Journal of Electrical & Electronic Systems

This document examines the charging scenario of lead-acid batteries using various methods using converters. Batteries are charged by adjusting the working conditions and pulse currents of the converter. With the advancement of materials science and packaging technologies, newer batteries with higher energy density and reliability are being manufactured today. This method of charging the battery is inexpensive and produces fast charging, higher efficiency, higher power factor and high reliability. Acid batteries are used in a wide range, e.g. they are also used in Gird’s energy storage systems, for example, in the power supply of mobile phone towers, hospitals, and autonomous power systems, the commissioning of motor vehicles, lighting and lighting.

The enhancement of integration capability in semiconductor technology requires a large amount of test data, resulting increase in memory, transition time and test time. In this paper, a novel lossless data compression technique is proposed to reduce test data, time and memory, based on variable to variable run length encoding scheme. In this scheme, a test data is partitioned into variable length test patterns and by applying compression algorithm, the bits are compressed into variable length codes. The encoding technique enhances the test data reduction with a limited number of code words. The compression technique is effective, especially when the runs of 0s and 1s in the test set are high and efficiently compress the data streams which is composed of runs of 0’s and 1’s. The variable to variable run length code algorithm is used to make changes in test vectors and adaptable for compressing precomputed test sets to test the embedded cores of System-on-chip (SOC). The decompression architecture for proposed technique was presented in this paper. Experimental results of ISCAS 85 and ISCAS 89 benchmark circuit’s results in the significant reduction of test data with better compression ratio.

Nowadays, The Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) Lifetime can be extended to around 80 Years; This Is Assist to Recommend the Modifications Some Properties of Polymeric Cross Linked Polyethylene (XLPE) Cable Insulation. This Work is A Laboratory Implementing the Nano-fillers as Silicon Dioxide (Sio2) and Clay to Enhance Cable Insulation. The Volume Resistivity, Capacitance, Dielectric Loss, Tensile Strength and Elongation Properties Were Tested and Measurement for the Nanorized Samples. Furthermore, These Measurements Have Been Carried Out for the (XLPE) with Modified XLPE/Sio2 and XLPE/Clay, at Additive Concentration of 1, 2.5, 4 and 5 Weight Percentage (Wt%). The Officially Documented Results Have Been Provided Much Better Cable Electrically Insulation and Mechanically Profile. A 205% and 189% for Volume Resistivity and Instance were improved for The XLPE/Sio2 and XLPE/Clay Respectively, and The Analytical Calculations were in Agreement with the Experimental Results.

The Electric Power Quality studies the electromagnetic phenomena that can cause disturbances in the electrical systems, which can be of permanent regime (steady state voltage, power factor, harmonics, voltage unbalance, voltage fluctuation, frequency variation) or transient voltage variations). With the technological advance in the area of power electronics, an increase and diversification of the amount of appliances that need electric energy for its operation is occurring. These devices (non-linear loads) produce distorted (ie non-sinusoidal) current, even when powered by a sinusoidal source, and can also distort the voltage at the connection point with the utility. These distortions are called harmonic distortions of current and voltage and are classified as permanent regime perturbations. As harmonic distortions cause several problems in the various consumers connected to the electrical system, ranging from noises, vibrations and variations in light intensity, shortening the useful life of the appliances, and in the case of the industrial sector, which can lead to a halt to the production process. Due to the importance of the theme, there are rules with limits for these distortions, and this work has as a proposal to investigate computationally a responsibility assignment between a concessionaire and residential consumer of low voltage in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, through the network model of the concessionaire and possible electro-electronic equipment We will analyze some methodologies found in the literature, such as the Harmonic Power Method, Conformity and Non-Compliant Current Method and Superposition Method. As simulations, they were done in an ATP Draw environment, where the necessary results were generated for the review of methodologies analyzed, thus verifying, as limitations and potentialities of its own.

Mechanoelectrical devices will always vibrate because of several moving parts incorporated within them. When they are in operation, these machines usually have oscillatory motions around an equilibrium point. For generating sets, vibration is from the engines to the metal frame because vibration travels through mediums. Accelerometers are used to measure vibration when mounted on the generator frame where the vibratory motion is been converted into electrical signal with the use of piezoelectric accelerometer. The versatile uses of electronics make it easy to measure and analyse electrical signal. The accelerometers usually mounted perpendicular and concentric to the shaft of the rotating engine in the vertical and horizontal position. Mechanical vibrations are present in different degrees. Some vibrations are desirable, they perform useful work. Vibration is generated intentionally in component feeder, concrete compactor, eccentric grinders, ultrasonic clearing baths, rock drills and pile drivers. Excessive vibration in equipment can not only damage the equipment itself but also decrease functionality and they can cause destruction of power delivery. Minimizing vibration of generating set can both reduce the transfer of energy to building surrounding, generator equipment/component and human. This leads to longer life for generator. The rate of vibration and cost are the most important consideration before a designer can decide the methods that can effectively minimize the transmission of vibratory motion. Vibration can become a noise source. The paper discusses isolation as a means of preventing vibration from the system and damping as a means of absorbing of vibration energy from the system. Methods of reducing vibration such as elastomeric isolations, spring isolators and accelerometers are discussed.

The objective of this paper is to provide a brief description on the proposed technologies to predict the collision between vehicles before the collision. The spectacular increase in traffic increases the demand for innovative technologies that can improve the safety and efficiency of transport systems. Road safety can be significantly improved by the use of wireless communication technologies for vehicle networks, which allows new services such as collision detection traffic management and other communication devices between moving vehicles. This paper presents an implementation of the complete vehicle-vehicle communication based on Li-Fi technology and DSRC technology based on Wi-Fi. The proposed system solves many of the problems faced by existing systems by using a GPS module instead of the conventional speedometer and also uses sensors that are reliable in areas where human intervention is involuntary or life-threatening in danger of extinction. The problems of congestion in the urban arteries increase day by day, and it is very difficult to deal with them in emergencies. Therefore, within the system, a communication unit is developed that interacts with other vehicles to free the lanes. This system aims to communicate with the vehicle in its environment using its location (i.e., using latitude and longitude) to indicate proximity. If these vehicles are in the immediate vicinity, drivers are notified by a message. In this way, drivers can communicate with each other and act according to the situation.

The energy consumption increases day by day. To meet this need, we need to increase the generation of energy. Due to this growing demand, non-renewable energy sources come into play. One of these solutions is to connect dg to the electrical network. These distribution networks are usually connected to a low voltage network. The trend of the unidirectional force flow has gradually changed. The power supply connected to the electrical network is a bidirectional current flow system. The additional energy is returned to the network. The reliability has been improved. The introduction of the DG into the conventional power supply system poses several challenges, such as: higher short circuit levels, higher load losses, lower energy quality, voltage transients, voltage stability problems, coordination problems of the voltage regulation and protection, and the protection of the system may not work properly, and due to the bidirectional power flows of the DGs, there is a lower contribution of residual current from the DGs connected to the inverters. This article examines the effects of the penetration of DG into DN and suggests possible solutions to reduce these effects. In addition, traditional protection strategies are reviewed with respect to the Dg connected to the energy system.