Journal of Material Sciences & Engineering

The atomic structure is presented on the basis of the theory of vortex gravitation. The feasibility and calculation of the values of the density and mass of electromagnetic particles are proposed. A calculation is made, which proves that the photon must have mass. In the calculations, some physical characteristics of electromagnetic particles that are accepted by modern physics are refuted.

The Cupola Furnace Capacity of 450 kilograms per hour was designed and fabricated using locally sourced raw materials which include pig irons, crop ends and foundry shop returns, and ferroalloys for the production of quality cast iron which depends on the customer's demand. Metallurgical coke is the main fuel source employed for the production processes. The design parameters were analyzed and the metallic shells were then fabricated into four sections to allow proper lining. A mild 5 mm thick steel sheet was collected, marked out according to the required specification. slit and formed into cylindrical shapes. The sections were coupled and joined together through a welding process. Sodium silicate was used as a binder to make them bondable to the interior sections; the internal configurations were first lined with asbestos sheets measured 5 mm thick. With a less dense insulating refractory material. Fireclay refractory bricks were used for furnishing as they directly interfaced with the molten metal, while the flame blower was connected, assembled, and erected in the different segments. Financial analysis was performed to give a general overview of the cost of manufacturing and building a cupola furnace produced locally at N1, 467,266.00, which is relatively cheap compared to the imported ones. The technical details were given for the production processes. The raw materials used were sourced locally as they are readily available in quantum and are essential to the government policies on adding values to the production processes by using these materials to promote the addition of these materials for the creation of local content.

The main objective of this study was to identify the level of good governance with respect to its founding pillar elements in Oromia Arsi and East shewa zone
selected urban cities. The key elements of good governance considered in the study were accountability, transparency, participation, responsiveness, control
of corruption, operational effectiveness and efficiency, equity building and inclusive, and consensus orientation,. The study followed a survey and focus group
discussion. The data were collected from four selected cities that in Adama, Asella, Batu, and Shashemenne. Analyses were based on primary data generated
through structured questionnaire for each key elements of good governance. Focus group discussion was also conducted with selected informant groups.
Descriptive analyses were specified to identify the current practice of good governance. The focus group discussion data were subject to thematic analyses and
triangulated with the findings from survey analyses. The pillars of good governance such as: accountability, participation, responsiveness, responsibility, efficiency
and effectiveness, equity and consensus orientation, elements observed at low level within the selected city administration. Top priority problems were identified
for respective cities. Fraud with respect to land administration and project authorization are among the top source of corruption. The study proposed pre-symptom
actions and after symptom actions to curb corruption and establish good governance within the city administration.

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With the extraordinary growth of Technologies in the last decade Material Engineering has increased a lot. The global Material Engineering market is developing rapidly due to high growth rate of Technology across the world. From the roads to the electronic goods used, everything we see and use is made of materials: cars, airplanes, computers, refrigerators, microwave ovens, athletic equipment of all types and even biomedical devices such as replacement joints and limbs. Polymer designing comprises of numerous parts of petrochemical industry and polymerization. Polymer designing spreads numerous perspectives identified with synthetic building. Plastics are additionally utilized as a part of the produce of Prosthetic gadgets and surgical hardware. Major players in Material Engineering market are extensively focusing on the latest innovations and development of new Digital techniques to counter and extract the Technology.