Journal of Mass Communication & Journalism

This paper is a preliminary study of the terror frame as it is applied to media coverage of Iraq 10 years after the 2003 American-led intervention that toppled Saddam Hussein.

Purpose: The present study is an attempt to understand the various aspects of periodical publishing in general and newspapers in particular in the state of Jammu & Kashmir India. The study is an analysis of secondary data with the main aim to put forth the actual scenario of the print media industry of Jammu & Kashmir, lasting around five decades viz. for the period 1964-2013. Scope: Although, the scope of the study is limited to the state of Jammu & Kashmir India, but shall prove of great help to understand the scenario of print media at global level, especially in an IT era, which is being ruled by internet in every respect. Methodology/Approach: The study has been undertaken on secondary data, retrieved from the official website of the Registrar of Newspapers for India on October 10, 2013. Aspects like, periodicity, registration distribution, languages covered, district level distribution, year and decade wise growth and registration of newspapers were studied. The study lasts around 1013 registered newspaper titles with RNI, published across the 22 districts of the Jammu & Kashmir state having 12.54 million population, with 68.57% literacy rate. Findings: In terms of periodicity a maximum 44.61% of the total newspapers published in Jammu & Kashmir are weekly and the maximum titles 149 were registered with RNI during the year 2012. Urdu apart from being the official language of the Jammu & Kashmir has also emerged the most popular language by having a maximum share of 40.47% percent of total newspapers published across the state, followed by English with 38.30% share percentage. In terms of population Jammu & Kashmir state has 0.139 average titles to per 1000 literate persons, better by 0.008 titles to national average share of 1000 literate persons. Other observations: Print is still the preferred news media across the globe especially to 65% global population which is still deprived of the technological blessing in the form of internet. Print news media is bound to grow stronger both in terms of readership and business and internet is no immediate threat to it.

The current liberalized environment is characterized by information and knowledge. Media is very powerful that plays a significant role in shaping public opinions and beliefs. Manufacturing consent by mass media for its own sake by using selective or propaganda news is a dormant question in present world especially in Bangladesh where massive media boom occurred after post millennium period. Political influence and pressure from the Government, self censorship by journalists due to stress from upper hierarchy are just some of the factors that affects viewer’s perception. Media is now playing a role for a change agent or a mediator of setting agenda. In this paper, the present problems underlying these facts in Bangladesh and the rest of the world are analyzed and compared with the similar case studies as it is essential to know how media shape the public opinion and setting agenda and manufacture consent.

Online advertising, synonymous to Internet Advertising is defined as the paid form of promotion of ideas, goods and services to targeted Consumers using Internet. Online advertising is a comparatively nascent phenomenon for Indian advertising industry but has shown immense potential in its early years and is envisaged to give all other advertising mediums a run for their money in the near future. Internet has pervaded into almost every sphere of human life in past few decades. Businesses across the globe have already begun to realize its immense potential as a tool of commercial communication and profit maximization. One of the most conspicuous effects of internet in the business arena is discernible in the field of advertising. A whole new domain of advertising with revolutionary attributes and ramifications has evolved. Internet has inculcated various new and exciting dimensions to advertising providing advertisers with tools to capture attention of target audiences with greater accuracy and efficacy. The most important dimension that internet has added to advertising is that of ‘measurability’. That is, the feedback to any advertising campaign on internet can be measured fairly accurately, rendering it possible for advertisers to ascertain productivity of their investment in the campaign objectively. One of the main advantages of internet advertising is the ability to publish information instantaneously with the convenience of modifying the content according to requirements without bothering about constraints of time and geography. This paper dives into the online advertising market in India closely tracking the way in which the Indian online ad Industry has evolved.