Molecular Biomarkers & Diagnosis

Cancer induced nausea and vomiting has detrimental effects on health of patients. This review describes what causes this cancer induced nausea and vomiting as well as what are current available pharmacological treatments of this condition. The review concludes that although pharmacological treatments are a good way of treatment and it has many side effects and currently needs much improvement. The improvement can be brought by better understanding of functioning of receptors and pathways involved in causing nausea and vomiting.

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is a radiology technique. MRI is based on NMR principles .In 1997 the first MRI exam was performed on a human being. People who are suffering from sport injury, musculoskeletal problems, spinal injuries, prostate problems can be diagnosed by MRI.

Background: In our environment, the clinico-pathologic profile of orofacial sarcomas has not been fully assessed.
Objective: To determine the clinico-pathologic profile of orofacial sarcomas seen in a Nigerian tertiary health institution in the south-south geopolitical zone.
Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study from the archives of histopathologic records of the department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, University of Benin Teaching hospital within a 25 year period (1990 to 2014). Cases histopathologically diagnosed as sarcomas of the orofacial region were reviewed and analyzed based on their age, gender, site and histopathological pattern.
Results: There were 285 (18.7%) cases diagnosed as malignant lesions which consist of 52 (18.2%) sarcomas. The age range was 3 to 82 years with mean age of 30.2 ± 20.3. There was equal gender distribution. The highest occurrence was in the second decade (n=14, 26.9%). The mandible was the most common site. The most common sarcoma was Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (n=21, 40.4%) while the least common was Fibrosarcoma.
Conclusion: This study shows that orofacial sarcomas are relatively rare in our environment occurring mostly in the younger age with no gender predilection. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma was the predominant histopathological diagnosis.