Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering

Introduction: Creating an ideal scaffold for bone tissue engineering requires specific characteristics. Composite materials, combining the advantages of polymers and ceramics, offer tailored properties and enhanced functionality. This study aimed to fabricate, characterize and optimize multi-phasic composite scaffolds with spiral backbones for potential bone tissue engineering applications.

Methods: Composite scaffolds were fabricated via electrospinning using 24.5% Zein and varying concentrations of Calcium Phosphate (CP) (15%, 20% and 25%). Ribbon-shaped electrospun Zein/CP composite mats were structured into spiral forms, placed in cylindrical Teflon molds, filled with a blended slurry (Zein/cartilage-derived matrix/CP/gelatin), snap-frozen and lyophilized to form multi-phasic composite scaffolds. Mechanical, FESEM and FTIR analyses assessed compressive strength, architectural properties (porosity, pore size and interconnectivity), thermogravimetric behaviour, chemical functional groups and biocompatibility.

Results and Discussion: The study evaluated composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, focusing on varying CP concentrations in Zein nanofibers. The scaffold with a 20% CP concentration exhibited Young’s modulus of approximately 3.26 MPa. FESEM analysis revealed highly interconnected pores for scaffolds with 15% CP, with a pore size of 50.12 ± 6.07 and a porosity of 69.72%. FTIR and DSC analyses confirmed scaffold robustness. Comparisons with bone tissue showed similarities in compressive strength but slight differences in porosity. Despite this, the scaffold demonstrated potential for further optimization. Overall, the scaffold with 20% CP exhibited superior mechanical strength, with larger pore sizes indicating better potential for cell growth and nutrition, high- lighting its promise for bone tissue engineering applications.

Cardiac precision medicine necessitates accurate disease modeling for effective therapeutic development. Leveraging human stem cells, particularly induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), offers a promising avenue for recapitulating cardiac diseases in vitro. This review explores the current advancements, challenges and future prospects of utilizing iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes for disease modeling, highlighting their potential in elucidating disease mechanisms, screening drug candidates and personalizing treatment strategies.

Cellular therapies utilizing pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) hold promising potential in addressing lung damage and promoting repair. This abstract outlines recent advancements and strategies in employing PSC-derived cells for lung regeneration. We discuss the therapeutic mechanisms, challenges and future directions of PSC-based therapies in lung repair, emphasizing their transformative role in treating respiratory disorders and advancing regenerative medicine.

This paper explores the emerging frontier of regenerative medicine in the context of lung restoration through pluripotent stem cell therapy. By harnessing the transformative potential of pluripotent stem cells, researchers aim to address the limitations of current treatments for lung diseases and injuries. Through a comprehensive review of recent advancements and ongoing research efforts, this abstract highlights the promising prospects, challenges and ethical considerations associated with employing pluripotent stem cell therapy for lung restoration..