Journal of Integrative Oncology

The epigenetic is a set of controlled reversible processes which causes inherited changes in the expression of genes Independent of the change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA. Changes in heterochromatin to yochromatin and vice versa. In DNA Methylation, Histone Modifications are considered as epigenetic mechanisms which regulates target genes in the transcription machine and On the other hand, the interaction of non-coding RNAs like Micro RNAs With target gene has identified their roles in the growth of differentiation and cell death. Therefore, epigenetic factors directly or indirectly change the expression of Micro RNAs in the cell. Certainly failure in these mechanisms leads to activating or inhibiting different messaging pathways and causing diseases such as cancer. As you know, the differentiation and survival of cells occur due to constant gene control patterns that also cancer is created as a result of a change in expression of the activity of carcinogenic genes or tumor suppressor genes. The expression of genes at the DNA and chromatin levels is regulated through epigenetic mechanisms. Of these, some small molecules and drugs that interact with specific sequences of DNA can be modified locally and allow the transcriptional machine to reach the target genes and, ultimately, to change the heterochromatin to the cochromatin, can be mentioned.

Recombinant protein (ULLB-0005), is derived from a natural fungal protein, which has high binding specificity toward the carbohydrate antigen (Galβ1–3GalNAc- α-O-Ser/Thr). The natural Amino acid sequence has been modified to make more stable and soluble protein. Modified sequence has been cloned and express in E.coli. The protein was purified through different column chromatography and was characterized as a single protein. The present study evaluated the anticancer activity of Recombinant protein ULLB-0005 by determining in vitro cytotoxicity fingerprint, efficacy, mechanism and safety in human cell lines. Promising cytotoxicity was observed in 9 different cancer cell line, with a good safety profile in human PBMCs. The efficacy of the Molecule as antitumor agent was assessed in respective xenograft immuno-compromised mice models in vivo. As expected the molecule showed strong anticancer activity in immune-compromised mice model in various cancers which was observed in the reduction of tumor volume.

Childhood cancer is an emerging health challenge in many developing countries. Globally, an estimated 215,000 children of < 15 years and 85,000 adolescents of 15-19 develop cancer each year, and 80% of them live in developing countries. This population will exceed 90% in the next two decades due to an increasing size of the young population in favor of developing countries. Over 100,000 children die needlessly every year, most without any basic effective pain relief, undiagnosed, misdiagnosed, diagnosed too late or not treatment at all. If diagnosed at an early stage, and if treatment is available, most childhood cancers are highly curable. At least 50% of childhood cancer can be cured by simple treatments. The survival gap between rich and poor countries is widening. The reason is mainly due to the success of pediatric cancer therapy in developed countries. Diagnostic and treatment protocols and high adherence rates in these countries improve childhood cancer survival by 75-80%. However, in low and middle-income countries (LMIC), children are not benefitting from these improvements. Largely, because of abandonment rates are high and there are limited supportive care services to prevent treatment related morbidity or mortality.

Statement of the Problem: Red blood cells (RBCs) are the most frequently transfused blood labile product. The “Donorvariation effect”, which refers to donor-todonor differences observed in both blood storage quality and 24h recovery, is probably a key factor in the efficiency of transfusion therapy. Donor variation effect may be associated with genetically determined features of RBCs and plasma. The aim of this study was to examine whether thedonor’s sex may independently affect the storage capacity of donated RBCs. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: For this purpose, 14 leukoreduced units of RBC concentrates in CPD/SAGM (7 male–7 female) were stored for 42 days at 4-6oC. Several parameters of storage quality (including hemolysis, redox status etc) were examined before and throughout the storage period. SPSS was used for statistical analysis of the results.

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid cancer among infants and children. The prognosis of patients with advanced stages of neuroblastoma with N-myc amplification remains poor despite intense multimodality therapy, and there is a pressing need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are naturallyoccurring long-chain fatty acids containing a carbon-carbon double bond at the omega C-3 position. Although previous studies have demonstrated the anti-proliferative effect of n-3 PUFAs on different cancer cell lines in vitro, the anti-tumor effects and underlying molecular action mechanisms of n-3 PUFAs, including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), on human neuroblastoma cells remained poorly understood. In this study, both DHA and EPA were shown to suppress the proliferation of two human neuroblastoma LA-N-1 and SH-SY5Y cell lines in a concentration- and timedependent manner.

Medical cancer treatment has evolved in a geometric manner since Gilman´s Mechlorethamine introduction into the bedside. Chemotherapy was born and rapidly proved its worth in different tumors and different clinical settings. Initially, the bright results were seen in hematologic malignancies, namely complete remissions in some types of leukemias and lymphomas and posteriorly in solid tumors, it changed the natural disease history in osteosarcoma, becoming adjuvant methotrexate the new overall survival drug in this malignancy. Many pediatric and young adults’ tumors comported complete remissions with chemotherapy, rendering them as curable diseases. As this, testicular cancer became the first example of a curable cancer model within advanced solid tumors (Cisplatin was the gladiator here). Even when the first clinical trial became from the sixties, during the seventies Oncologists became interested in the after-surgery chemo in breast cancer. Two pivotal trials (the US and Europe), continue showing that even nearly 40 years after, the overall survival benefit of adjuvant chemo in this disease is impressive. As many as with chemo, hormonotherapy proved and continues to prove its worth in postmenopausal breast cancer women. Adding to the before, two milestones in chemo history are the role of chemo in larynx organ preservation and its positive role in the colorectal cancer adjuvant setting. Taking as a profit chemo radio sensitizer power, the role of concomitant chemotherapy and radiotherapy came up to age: Head neck, rectal cancer, anal cancer only to mention some tumor topographies amenable to this combined approach with organ preservation objectives.