Journal of Forensic Research

The  biological  diversity  of  vertebrates  is  uniquely  significant  to  the  concept  of  phylogeny. Phylogeny is a branch of evolutionary biology that studies the evolutionary relationships between certain organisms. Reptiles and mammals are said to share the same evolutionary ancestry called the amniotic-egged ancestor. This ancestor is divided into two groups; sauropsids (reptiles) and the synapsids (mammals). According to some authors, the broadest group of the reptilian family is the sub-class Squamata. Examples of animals within this sub-class include, lizards, crocodiles, snakes and amphisbaenians [1]. However, man (Homo sapiens) belonging to the primate class, are the most intelligent and complex of all mammals.

In the present study, samples of pugmark of Artiodactyla animals’ species were collected from different areas. The collection was done through photography method. After the collection of each and every pugmark samples of animal species then it was individually examined for the comparison of fore and hind foot of the specific animal species pugmark. Comparison of fore foot and hind foot was done on the bases of physical analysis such as shape, size, dimension, dew mark, claw mark and specific feature. From the observation, it is interpreted that fore foot and hind foot of same animal species showed different characteristics which were not same. Through pugmark we can not only identify the specific species but also identify weather it is fore foot or hind foot of the specific animal. Pugmark signifies identity.

Primarily, this paper shall present the efficacy of forensic linguistic tools in establishing the identity of the person of interest by the unique multicultural determinants in the commission of the crime. Secondly, this will also highlight the practical description and analysis of forensic linguistics, more particularly on linguistic dialectology, which refers to the study of dialects in a methodological manner based on anthropological information. It shall elaborate on authentic case crime transcripts in assessing the tone, diction, and other linguistic features unique in a multicultural setting more particularly in assessing threat in establishing leads in identifying persons of interest by law enforcements. Lastly, the synthesis of the unique multicultural construct that the court may consider to be a determining evidence of a crime. In the Philippine context, the term Person of interest is commonly used by law enforcement to identify someone involved in a criminal investigation that has not been arrested or formally accused of a crime. It is used as equivalent for suspect.  In a wider perspective, forensic linguistics covers these persons of interest by establishing proven facts as required by law in presenting compelling evidence.