Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medicine

Epigenetics, the study of heritable changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the DNA sequence itself, has emerged as a crucial field in understanding the pathogenesis of various diseases. This article explores the role of epigenetics in two distinct yet interconnected health conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) and periodontal diseases (PD). Both diseases are influenced by a complex interplay of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors, where epigenetic mechanisms provide a nuanced understanding of disease susceptibility, progression and potential therapeutic targets. This review highlights current research findings on epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs in the context of CVD and PD, underscoring their impact on gene regulation, inflammation and tissue remodeling. Furthermore, the article discusses the potential implications of epigenetic therapies in managing and preventing these prevalent and interrelated diseases.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) poses significant health risks to both mothers and infants, necessitating effective diagnostic methods for early detection and management. Spectroscopy techniques have emerged as promising tools in the search for diagnostic biomarkers due to their non-invasive nature and ability to provide detailed molecular information. This article explores various spectroscopic methods such as infrared spectroscopy (IR), Raman spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, highlighting their applications in identifying biomarkers associated with GDM. Key advancements, challenges and future prospects in spectroscopic techniques for GDM diagnosis are discussed, emphasizing their potential to revolutionize prenatal care.

Pediatric patients with hematologic cancers are particularly vulnerable to pulmonary infectious complications due to their compromised immune systems resulting from the disease itself and intensive treatments such as chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. These complications significantly impact morbidity and mortality rates among these young patients. This article reviews the types of hematologic cancers most commonly seen in pediatric populations, the mechanisms by which they predispose patients to infections and the spectrum of pulmonary infections encountered. Diagnostic approaches, treatment strategies and preventive measures are also discussed to emphasize the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing these challenging cases.

Acute cholangitis is a severe infection of the bile ducts often caused by obstruction or bacterial migration from the gut. The emergence of multidrugresistant microbes poses a significant challenge in its management. This article reviews the microbial types prevalent in acute cholangitis and explores patterns of multidrug resistance observed in clinical settings. Understanding these aspects is crucial for guiding empirical antibiotic therapy and developing strategies to combat resistance.