Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research

Joshua Rhein

Publications

• Case Report
  Diagnosis and Management of Cryptococcal Relapse
  Author(s): Abdu K Musubire, David R Boulware, David B Meya and Joshua RheinAbdu K Musubire, David R Boulware, David B Meya and Joshua Rhein
  
  Despite improvements in the antifungal regimens and the roll out of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub- Saharan Africa, mortality due to cryptococcal meningitis remains high. Relapse of an initially successfully treated infection contributes to this mortality and is often a clinical dilemma in differentiating between paradoxical immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) and culture-positive relapse or treatment failure. Herein, we present a clinical case scenario and review the case definitions, differential diagnosis, and management of relapse with an emphasis on the current diagnostic and management strategies. We also highlight the challenges of resistance testing and management of refractory relapse cases. The risk of relapse is influenced by: 1) the choice of induction therapy, with higher mortality risk with fluconazole monotherapy which can select for resistance; 2) n.. Read More»
  DOI: 10.4172/2155-6113.S3-003

  Abstract PDF