Pulmonary & Respiratory Medicine

Cancer, particularly pulmonary cancer or lung cancer, remains one of the leading causes of death globally. Over the years, significant advancements have been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer growth and progression. Traditional treatment options like surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy have played pivotal roles in managing pulmonary cancer, but they often come with substantial side effects and limited success rates, especially in advanced stages. In recent years, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising and revolutionary approach in the management of pulmonary cancer. This article delves into the role of immunotherapy in pulmonary cancer treatment, its mechanisms, challenges and future prospects.

Lung cancer remains one of the most prevalent and deadliest malignancies worldwide, contributing significantly to cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Traditional treatment approaches have primarily focused on generalized therapies that may not be optimally effective for all patients due to the inherent heterogeneity of lung cancer. However, advancements in genomic profiling and personalized medicine have opened new avenues for tailoring treatment strategies to individual patients, enhancing treatment outcomes and potentially revolutionizing the landscape of pulmonary cancer treatment.

Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs) are a complex and heterogeneous group of neoplasms that arise from the neuroendocrine cells of the respiratory epithelium. These tumors are relatively rare, accounting for only a small percentage of all lung malignancies, but their management presents unique challenges due to their diverse clinical behavior and varied treatment responses. Over the years, significant progress has been made in understanding the biology of pulmonary NETs, leading to breakthroughs in their diagnosis, treatment, and overall management. In this article, we will explore the challenges associated with managing pulmonary NETs and highlight the recent breakthroughs that have revolutionized their management strategies.

Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs) represent a diverse group of neoplasms arising from neuroendocrine cells in the respiratory tract. These tumors are relatively rare, accounting for only about 20% of all lung malignancies. Despite their rarity, managing pulmonary NETs presents unique challenges due to their heterogeneity, variable clinical behavior, and limited treatment options. Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made in understanding these tumors, leading to breakthroughs in diagnosis, classification, and treatment approaches. This article explores the challenges associated with managing pulmonary NETs and highlights the recent breakthroughs that are shaping the field.