Journal of Nanosciences: Current Research

NPs are minute materials and they can be characterized into various classes dependent on their properties, shapes or sizes. The various types of nanoparticles are metal NPs, ceramic NPs, and polymeric NPs. NPs have exceptional physical and compound properties because of their high surface region and nano scale size. Their optical properties are accounted for to be reliant upon the size, which confers various shadings because of retention in the apparent district. Their reactivity, durability and different properties are additionally reliant upon their novel size, shape and construction, there is appropriate possibility for different business and homegrown applications, which incorporate catalysis, imaging, clinical applications, energy-based examination, and ecological applications. Weighty metal NPs of lead, mercury and tin are accounted to be extremely unbending and stable that their debasement isn't effectively reachable, which can prompt numerous ecological poison levels.

Background: Nanotechnology is a new science that deals with the development of nanoparticles with various chemical compositions and sizes, as well as their application in health science for human benefit. We evaluated antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens and cytotoxicity using Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay of cinnamon and clove mediated gold nanoparticles based mouthwash.

Objective: The objective of the study is to evaluate antimicrobial activity and cytotoxic effect of cinnamon and clove mediated gold nanoparticles based mouthwash through an in vitro study.

Materials and methods: A total of 80 mL of 1 mm Gold chloride in distilled water were added to 20 ml of plant formulation. The active agent added was gold (III) chloride. In addition, a 0.3 gms of sodium lauryl sulfate, 0.3 gms of sucrose and 0.001 gms of sodium benzoate was added to formulate a mouthwash. Then this mouthwash was evaluated for its antimicrobial activity with estimating the zone of inhibition against oral pathogens and cytotoxic effect evaluated using Brine Shrimp Lethality assay (BSLA).

Results: Cinnamon and clove mediated gold nanoparticles were synthesized. Gold nanoparticles were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope and were 525 nm in diameter. Brine Shrimp Lethality was done and the cytotoxicity of theses gold nanoparticles was found to be increasing with increasing concentration of the administered gold nanoparticles. The ZOI was noticed the highest with streptococcus mutants showing 42 mm of ZOI at 100 μl, while the lowest ZOI for Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus showing 36 mm at 100 μl. The nauplii alive at 5 μl were 7, which was the highest and the lowest was 1 nauplii alive at 80 μl.

Conclusion: There was dose based cytotoxicity with cinnamon and clove mediated gold nanoparticles, so the study concludes that assessing the safety levels is critical prior to administering nanoparticles for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.

Nano suspension is a term that can be used to describe a colloidal dispersion of Nano sized droplets of the drug in an aqueous medium, with size below 1 μm. Drug nanoparticles are one of the most significant methods that reduce constituent part diameter and increasing surface area, leading to improve dissolution and oral bioavailability of hydrophobic medicines, which is enhances drug dissolution rate and bioavailability. Nanoparticles produced using appropriate techniques for drug delivery applications and administered via a variety of routes including oral, topical, parenteral, ophthalmic, and pulmonary.

Overactive Bladder (OAB) affects around 16% of adults and is more common as people become older. It causes a variety of symptoms, including urgency, incontinence, urine frequency, and nocturia. DH It is newly drug used to treat complicated OAB, it has a higher selectivity for the bladder's muscarinic receptors. After intravenous and immediate-release oral dose forms, it suffers from extensive first-pass metabolism with a short elimination half-life and ranging between three to four hours). The current research focused on creating an extended-release dosage form utilizing Eudragit RS100.

Solvent/anti-solvent precipitation method was used to make Darifenacine nanoparticles. A certain quantity of medication was dissolved in water miscible solvent (methanol), then poured at a specific speed into water containing stabilizer on a magnetic stirrer for half hour after that the resulted product solicated at 37°C for 15 minutes.

The physicochemical interaction among medication with additives was explored utilizing F.T.I.R and D.S.C, and the particle size as well as zeta potential of the generated Nano suspension was calculated.

Introduction: Lawsonia Alba is commonly known as Henna and abundantly available in tropical and subtropical areas. Lawsonia Alba  is cultivated  for  the medicinal and cosmetic value of its leaves. The shrub’s stem bark, roots, flowers, and seeds have also been used in traditional medicine. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have a wide range of medicinal and diagnostic uses. Silver is one of the most common metal nanoparticles, owing to its antimicrobial and pharmaceutical properties. It is in the medical industry as topical ointments to prevent infection against burn and  open wounds. Antioxidants are  compounds that may  shield the cells from free radicals, which may cause heart disease, cancer, and other illnesses.

Aim: In the present study, we aim to evaluate the antioxidants activity of Lawsonia Alba mediated silver nanoparticles.

Materials and methods: The  research involved preparing Lawsonia Alba extract and  20  milli molar silver.  Both were mixed and  stirred using a  magnetic stirrer  for the synthesis of nanoparticles. These were tested for antioxidant activity by DPPH assay.

Results: The present study shows that the antioxidant activity of Lawsonia Alba mediated silver nanoparticles was seen to be increased as the concentration increased in a dose-dependent manner, hence it can act as a good antioxidant.

Conclusion: Lawsonia Alba mediated silver nanoparticles were proved to possess a strong level of antioxidant activity. The results of  the  study reinforce the opinion that medicinal plants are promising sources of potent antioxidants that may be useful for therapy.

Ceramics Nano metric reinforced polymer composite is a significant material for catalysis, solar cells, production of hydrogen and energy applications, etc. In order to take benefit from the interesting mechanical properties and thermal stability of TiO₂, this ceramic nanomaterial’s was synthesized by the Sol-Gel process in attempt to study the thermal stability, structure, and morphology of the resulting nanoparticles powders. The obtained results revealed that, the sphere is composed of 20-30 nm nanoparticles with excellent thermal stability of nano-TiO₂, This work focused on the thermal characterization and the study of Nano composite xWt% TiO₂/PP (x=0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 mol%). In this study, the obtained results revealed that the molar ratio of TiO₂ influences the final thermal stability and degree of crystallinity of the composite. It was found that the use of TiO₂ seems to be an effective and very promising way to increase the thermal properties of the resulting composite. The greatest degree of crystallinity (54.80%) and thermal degradation stability are obtained for composite reinforced by 7.5 Wt% TiO₂.