Jihen Hamdani
This paper aimed to identify the factors that affect entrepreneurial Dynamics. This study used a survey data of 60 individuals from different companies from various sector in Tunisia. The theoretical model was tested and confirmed via Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The Results indicate that Innovative environment, Knowledge, Professional competence, and Personality trait have significant positive affect on entrepreneurial Dynamics. Marketing implications of the study are discussed.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2021.9.366
The present study focuses on the relationships between entrepreneurial characteristics (Training, success-oriented trend, control locus), Strategic and managerial factors (E.networking, Business model, Management team), Service-quality related (reliability, responsiveness, Site quality), and the success of e-commerce entrepreneurs. An exploratory study has been conducted through semi-structured interviews. The reached results reveal that the factors’, in their entirety, appear to enhance well the studied net-entrepreneurs and explain the success level of the Tunisian cyberentreprises.
Laxmi Patro
Global exchange is the trading of capital, merchandise, and administrations across worldwide lines or territories in light of the fact that there is a need or need of products or services. In many nations, such exchange addresses a huge portion of (GDP). While global exchange has existed from the beginning of time (for instance Uttarapatha, Silk Road, Amber Road, scramble for Africa, Atlantic slave exchange, salt streets), its monetary, social. Completing exchange at a worldwide level is a mind boggling measure when contrasted with homegrown exchange.
To smoothen and legitimize the cycle of exchange between nations of various financial standing, some global monetary associations were framed, for example, the World Trade Organization. These associations run after the assistance and development of worldwide exchange. Factual administrations of intergovernmental and supranational associations and public measurable organizations distribute official measurements on worldwide exchange.
Denis Rechod
Worldwide promoting can be characterized as "advertising on an overall scale accommodating or taking worldwide operational contrasts, similitudes and openings to arrive at worldwide goals". Worldwide promoting is likewise a field of study by and large business the executives that markets items, arrangements and administrations to clients locally, broadly, and globally.
Jhon Andrive
In financial matters, an ideal money territory or ideal cash locale is a geological area where it would expand monetary proficiency to have the whole district share solitary cash. The hidden hypothesis depicts the ideal attributes for the consolidation of monetary forms or the making of cash. The hypothesis is utilized frequently to contend whether a specific district is prepared to turn into a cash association, one of the last stages in financial incorporation.
Edwin Kipyego Kipchoge*, Betty Korir, Argwings Otieno
The linear relationship between time series variables is normally assumed to be stationary or simply the mean and variances do not change over time and the covariance of a variable and its lagged values are constant over time. In real situations there are some major events that can influence the fluctuations of such time series variables. Structural changes can identify whether the linear relationship between independent and dependent variable changes over some time t. The main purpose of this paper is to highlight some of the major structural breaks in tobacco consumption in Kenya for the period 1980 to 2016. The data used was extracted from Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) and Government statistical abstracts. The independent variables are the prices of tobacco both before and after tax and per capita income. The Zivot-Andrews test was applied to test one structural break, but Clement-Montane and Reyes test was used to identify the multiple structural changes. The results obtained were presented in a table form and figure for visual identification. Zivot Andrews showed that there were major and significant structural breaks in tobacco consumption in the year 2007(t-statistic value is -6.366), prices before tax in the year 1999(t-statistic value is -4.882) and per capita income had a break year 2006 (t-statistic value is -2.627). Clement Montane and Reyes results indicated that the variables under study had significant break years (p-values were less than 5 per cent significance level). Based on the results obtained, the consumption of tobacco had two major break structural breaks in the year, 1994 and 2003, similarly the income per capita break years were 1999 and 2009, also, the prices before and after-tax break years were in 1996 and 2003, and in 1995 and 2009 respectively. This structural change is an important observation in analysis as it improves the efficiency of the estimates and assist researchers and governments to identify policies that can help reduce tobacco use, reduce diseases associated with tobacco for a functional healthy nation.
Mohamad Abdulrahman Qutait
The world has witnessed several financial crises directly affected the economic growth rates and contributed to the impact of the main indicators of this growth starting from the Great Depression 1929 followed by the Second World War, the Bretton Woods crisis, October 1973 war, the 1987 and 1989 crisis, the Second Gulf War and the Asian Tigers crisis 1998 and the mortgage crisis 2005-2007. The study aims to establish the determinants and foundations of financial crises, as they are all similar in their timing almost every decade once and accompanied by an economic bubble in a particular sector of the economy such as the industrial sector in 1929, the oil industry 1973, the financial sector 1998 and the real estate sector 2008 and the end of the bubble the crisis occurs. What we are witnessing in the current year 2019 is the end of the economic cycle and a big bubble witnessed in the services and financial derivatives sector, where we can say that all crises centre on exchange rates and the lack of GDP development in proportion to the population, inflation rates, exchange rates, interest rates, stocks and the strength of Dollars as an intermediary currency for international exchanges.
Gerald Ileka* and Massomeh Hajilee
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2021.9.367
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the global economy in different ways. While some sectors such as aviation and tourism experienced a sharp decline in demand, others felt some growth. For example, the media and food retail industry are some of the sectors that have benefitted from the pandemic. They experienced a rise in demand for products and services as lockdowns and other measures to reduce the spread of the coronavirus forced people to remain at home and use online channels for entertainment and to order goods. Nevertheless, the COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected the globalization of consumption by lowering people's incomes and reducing the demand for goods and services. It indicates the need for governments to use a fiscal policy that involves changes to taxes and higher spending to boost people’s incomes and trigger growth through higher consumption. Thus, the economic challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic have caused a decline in the globalization of consumption but a fiscal policy will be useful in overcoming the problems and enabling nations to resume growth.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2021.9.364
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2021.9.e006
Michael J Edel
The COVID-19 pandemic has had extensive financial outcomes past the spread of the actual illness and endeavors to isolate it. As the SARS-CoV-2 infection has spread all throughout the planet, concerns have moved from supply-side assembling issues to diminished business in the administrations sector. The pandemic caused the biggest worldwide downturn ever, with in excess of 33% of the worldwide populace at the time being set on lockdown.
Hong Wei Ouyang
A government assistance financial aspect is a part of financial aspects that utilizes microeconomic strategies to assess prosperity (government assistance) at the total (economy-wide) level. Endeavoring to apply the standards of government assistance financial aspects brings about the field of public financial aspects, the investigation of how government may mediate to improve social government assistance. Government assistance financial matters likewise gives the hypothetical establishments to specific instruments of public financial aspects, including money saving advantage investigation, while the mix of government assistance financial matters and bits of knowledge from social financial matters has prompted the making of another subfield, conduct government assistance economics.
Jhon De Vos
Farming financial matters is an applied field of financial matters worried about the use of monetary hypothesis in advancing the creation and dissemination of food and fiber. Agrarian financial matters started as a part of financial matters that explicitly managed land use; it zeroed in on amplifying the harvest yield while keeping a decent soil biological system. All through the twentieth century the control extended and the current extent of the order is a lot more extensive. An agrarian financial matter today incorporates an assortment of applied regions, having significant cover with traditional financial aspects. Farming financial analysts have made considerable commitments to explore in financial aspects, econometrics, advancement financial aspects, and natural financial matters. Agrarian financial aspects impacts food strategy, farming arrangement, and natural approach.
Jhon Andrive
Wellbeing financial aspects is a part of financial matters worried about issues identified with proficiency, viability, worth and conduct in the creation and utilization of wellbeing and medical care. A wellbeing financial aspect is significant in deciding how to improve wellbeing results and way of life designs through communications between people, medical services suppliers and clinical settings.
Wellbeing business analysts assess various kinds of monetary data: expenses, charges and consumptions. Vulnerability is natural for wellbeing, both in persistent results and monetary concerns. The information hole that exists between a doctor and a patient causes a circumstance of particular benefit for the doctor, which is called deviated data.
Hae S Kim
The purpose of this paper is to assess the effect of consumption (consumer spending) on economic growth, based on 222 countries/ territories in the world, while the effect of other variables that are also assumed to affect economic growth is statistically controlled. The four factors (patterns) of economic growth identified are as follows:
• Factor 1: Consumption-driven economy
• Factor 2: Savings-based
• Factor 3: Oil-resource based
• Factor 4: Government-spending
Empirical evidence shows the predominance of the consumption-driven economy in affecting economic growth across the world, whether developing or developed. Eight variables were found to be significantly loaded in the pattern of the consumption driven economy: consumption, globalization, economic freedom, knowledge economy, global competitiveness, corruption, foreign direct investment, and economic growth. This means the consumption driven economy affects economic growth in multiple ways.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.361
The process of globalisation is how concepts, information, expertise, goods, and services go across national and international borders. The phrase is used in the business world to refer to linked economies characterised by free trade, the free movement of capital across nations, and simple access to foreign resources, especially labour markets, in order to maximise profits and benefit for the general welfare.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.362
Examining Job Satisfaction, Health Economics is an applied topic of study that enables a methodical and thorough analysis of the challenges associated with attaining universal health. Health economics seeks to comprehend how people, healthcare professionals, public and private organisations, and governments behave when making decisions by applying economic theories of consumer, producer, and social choice.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.363
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.364
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.365
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.376
The green bond market assists in directing financial resources toward environmentally friendly investments. While conventional bonds are similar to green bonds, the latter were created particularly to raise funds for financing environmental projects. The distinctive quality of green bonds is their geranium, or lower yield as compared to "conventional" bonds with comparable risks. The paper's importance is supported by the conflicting data surrounding the presence of "geranium," particularly in the corporate green bond markets; there has been little research on the subject and a limited focus on the global, US, or Chinese green bond markets. Instead, there is little research done on the green market for European debt. This study's goal is to analyse the development of geranium and its major factors in the European corporate debt capital markets.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.377
The green bond market assists in directing financial resources toward environmentally friendly investments. While conventional bonds are similar to green bonds, the latter were created particularly to raise funds for financing environmental projects. The distinctive quality of green bonds is their geranium, or lower yield as compared to "conventional" bonds with comparable risks. The paper's importance is supported by the conflicting data surrounding the presence of "geranium," particularly in the corporate green bond markets; there has been little research on the subject and a limited focus on the global, US, or Chinese green bond markets. Instead, there is little research done on the green market for European debt. This study's goal is to analyse the development of geranium and its major factors in the European corporate debt capital markets.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.378
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.379
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.380
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.381
The Chinese government has been able to increase its investment in R&D because to four decades of tremendous economic expansion. In terms of absolute spending, China is the world's second-biggest investor in food and agricultural research, and the greatest investor when measured in terms of purchasing power parity. This study examines the diverse effects of central subsidies and local subsidies using a special panel dataset gathered in 2019 in China's seed firm using fixed effect models. This study specifically examines whether government incentives encourage innovation among businesses. The study then clarifies whether local vs central subsidies have different effects. According to the estimation results, central subsidies have a favourable impact on a company's innovation, whereas local subsidies have a negative impact.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.382
In the context of the digitalization process, the aim of this article is to investigate the relationship between financial (banking) accessibility and economic growth. As a result, we developed a panel model to assess the relationships between banking accessibility and economic growth for the Central and Eastern European Countries between. Additionally, using eight independent variables to gauge the degree of banking accessibility and the dependent variable for economic growth, we used the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares approach. The findings demonstrate that expanding banking services does not always promote economic growth whereas increasing financial accessibility has a favourable impact on economic growth. The findings in the context of digitization are pertinent for policymakers underlining the importance of investing more in digitization
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.383
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.384
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.385
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.386
The functional data displaying geographical dependency are the main focus of this work. Using the functional Moran's I statistic, classical principal component analysis and functional areal spatial principal component analysis, the spatial autocorrelation of stock exchange returns for exchanges in 69 countries was examined. This study focuses on the time when the global stock market sold off and established that there is spatial autocorrelation among the stock exchanges under consideration. Prior to applying the technique, the stock exchange return data were transformed into functional data. The sell-off in the world markets had a significant influence on the spatial autocorrelation of stock exchanges, according to the results of the Monte Carlo test of the functional Moran's I statistics. Positive spatial autocorrelation is visible in the stock exchanges' principal components. Regional clusters developed. Amid the worldwide market sell-off in 2015–2016. This study investigated if there was positive spatial autocorrelation in the data from the world's stock exchanges and demonstrated the value of as a technique for investigating spatial dependence.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.387
The functional data displaying geographical dependency are the main focus of this work. Using the functional Moran's I statistic, classical principal component analysis and functional areal spatial principal component analysis, the spatial autocorrelation of stock exchange returns for exchanges in 69 countries was examined. This study focuses on the time when the global stock market sold off and established that there is spatial autocorrelation among the stock exchanges under consideration. Before completing the traditional analysis, the stock exchange return data were transformed into functional data. Results of the functional Monte Carlo test The worldwide market sell-off had a significant influence on the spatial autocorrelation of stock exchanges, according to Moran's I statistics. Positive spatial autocorrelation is visible in the stock exchanges' principal components. Regional clusters developed before to and following.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.388
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.389
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2022.10.390
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.391
The transition to renewable energy is becoming increasingly important for economic growth in the 21st century. As global demand for energy increases, the world is looking towards alternative sources of energy that are more sustainable and less harmful to the environment. Renewable energy is the answer to these challenges, as it offers a sustainable, affordable and reliable source of energy that can power economies and create new industries. This article explores the role of renewable energy in economic growth and how the transition to renewable energy can benefit both developed and developing countries.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.392
Stock market returns have long been a subject of interest for investors and economists alike. The United States has one of the most developed and dynamic stock markets in the world and its movements can have far-reaching effects on the global economy. While many factors can influence stock market returns, one significant factor that has received increased attention in recent years is macroeconomic variable uncertainty. Macroeconomic variable uncertainty refers to the degree of unpredictability or ambiguity surrounding key economic indicators such as inflation, interest rates, and GDP growth. When these variables are uncertain, investors may be less willing to take risks, which can lead to increased volatility in stock prices. Uncertainty can arise from a variety of sources, including changes in government policies, geopolitical events, and fluctuations in commodity prices.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.393
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.394
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.395
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.396
The challenges in estimating the monetary effect of the travel industry referenced above have not kept researchers from concentrating on the impacts of the travel industry development on financial turn of events. Since Balaguer and Cantavella- defining work. The relationship between international tourism and economic growth and its causal direction have been extensively studied. This section of the literature is centered on the tourism-led economic growth hypothesis, which has its theoretical foundation in the export-led growth hypothesis-related literature. Global the travel industry is a non-standard sort of commodity, described by the way that the purchaser moves, not the item. Demonstrating the travel industry drove monetary development speculation would imply that travel industry could be one of the fundamental determinants of by and large lengthy run financial development. For this situation, a unidirectional causality from the travel industry to financial development would exist.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.397
Using the general equilibrium framework and the theory of finite change, the paper investigates the emergence and consequences of contract farming as a new subsector of agriculture in a small open developing economy. In this paper, we look at how a foreign contract farming subsector that makes money from crops enters a country's agricultural sector. For entry, the cash crop must be significantly more expensive than the food crop that is currently being grown in the country which raises overall economic welfare may result in a more skewed distribution of income decreases domestic food production, resulting in an increase in food imports and food insecurity. As a result, may imply a compromise between growth and inequality.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.398
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.399
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.400
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.401
Income inequality, defined as the unequal distribution of income among individuals or households within a society, is a complex and persistent issue that has significant implications for global economic development. The distribution of wealth and income has always been unequal throughout history, but the extent and consequences of income inequality have become increasingly prominent in recent decades. This essay will examine the causes and consequences of income inequality, focusing on its implications for global economic development. By analysing various economic and social factors, we can gain insight into the challenges posed by income inequality and the potential strategies to address them.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.402
Global financial institutions play a crucial role in the modern world economy, serving as intermediaries between borrowers and lenders, promoting investment, and facilitating economic development. These institutions, such as the International Monetary Fund World Bank, and regional development banks, provide financial assistance, policy advice, and technical expertise to countries across the globe. This essay aims to explore the influence of global financial institutions on economic development, examining their role in fostering growth, reducing poverty, and addressing economic challenges. Global financial institutions play a significant role in providing financial assistance to countries facing economic challenges. The International Monetary Fund (IMF), for example, offers loans and support programs to member countries experiencing balance of payment problems. These loans often come with conditions that require the borrowing nations to implement economic reforms, such as fiscal austerity measures or structural adjustments. While these conditions can be controversial, they aim to promote stability and sustainability in the long run, addressing underlying economic imbalances and enhancing the prospects for development.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.403
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.404
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.405
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.406
Global trade plays a pivotal role in the economic development of nations worldwide. Over the years, trade has served as a catalyst for growth, fostering prosperity, and facilitating international cooperation. The exchange of goods, services, and ideas across borders creates opportunities for countries to leverage their strengths, enhance productivity, and achieve sustainable development. This article explores the multifaceted role of global trade in economic development, highlighting its impact on GDP growth, employment, technological advancement, poverty reduction, and overall well-being.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.407
Sustainable development has become an imperative goal for nations worldwide in order to address pressing challenges such as poverty, inequality, climate change, and environmental degradation. To guide the global community's efforts towards sustainable development, the United Nations introduced the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015. These 17 interconnected goals aim to create a better future for all, encompassing economic, social, and environmental dimensions. In this essay, we will explore the SDGs from a global economic perspective, highlighting their significance, challenges, and potential for creating a more sustainable world.
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.408
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.409
DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2023.11.410
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DOI: 10.37421/2375-4389.2024.12.472
Journal of Global Economics received 1931 citations as per Google Scholar report
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