Jianqi Zhang
The 31st Nano Congress for Future Advancements hosted by Conference Series LLC was successfully held during June 12-13, 2020 as a Webinar and was marked with the presence of the committee members, senior scientists, young and brilliant researchers, business delegates and talented students from various countries, who made this conference successful and productive.
We extend our grateful thanks to all the momentous speakers, conference attendees who contributed towards the successful run of the conference
Nano Congress 2020 witnessed an amalgamation of peerless speakers who enlightened the crowd with their knowledge and confabulated on various latest and exciting innovations in all areas of Nanotechnology.
Nano Congress Organizing Committee extends its gratitude and congratulates the Honorable Moderators of the conference.
Conference Series LLC Ltd extends its warm gratitude to all the Honorable Guests and Keynote Speakers of “Nano Congress 2020”.
Conference Series LLC Ltd is privileged to felicitate Nano Congress 2020 Organizing Committee, Keynote Speakers, Chairs & Co-Chairs and the Moderators of the conference whose support and efforts made the conference to move on the path of success. Conference Series LLC LTD thanks every individual participant for the enormous exquisite response. This inspires us to continue organizing events and conferences for further research in the field of Nanotechnology
Conference Series LLC Ltd is glad to announce its “33rd Nano Congress for Future Advancements, which will be held during April 12-13, 2021 at London, UK. We cordially welcome all the eminent researchers, Presidents, CEO’s, Nanotechnology scientists and researchers in Nano sectors, Delegates to take part in this upcoming conference to witness invaluable scientific discussions and contribute to the future innovations in the field of Nanotechnology with 20% abatement on the Early Bird Prices.
Bookmark your dates for “Nano Congress 2021, London” as the Nominations for Best Poster Awards and Young Researcher Awards are open across the world.
Jianqi Zhang
Pr1-xZrxO2-δ (x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1) nanoparticles were synthesized by ultra-sound assisted coprecipitation. The crystalline structure, morphology and composition of the fresh prepared and thermally aged nanoparticles were analyzed by XRD, TEM and Raman spectroscopy. The oxygen storage capability (OSC) and thermal durability were examined by temperature programmed reduction (TPR). The oxygen storage and transport mechanism were evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) by correlating electrical conductance with lattice defects. The results indicate that Pr1-xZrxO2-δ nanocrystallized particles exhibit fluorite structured except ZrO2 nanoparticles with a typical tetragonal structure. The oxygen storage and release capability of both fresh prepared and thermally aged Pr1-xZrxO2-δ increases monotonously with increment of Pr concentration (or decrease in Zr) to a maximum value of 1200 [μmol/g] that corresponds to PrO1.833 (Pr6O11), indicating their superior OSC and thermal durability. Unlike conventional Ce1-xZrxO2-δ promoters, the oxygen storage, release and transport of Pr1-xZrxO2-δ nanocrylline solid solutions accompanies with a homologous series of phase transformations by the change in lattice defects of oxygen interstitials, electron holes and Pr3+ cations. Compared to Ce1-xZrxO2-δ, Pr1-xZrxO2-δ presents better OSC (x≤0.4), thermal durability and a different mechanism on oxygen storage and transportation. This study manifests that Pr1-xZrxO2-δ (x≤0.4) solid solutions can be used as better promoters for the three way catalysts (TWC) in lieu of Ce1-xZrxO2-δ.
Carla Palencia-Aguilar
Nanotechnology in the food industry could be used to fight against Covid-19 in three ways: 1.It can increase the immunological system because the process implemented herein concentrates vitamins, minerals, fiber, proteins, among others. 2. The products can be preserved for periods longer than 2 years without adding any chemicals. 3. The virus within the product will disappear because the molecular sieves are smaller than the virus (10-10 versus 10-9), and during the dehydration process, if Covid-19 is present in the unprocessed product, during dehydration, the molecular sieves and biopolymers will allow the virus to attach to their surface, thereafter, it is destroyed in the regeneration process when the sieves and biopolymers are placed in an oven at temperatures higher than 250oC. The molecular sieves and biopolymers are used as filters inside a vacuum chamber; temperature and pressure changes tuning, by trial and error until the desired characteristics are obtained are required to fulfill the process. Other advantages include: the system does not use any contaminant substances during the drying process, colour and smells are preserved and concentrated; the discharge is only limited to water vapour. More than 1000 products had been tested over a 12 years’ research. In addition, sub-products development could result from the recovery of wasted material such as toothpaste and calcium pills from egg shells, cosmetics from mangostine and shrimp peels, bromelain from pineapple stems, among others. Whenever sub-products’ development is not possible, the waste could be used for soil improvement by means of composting.
Doaa A. Abdelfadeel
Doxorubicin (Dox) is well known for its broad spectrum anticancer activity; however it suffers from severe toxicity. The primary goal of loading Dox in different nanodelivery systems is to decrease nonspecific organ toxicity.
Dox encapsulated liposome (Doxil) has been approved by FDA for ovarian cancer and Kaposi's sarcoma treatment in United States. However, the researchers are still going on to optimize the liposomes and to compare them to other types of nanoparticles.
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) have been the focus of many promising applications due to their unique properties, low cost, availability and biocompatibility. This study illustrates a simple, safe, low cost and ecofriendly technique for green synthesis of TiO2NPs from Aloe Vera leaves extract at different pH values. Doxorubicin was loaded in liposomes and conjugated to greenly synthesized TiO2NPs. Both formulas were fully characterized then they have been injected in mice bearing Ehrlich tumor and compared to aquous solution of Dox.Tumor volume measurments and histopathological examinationwere conducted. The results reveled that both formula of Dox were more efficient than aqueous Dox solution, however, Dox encapsulated in liposomes showed more efficiency in treatment of tumor.
Esma Nur Develi
Poly-lactide-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs), which are named as gold standard FDA, are conventionally produced using different methods none of which are suitable for industrial production. O/w or w/o/w emulsification process is the most common method, in which removal of the organic solvent needs an evaporation process in R.T. Furthermore this process needs employing toxic excipients to emulsify the organic phase in aqueous media which are not applicable in production of PLGA NPs in bulk scale.
Microfluidizer instruments (MF) with the principle of homogenization at high pressure, are very convenient devices for industrial production of ‘self-assembly, systems, including PLGA NPs. In the present study, PLGA NPs were synthesized using MF while the formulation parameters were optimized by application of Quality by Design (QbD) approach.
In the Central Composite Design (CCD) used for the optimization of PLGA NPs the variable parameters of MF were processing pressure and number of passes, while the formulation variables were PLGA amount (mg) and Tween80 amount (mg). 60 formulations were designed and the optimized formulation was chosen according to the responses including small particle size (PS), high zeta potential (ZP) and narrow Poly Dispercity Index (PDI). The o/w emulsion was prepared using a simple mechanical stirrer prior to MF process and the organic solvent (acetone) was evaporated using spray dryer.
In this study curcumin was used as active ingredient encapsulated in PLGA nano-micelles. As a result injectable, (PS less than 200 nm) and stable (ZP higher than -25 mv) PLGA NPs were obtained with a narrow PDI value (less than 0.2).
Felicia F. Bobinihi
The increase in the outbreak of new infectious diseases coupled with the increase in drug resistance pathogens have aroused the interest of chemists in the quest for new and effective compounds with improved pharmacological potentials. The recent pandemic ravaging the whole World called corona virus disease (COVID-19) is a typical example. It is proposed that antibiotics, anti-inflamatories and anticoagulants are the way forward to fight this dreadly virus because it is suspected from autopsies to be disseminated intravascular coagulation (Thrombosis) Nickel as an essential element for biological systems is very relevant in the search for novel compounds against infectious and drug resistance diseases and development of metal based pharmaceuticals and so, is very useful in the preparation of antibiotics. This work explores the versatility of dithiocarbamate complexes of Ni metal from different primary amines. The biological activities of the prepared nanoparticles were studied, and incorporated as nanosize particles in the matrices of Poly Ethylene Glycol (PEG) materials as nanocomposites to determine the improved activities over the bulk complexes based on the small size dimensions and nanoparticle drug delivery system. The slight alteration in their structures lead to great quantitative and qualitative changes in their activities which was observed in the metal sulphides obtained as they yielded anisiotropic nanoparticles. These changes could be ascribed to differences in the decomposition profile in the solvothermal process used for the nanoparticles synthesis. The different nanoparticles displayed interesting optical and structural properties, which are dependent on their morphology with a decrease in the average size as the chain length of the substituent increased . An increased in antibacterial and antifungal activities was also observed.
Guillermo Valdes Mesa
The convergence of nanotechnologies generates synergies among different technologies to say, nanotechnologies, neurotechnology, computers and biotechnology, these technologies must converge) itchier regulations, the application of medical devices in nanotechnologies should lead us to a link between the technical committee TC 210 and ISO technical committee 229 link that does not exist in our work in this moment In this do an analysis of the management of risk from an optical NC-ISO 14971 ). Studying the global trend in this respect as imported for manufacturers medical Devices worldwide. The convergences of technologies are a consequence of atomic precision, where the boundary between the biotic and abiotic mute blur the interaction. The interaction between nanotechnologies, biotechnology and informatics and communications (NBI) generates a synergy of unusual consequences of all is known that the industry of semiconductor)s is the one of greater precision that is atomic, the new medical devices that will be applied in the teranocis will dose Physical principles that will be governed under the laws of quantum mechanicsbut there are two problems that have not been solved even though they are one the non-existence of quantum biology and the transition from quantum to classical mechanics. On the other hand, the redefinition of the international system of units based on the universal constants that will be implemented by 2019 has a deficiency that is the second that redefirms implies redefinition of the meter the chain of traceability proposed for nanometrology presents a serious difficulty when putting the microcopy of atomic force wing of effect tunnel situation that is changing the verification of the Wiedemann-Franz law at atomic level yields a result where the phononic component is taken into account, a result that launches STM to the cusp of the chain of traceability above inclusive of interferometry.
Ibtihag Yahya
One of the most complex problems over the past decades is clinically approved cancer treatment methods because of the conventional methods side effects such as radiation, chemotherapy, and some medication. Correspondingly, in recent years and since 2010, the diagnosis and treatment of cancer have taken a great deal of interest, especially in the field of designing and developments of inorganic nanoparticles because of its unique properties such as thermal heating ability, surface functionalization, surface plasmon, absorption, and scattering properties. This study aims to compare strategies for using thermal therapy versus gold nanoparticles therapy. COMSOL Multiphysics was used to model both techniques by using electric current and bioheat transfer modules for ablation method and heat transfer in solid module for the gold nanoparticles method to treat a cancerous tumor that was discovered in the liver. This study's results of this computational modeling proved that using gold nanoparticles was examine the effectiveness of these particles as a heat source for hyperthermia in liver cancer therapy without affecting the surrounding natural tissue and damage it. This method can overcome the challenges faced by the ablation treatment method, such as hyperthermia and the inability to heat cancer cells locally and thus, limiting the heat within the tumor circumference very complex and difficult which is affecting the surrounding natural tissue and damage it. In conclusion, COMSOL Multiphysics was a very useful platform for modeling the hyperthermia treatment for cancerous cells necrosis over time.
Khalid E. Al Ani
In the last few years, much attention has been focused on research to prepare new generation of Poly (para – substituted styrene), and to study the irradiation, thermal and plasticization effects on stability of these new polymers. The photodegradation of irradiated solid films was studied by using UV – Visible, Fluorescence, FT - IR and TLC spectroscopic techniques. Irradiated pure and blended Poly (para – substituted styrene) solid films showed a gradual increase in the absorption intensity of the main band with the increase in the amount of blended plasticizers and increase in the irradiation time as well as the formation of new bands at longer wavelengths. The fluorescence spectra of irradiated polymers in solid films and in solutions of different polarity, showed a deformation in the fluorescence main band and the appearance of new bands at longer wavelengths, indication the distraction of polymer chains and the formation of new photo products through the formation of free radical reactions. The FT – IR spectra of irradiated pure and blended solid films, showed an increase or decrease of the polymer vibration frequencies, as well as a changes in numerous inferred bands intensities. The increase in the intensities of the analyzed ranges is attributed to the formation of carbonyl, hydroxyl, and aliphatic ketones and to the increase in the number of polyene structures that resulted from hydrogen abstraction during photodegradation reactions. The analysis of the Fourier-transform infrared spectra of the irradiated and nonirradiated samples showed a noticeable formation of a new broad band centered at (1,727 cm−1, C=O), assigned to the growth of aliphatic ketones formerly from the reaction of reactive alkoxy radicals. Its intensity was found to increase with the increase in irradiation time and also with the increase in the amount of added Terephthalate and phthalates plasticizer, indicating an increase in the efficiency of the photo degradation process. The analysis of fragments that resulted from the photo irradiation samples of PSP in solution, using electrospray ionization-ion trap (ESI). Where the separation and determination of the fragments which resulted from degraded polymer were studied by LC–ESI-MS in positive mode, and gave the best specificity and sensitivity for their detection. The positive ion (ESI-MS) spectra showed five main peaks of the total ion chromatogram (TIC). All the compounds that were resulted from the photodegradation of the irradiate polymer solution gave the protonated molecules [M + H+] after ionization in the electro spray source. The fragmentation ions showed the formation of monomer, dimmer and oxygenated organic compounds. Some kinetics work was applied to the results on fluorescence intensity of the excimeric emission to evaluate the quenching efficiencies and photo quenching rate constant by applying Al Ani – Hawi equation. Electrophilic substitution such as (Cl, and Br) in the para position of the polymer backbone should less stability towards UV – Irradiation, whereas, necluophilic substitution such as ( - H, -CH3, -OCH3, -OC2H5, -C6H5, α – CH3, α –OCH3, Phenyl and – C (CH3)4 should higher stability towards irradiation of plasticization. Among the para-substituted polystyrene, Poly (4- fluorostyrene) should a very high stability towards irradiation and plasticization that all polymers used in these studies. It is even more stable than polystyrene, The mechanism of the photodegradation of these irradiated polymers was found to started from abstraction of α – hydrogen atom from the phenyl group followed by a random chain scission in the polymer backbone. Proposed mechanism for the photodegradation of para-substituted styrene in solid films and in solution was based on the decrease or increase in the functional groups that appears from the FT – IR spectra of irradiated solid films.
Madhavi Swamy
Biomimesis is the science that incorporates or mimics the model; structure and working of nature.The working mechanisms of natural elements such as efficiency, durability, adaptability and self-healing capability have always intrigued designers and engineers. This scientific integration has been useful in solving complex real life problems mainly self-repairing abilities, multifunctional coatings, environmental exposure tolerance and resistance, energy crisis, etc. By studying this art of life we can enhance the working of our existing mechanical modules. For instance, maple seeds use aerodynamic principles to disperse themselves into the wind over long distances, they rotate while falling off and eventually this spin stabilises the descent even under the influence of strong wind velocities. The centre of gravity of the wing shaped seed is determined by the positioning of the heavy nut located at the base, which helps in maintaining a lift even with slow velocity. This technique has been used in developing helicopter blades, gliders, aircrafts and drones. Despite the technological advancements in the field of science, engineers and scientists are having difficulty in solving complex engineering and survival problems. Innovating with Bio inspired solutions will help us not only to solve such problems but also to address the concerns of climate change. This paper reviews the existing technologies used in biologically synthesizing the nanomaterials and their highly efficient properties. A thorough report on various categories of biomimetics will also be studied
Marwa Hassan
Curcumin, a natural compound present in turmeric, has a potential aptitude to suppress carcinogenesis in pre-clinical models. However, its therapeutic applications are constrained by its prominent metabolic instability as well as inadequate absorption. The current study was designed to enhance the curcumin bioavailability by exploiting the drug delivery systems; nanoparticles. Eleven groups of mice with six animals in each group were divided into: control group, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) group induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) injection, 2 groups treated with DEN plus high dose (50 mg/kg) and low dose (10 mg/kg) of free curcumin, 2 groups treated with high and low dose of free curcumin, nanoparticles control group, 2 groups treated with DEN plus high dose (3.3 mg/kg) and low dose (0.6 mg/kg) of nanoparticulate curcumin, and 2 groups treated with high and low dose of nanoparticulate curcumin. It was found that DEN administration significantly increased serum liver enzymes, VEGF, TNF-α, AFP, MDA, and NF-kB. Also, it decreased serum albumin and tissue antioxidant activities and caused severe histological changes in hepatic tissue. Oral treatment of DEN-injected mice with either high dose of free curcumin or the two tested doses of nanoparticulate curcumin resulted in a significant improvement of all the tested parameters and the histopathology of liver tissue. In conclusion, our results showed that the high dose of free curcumin and the two doses of nanoparticulate curcumin were effective in preventing DEN-induced HCC indicating that the nanoparticles improved curcumin bioavailability as they were effective in preventing HCC despite their enormouslylowdoses.
Nancy Healy
The United States has invested heavily in nanoscale science and engineering over the last 20 years. In 2001, the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) was established and was reauthorized in 2003 by the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Act. Over this period, the US has supported Nanotechnology R&D and education with $29 billion in support. As part of the nano R&D, the National Science Foundation established nationwide user facilities beginning in 1997 the the National Nanotechnology User Network (NNUN) and which is represented by the 16 site National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure (NNCI). In addition to supporting nanoscale research, these user facilities have also developed numerous education programs to help address the NNI’s Strategic Plan Goal #3: Develop and sustain educational resources, a skilled workforce, and a dynamic infrastructure. This presentation will discuss strategies that have been successful in developing a workforce pipeline from K through gray under the NSF-funded user facilities, especially those of NNCI. No discussion of nanotechnology education and workforce development would be complete without reference to the National Science Foundation funding of numerous nanotechnology education programs focusing on developing a nano-enabled workforce and an educated public that supports the safe development of nanotechnologies. This presentation will present examples of successful programs that have had nationwide impact not just under the NNUN - NNCI continuum but also other programs such as the Nanotechnology Applications and Career Knowledge program at Pennsylvania State University and the now sun-setted Nanoscale Informal Science Education Network.
Nancy Healy
Nanoscale science and engineering has advanced over the last decade at a very rapid pace. NanoCongress 2020 is addressing future advances in nanotechnology over a wide range of nano topics yet one “future area” is minimally addressed at this conference, and missing from most other nanofocused conferences e.g., - the future workforce needed to keep pace with this field’s growth. It has been estimated that by 2020 nanotechnology will need 2 million workers worldwide with another five million in supporting roles. Rocco and Bainbridge (2016) also ask: “What are the most pressing research and education issues? How can we develop a transforming national strategy to enhance individual capabilities and overall societal outcomes?” This presentation will discuss strategies that have been successful in developing a workforce pipeline from K through gray. In the US, the National Science Foundation has funded numerous nanotechnology education programs focusing on developing a nanoenabled workforce and an educated public that supports the safe development of nanotechnologies. This presentation will present examples of successful programs such as our Research Experience for Undergraduates. This program’s participants are part of a longitudinal study spanning back to 1997 and encompassing ~1500 students. Over half of these interns are in nanotechnology related fields and 90% in STEM. Some of these students have participated in a second year international program to develop globally aware researchers. To continue to be successful in creating and maintaining a nano-workforce it will be necessary to have joint efforts of academia, industry, and government.
Narmin Suvarli
Present work is focused on producing polymeric nanoparticles using aerosol photopolymerization – an eco-efficient, surfactant-free and continuous polymerization process with immediate formation of radicals without the need for heating. This technique is a good alternative to water-based emulsion polymerization processes towards the synthesis of spherical polymeric nanoparticles and nanocapsules, as well as nanostructured particles. In addition, the aerosol photopolymerization process has been used to produce organic-inorganic spherical nanocomposites (ZnO nanoparticles inside a polymeric matrix). The recent project is concentrated on adjusting this technique to produce polymeric hybrid nanoparticles with tunable diameter via thiol-ene polymerization. Advantages of thiol-ene chemistry (i.e. radical initiation, step-growth mechanism, fast polymerization, consumption of all monomers) are used to produce spherical polymeric nanoparticles with silver or gold nanoparticles inside. These hybrid nanoparticles can be an effective tool for cancer diagnostics and treatment.
The process follows an elementary protocol. A spray solution containing silver nanoparticles of chosen size, monomers (thiol and alkene), photoinitiator and the volatile organic solvent was atomized using commercially available pneumatic aerosol generators forming a droplet aerosol. Droplets were polymerized during the passage through photoreactor and converted into silver nanoparticles encapsulated into a polymeric network. Collected nanoparticles were functionalized with biomolecules using conjugation techniques for further means of application.
Seyma Bulut
In addition to the toxic effects of cancer chemotherapeutics on healthy cells, it is important to increase the effectiveness of these drugs by means of pro-oxidant polyphenols especially by considering their costly price in clinical use. Polylactic-co-glycocolic acid (PLGA), the most used one among polymeric materials, is a biomaterial commonly used in new drug delivery systems and approved by the FDA. In many studies, safety and efficacy of curcumin in prevention and treatment of cancer has been emphasized. NF-kB; is a transcription factor in regulation of many genes which are responsible of inflammation, immune response, proliferation and apoptosis. The increase in the level of reactive oxygen species due to stress affects the NF-kB transcription factor in the cell. A better understanding of the NF-kB structure and mechanism of action will play an important role in the reduction of cellular stress and hence the emergence of new approaches and mechanisms of action in eliminating the negative effects of stress. The investigation of the effect of PLGA-Curcumin Nano-formulation (Nano Curc) on the level of NF-kB subunits in cancer cells were investigated in this study.
The effect of Nano-Curc on the ratios of four sub-units of NF-kB including P65, P52, P50 and C-Rel were evaluated on MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines which were pre-treated with paclitaxel. P65 was the most supressed sub-unit by Nano-Curc which could be counted as the success of this nano formulation in decrease of inflammation at cancer tumor.
Sudip Chatterjee
The semiconductor super lattices (SLS) and nano wires have found wide applications in many electronic device structures and bio devices such as photo detectors, light emitters, avalanche photo diodes, compensatory transistors, tunneling devices, genetic diodes etc. The most extensively studied SL is the one consisting of alternate layers of GaAs and Ga1-xAlxAs, owing to its fabrication. The GaAs layers form the quantum wells, quantum dots, quantum wires and the Ga1-xAlxAs layers form the potential barriers. We wish to note that, the afore mentioned SLS have been proposed with the assumption that the interfaces between the layers are sharply defined with zero thicknesses so as to be devoid of any interface effects. As the potential form changes from a well (barrier) to a barrier (well), an intermediate potential region exists for the electrons. Thus the influence of the finite thickness of the interface on the carrier dispersion law becomes very important since, the carrier energy spectrum governs all the transport properties. In this paper, we shall investigate the DMR for the most interesting case which occurs in QWSLs of graded interfaces and compare the same with that of the constituent materials by formulating the respective one dimensional electron dispersion laws.
The above mentioned inversion layer (ILs) also produces the well-studied Shubnikov de has effect in different nano structured materials and have been found wide applications in the molecular and cell biology.
NG Kwan
Conference Series LLC Ltd hosted the “Biopolymers”, during August 03-04, 2020 at Zurich, Switzerland with the theme, “Solution for current & future global challenges Biopolymers 2020”, which was a great success. Eminent keynote speakers from various reputed institutions and organizations addressed the gathering with their resplendent presence.
We extend our grateful thanks to all the momentous speakers, conference attendees who contributed towards the successful run of the conference.
Biopolymers 2020 witnessed an amalgamation of peerless speakers who enlightened the crowd with their knowledge and confabulated on various latest and exciting innovations in all areas of Synthetic polymers and Organic polymers.
Biopolymers Organizing Committee extends its gratitude and congratulates the Honorable Moderators of the conference.
Conference Series LLC Ltd extends its warm gratitude to all the Honorable Guests and Keynote Speakers of “Biopolymers 2020”.
Conference Series LLC Ltd is privileged to felicitate Biopolymers 2020 Organizing Committee, Keynote Speakers, Chairs & Co-Chairs and the Moderators of the conference whose support and efforts made the conference to move on the path of success. Conference Series LLC LTD thanks every individual participant for the enormous exquisite response. This inspires us to continue organizing events and conferences for further research in the field of Organic polymers and Natural polymers.
Conference Series LLC Ltd is glad to announce its “11th World Congress on Biopolymers & Bioplastics. We cordially welcome all the eminent researchers, Natural polymers ,Organic polymers, polymer Associations, Biopolymer Researchers, Polymer Industry, polymer Scientists, polymer Engineers, polymer technology Engineers, Chemical Engineers, Biopolymer Organizations and Associations, Biopolymer companies, students and delegates to take part in this upcoming conference to witness invaluable scientific discussions and contribute to the future innovations in the field of Biopolymers with 20% abatement on the Early Bird Prices.
Bookmark your dates for “Biopolymers 2021” as the Nominations for Best Poster Awards and Young Researcher Awards are open across the world.
Abeer Abdullah Al Anazi
Nano Electro-Mechanical Systems (NEMS) integrate critical structural electrical and mechanical elements at or below 100 nm. This is miniaturization of the Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS), where the critical structural elements are on the micrometer length scale. Compared to MEMS, NEMS have smaller mass and higher surface area to volume ratio, which is advantageous for applications in manufacturing high frequency resonators and ultrasensitive sensors. Due to the promising potential applications of the emerging NEMS that is expected to have a major impact on our lives, research on NEMS reliability has been of crucial importance on the last decade. Aiming to provide an intuition and insight for researchers who are interested in reliability studies of NEMS, an extensive collection of researches were selected and integrated into this paper to cover the reliability issues of NEMS in different phases of their life cycles including design, manufacturing, logistics, and operation. The paper discusses failure causes on the nano-scales due mechanical, electrical, chemical, thermal factors, or combinations of them, which can occur during manufacturing and post-manufacturing phases. It also reviews common failure modes and mechanisms, the reliability aspects of design and manufacturing, as well as reliability evaluation and testing techniques for NEMS..
Kalpana Deevi1 and I.V Subba Reddy2
organic–inorganic metal halide perovskite materials are the new class of hybrid semiconductors with the general formula ABX3, where ‘A’ and ‘B’ are organic and inorganic cations and ‘X’ (Cl, Br and I) is the halide anion, respectively. The exceptional physical properties of hybrid perovskite materials like a tuneable band, high absorption coefficient, and long-range charge transport with high mobilities have brought about a surge of interest in the optoelectronic device community to seek hybrid perovskite materials as potential candidates for solar cell fabrication. A typical hybrid perovskite solar cell (PSC) device consists of the following six layers:
(i) FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) as transparent electrode,
(ii) c-TiO2 as electron transport material (ETM), which can additionally block the hole from reaching FTO,
(iii) Mesoporous TiO2 (mp-TiO2) to infiltrate light harvester and to extract electrons from it,
(iv) Hybrid perovskite material as light harvester,
(v) Hole transport material (HTM) to extract holes from perovskite and
(vi) Metal Au as back electrode.
The currently used HTM, Spiro-OMe-TAD slowly degrades the perovskite and also the material’s cost is significant. The alternative organic HTM is PEDOT:PSS which also has the stability challenges in ambient conditions. Therefore, there is a need to find a stable HTM. In terms of improved stability at low cost use of inorganic materials as HTM is a good choice.
In this current work, nanoparticles of inorganic oxide material, NiO is synthesized and characterized XRD and SEM, TEM to confirm the phase purity and morphology, respectively carry out the structural and microstructural characterization. Low temperature annealed Ni1-xO appears black in colour and absorbs a fraction of light in the visible region. With high temperature annealing optically transparent near stoichiometric NiO nanoparticles are obtained with a direct band gap of 3.81 eV. For the transparent near stoichiometric NiO nanoparticles a complete energy band diagram is determined and realized a suitable valence band edge to fabricated hybrid perovskite solar cells. By employing as prepared optically transparent NiO as HTM working semi-transparent perovskite solar cells are fabricated with a demonstrated photo conversion efficiency of 3.46%.
Evgenii Krasikov
As the service life of an operating nuclear power plant (NPP) increases, the potential misunderstanding of the degradation of aging components must receive more attention. Integrity assurance analysis contributes to the effective maintenance of adequate plant safety margins.
In essence, the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) is the key structural component of the NPP that determines the lifetime of nuclear power plants. Environmentally induced cracking in the stainless steel corrosion-preventing cladding of RPV’s has been recognized to be one of the technical problems in the maintenance of light-water reactors. Therefore, in the case of cladding failure, the problem arises of hydrogen (as a corrosion product) embrittlement of irradiated RPV steel because of exposure to the coolant.
The effects of neutron fluence and irradiation temperature on steel/hydrogen interactions (adsorption, desorption, diffusion, mechanical properties at different loading velocities, post-irradiation annealing) were studied. Experiments clearly reveal that the higher the neutron fluence and the lower the irradiation temperature, the more hydrogen-radiation defects occur, with corresponding effects on the RPV steel mechanical properties.
Hydrogen accumulation analyses and thermal desorption investigations were performed to prove the evidence of hydrogen trapping at irradiation defects. Extremely high susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement was observed with specimens which had been irradiated at relatively low temperature. However, the susceptibility decreases with increasing irradiation temperature. To evaluate methods for the RPV’s residual lifetime evaluation and prediction, more work should be done on the irradiated metal–hydrogen interaction in order to monitor more reliably the status of RPV materials.
Ignacia A Cancino
Bone defects remain an important clinical challenge to medical staff. When bigger bone defects are present, there is a need for placing a scaffold, so that cells can grow and differentiate [1]. Today, different types of bone grafts exist, and depending on its source, they can be natural or synthetic. Synthetic grafts (alloplastic) are ceramics widely available and with lower costs than natural bone grafts (autografts and xenografts) [2]. To allow bone regeneration, the bone graft should possess, among other things, porosity and mechanical properties similar to bone structures [3,4]. For these reasons, a calcium sulfate particle was designed with a geodesic semi-sphere and microporous shape and produced using binder jetting [5] technology. The particle’s shape allows its 3D stabilization creating free spaces so that bone regeneration can occur.
Considering all of the above, the particles were additionally processed so that they can increase their mechanical properties (elastic modulus and ultimate compressive strength), and decrease their solubility in physiological conditions for their use as bone grafts. This was done by impregnating the particles after they were heated at 200ºC for 10 min, with a biocompatible polymer. The results show that, the particles were able to keep their shape after being washed with physiological buffer at 37ºC and they increased 78 times their young modulus in average and and 45 times its ultimate compressive strength. Further tests need to be performed to have statistically robust results.
Imran Azmana, Jitima Preechawonga, Pornsri Sapsrithong and Manit Nithitanakul
This research explored on a new path of preparation the porous material by using combination of water in oil emulsion templating along with the supplementary of low intensity polymerization reaction. Poly(styrene/ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate)HIPEs were prepared by using a domestic microwave for fabricating the multiscale porosity material. The radical polymerization reaction was precursor at the lowest intensity of 10 watt resulted with prognosticated result towards the surface topography of poly(sty/edgma)HIPEs as the monomer and crosslinker respectively. The ratios of water and oil phase were varied with the constant concentration of crosslinker and stabilizer. The different in the oil phase resulting to the gradually increment of the pores size from 60.2 ð?m, 95.4 ð?m and 126.3 ð?m. Varying of the aqueous phase at 80%, 90% 92% and 94% with 2 wt% of surfactant showed n growing level of pore interconnectivity from 60.2 ð?m to 109.9 ð?m. Cellular morphologies of poly(sty/edgma)HIPEs were observed by using FE-SEM. In addition, to approbate the crosslinked poly(sty/edgma), ATR-FTIR were employed. It displays a distinct narrow peak around 770 cm-1 which explains the C-H stretching between the aromatic planar of styrene and carboxyl group of edgma. A preliminary result of absorption test was recorded for discovering the potential of poly(sty/edgma)HIPEs towards the dye absorption. Poly(sty/edgma)HIPEs with 90% volume of oil phase ratio were tested with varied concentration (g/cm3) of methylene blue and orange. It were appraised a positive results of dyes captivation in between of a week period. Poly(sty/edgma)HIPEs were furthered investigated by TGA/DSC and compression test.
Jevgenijs Jaunslavietis, Galia Shulga, Juris Ozolins, Brigita Neiberte, Anrijs Verovkins, Sanita Vitolina
Statement of the Problem: The biocomposites such as wood-polymer composite (WPC) have gained more attention in past years due to their sustainable, environment friendly nature. However, there are still many issues obtaining WPCs, mainly because of the poor compatibility between a hydrophobic polymer matrix and hydrophilic wood filler. The mechanical and wetting properties of WPCs depend on the polymer/filler interfacial adhesion, which represents one of the main problems since wood has a strongly polar structure, but the most polymer matrices are non-polar. The purpose of this study is to compare the treatment of aspen wood filler by acid hydrolysis at different temperatures and ammoxidation with the introduction of different amide groups in the filler for improving its compatibility with recycled polypropylene in WPC. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: aspen wood (Populus tremula) sawdust with a fraction less than 100 μm from Latvian wood mechanical processing company was used. The wetting behaviour and surface free energy of the treated wood particles were analysed using tensiometer Kruss 100M. The composite samples were extruded on a twin-screw extruder at 175oC and then injection moulded at 450 bars. Mechanical tests were carried out according to ASTM D638 and EN ISO 178. Findings: the effectiveness of the acid hydrolysis and ammoxidation of the wood filler for increasing the compatibility with the polymer matrix depend on the hydrolysis temperature and the content of the introduced amide bonds. Conclusion & Significance: Both treatments of aspen wood particles led to increased hydrophobicity of wood particle surface that positively impacted the mechanical properties of the obtained composite samples. With increasing the temperature of the mild hydrolysis from 60 oC to 90 oC, and the content of nitrogen form 1,05% to 2,1%, the mechanical properties of the composite samples have increased, but their wetting with water has decreased. The ammoxidation is a more effective method for modification of the wood filler for enhancing its compatibility with recycled polymer.
Muhammad Asim Raza and Sang Hyun Park
Herein, we developed poly (vinyl phenol) (PVP) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CH) based electron beam crosslinked hydrogrls for controlled drug delivery. Hydrogels were crosslinked at 15 kGY, 30 kGY and 45 kGY irradiation dose. Swelling analysis was performed in distilled water, buffer and ionic solutions. Swelling results revealed that 15 kGy hydrogel showed optimum swelling in all solutions wheras as the irradiation was increased networking got severe. In-vitro biodegradation test was performed for one week in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). FTIR analysis exhibited the establishment of physical interactions and confirmed the incorporation of functional groups present in the hydrogel. SEM micrographs depicted porous structure of the hydrogel, which is responsible for swelling and drug loading and release. Antibacterial test exhibited good antimicrobial characteristic aganist gram positive and negative bacteria. In order to analyze drug release behaviour of hydrogrls, PBS (pH= 7.4), SIF (pH= 6.8), SGF (pH= 1.2) were chosen and UV-Vis spectroscopy was used to calculate drug release (%).
Ngom B D
A novel green biosynthesis of the vanadium pentoxide@white hibiscus sabdariffa (V2O5@WHS) nano-flowers- like structures was successfully synthesized by solvothermal method. The X-ray diffraction analysis of the materials revealed the orthorhombic structure V2O5. No other peaks from the white hibiscus sabdariffa were observed in the XRD pattern which revealing the high phase purity of the V2O5@WHS material. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectrum of the materials exhibited the presence of V3+, V4+ and V5+ in the binding energies of the V2O5@WHS. The electrochemical performance of the electrode material was evaluated using a 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte. The specific capacity of the V2O5@WHS reached a value of 50.4 mA h g-1 at a current density of 0.5 A g-1. An asymmetric capacitor was also fabricated by adopting an activated carbon negative electrode obtained from the peanut shell waste as raw material and the V2O5@WHS as the positive electrode in 6 M KOH electrolyte. The hybrid capacitor of V2O5@WHS//AC displayed a high energy density of 33 W h kg−1 with a corresponding high power density of 470 W kg−1 at 1 A g−1 in a large voltage window of 0.0 - 1.7 V. The device also exhibited an excellent cycling stability with 87% capacity retention recorded for up to 20.000 constant charging–discharge cycles and an excellent ageing test at a specific current of 10 A g-1.
Noora Al-Qahtani1, Jiahui Qi2, Aboubakr M Abdullah3, Nicholas J Laycock4 and Mary P Ryan1
There are three contributing elements of corrosion of Carbon Steel in Hâ??S environment: the effect of H2S on water chemistry; electrochemical reactions of the bare iron surface (both anodic and cathodic processes); and the formation and growth of corrosion product layers. The electrochemical reaction commonly contains three stages: first, the reactant transported from the solution (bulk) to the metal surface; then the transfer of the charge reaction on the surface, followed by the reaction product transported away from the iron surface to the bulk solution or the formation and development of the corrosion product which then can decrease the corrosion rate. Development of a robust corrosion model to predict the corrosion process in H2S these requires a mechanistic understanding of all these elements.
An experimental study was carried out to assess the corrosion of C-steel under open-circuit technique conditions and in solutions at several ranges of time and temperatures. The effect of film composition, morphology, structure, thickness, and ion- concentration of corrosion product films formed on pipeline Carbon Steel in an acid sour solution were examined. The electrochemical behavior of the filmed steel was measured, and the film properties assessed using a range of advanced techniques including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy (RS). The data will be discussed in terms of film formation mechanisms.
Usman Asghar
The isoprene rubber is very much like natural rubber but made artificially or synthetically. Essentially similar to natural rubber in properties, this rubber may be somewhat weaker because it is not 100% the cis-isomer. This rubber is used in the same type of products as natural rubber. About 95% of isoprene production is used to produce cis-1,4-polyisoprene, a synthetic version of natural rubber. The growing demand for fuel efficiency and eco-friendly tires is driving the tire industry and in turn the demand for polyisoprene in the tire industry. The Isoprene Market was valued at USD 1.93 billion in 2015 and is projected to reach USD 2.96 billion by 2021. The isoprene demand in Pakistan will increase up to 24.8% from 2018 to 2025 reportedly. The isoprene market is increasing due to its increasing applications in tires, conveyor belts, hoses, molded rubber, and also in medical equipment such as gloves and balloons. Isoprene can manufacture from four different processes at commercial scale, but Isoprene from formaldehyde is the prevailing process in the industries. This process has disadvantage of low yield and by-products. So this process is further modified to improve the yield and the operating conditions. But still by-products are the main problems which decreases the selectivity and yield. To overcome these issues, manufacturing of Isoprene from propylene is studied in plant design project. It is found that this process has 65% yield and have selectivity of 95%. A cost Analysis was made after the design of different plant equipment, and it is found that a plant of 12000 tons per year has payback period of approximately 4 years.
Ahlem Bendaoued*, Mouna Messaoud, Omar Harzallah, Sophie Bistac and Rached Salhi
Ceramics Nano metric reinforced polymer composite is a significant material for catalysis, solar cells, production of hydrogen and energy applications, etc. In order to take benefit from the interesting mechanical properties and thermal stability of TiO2, this ceramic nanomaterial’s was synthesized by the Sol-Gel process in attempt to study the thermal stability, structure, and morphology of the resulting nanoparticles powders. The obtained results revealed that, the sphere is composed of 20-30 nm nanoparticles with excellent thermal stability of nano-TiO2, This work focused on the thermal characterization and the study of Nano composite xWt% TiO2/PP (x=0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 mol%). In this study, the obtained results revealed that the molar ratio of TiO2 influences the final thermal stability and degree of crystallinity of the composite. It was found that the use of TiO2 seems to be an effective and very promising way to increase the thermal properties of the resulting composite. The greatest degree of crystallinity (54.80%) and thermal degradation stability are obtained for composite reinforced by 7.5 Wt% TiO2.
Abirami Arthanari*, Kandhal Yazhini and S Rajeshkumar
Introduction: Lawsonia Alba is commonly known as Henna and abundantly available in tropical and subtropical areas. Lawsonia Alba is cultivated for the medicinal and cosmetic value of its leaves. The shrub’s stem bark, roots, flowers, and seeds have also been used in traditional medicine. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have a wide range of medicinal and diagnostic uses. Silver is one of the most common metal nanoparticles, owing to its antimicrobial and pharmaceutical properties. It is in the medical industry as topical ointments to prevent infection against burn and open wounds. Antioxidants are compounds that may shield the cells from free radicals, which may cause heart disease, cancer, and other illnesses.
Aim: In the present study, we aim to evaluate the antioxidants activity of Lawsonia Alba mediated silver nanoparticles.
Materials and methods: The research involved preparing Lawsonia Alba extract and 20 milli molar silver. Both were mixed and stirred using a magnetic stirrer for the synthesis of nanoparticles. These were tested for antioxidant activity by DPPH assay.
Results: The present study shows that the antioxidant activity of Lawsonia Alba mediated silver nanoparticles was seen to be increased as the concentration increased in a dose-dependent manner, hence it can act as a good antioxidant.
Conclusion: Lawsonia Alba mediated silver nanoparticles were proved to possess a strong level of antioxidant activity. The results of the study reinforce the opinion that medicinal plants are promising sources of potent antioxidants that may be useful for therapy.
Rafid A. Rasool Alobaidy* and Nawal A. Rajab
Nano suspension is a term that can be used to describe a colloidal dispersion of Nano sized droplets of the drug in an aqueous medium, with size below 1 μm. Drug nanoparticles are one of the most significant methods that reduce constituent part diameter and increasing surface area, leading to improve dissolution and oral bioavailability of hydrophobic medicines, which is enhances drug dissolution rate and bioavailability. Nanoparticles produced using appropriate techniques for drug delivery applications and administered via a variety of routes including oral, topical, parenteral, ophthalmic, and pulmonary.
Overactive Bladder (OAB) affects around 16% of adults and is more common as people become older. It causes a variety of symptoms, including urgency, incontinence, urine frequency, and nocturia. DH It is newly drug used to treat complicated OAB, it has a higher selectivity for the bladder's muscarinic receptors. After intravenous and immediate-release oral dose forms, it suffers from extensive first-pass metabolism with a short elimination half-life and ranging between three to four hours). The current research focused on creating an extended-release dosage form utilizing Eudragit RS100.
Solvent/anti-solvent precipitation method was used to make Darifenacine nanoparticles. A certain quantity of medication was dissolved in water miscible solvent (methanol), then poured at a specific speed into water containing stabilizer on a magnetic stirrer for half hour after that the resulted product solicated at 37°C for 15 minutes.
The physicochemical interaction among medication with additives was explored utilizing F.T.I.R and D.S.C, and the particle size as well as zeta potential of the generated Nano suspension was calculated.
Swornappan Mithra*, S Rajesh Kumar and Pratibha Ramani
Background: Nanotechnology is a new science that deals with the development of nanoparticles with various chemical compositions and sizes, as well as their application in health science for human benefit. We evaluated antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens and cytotoxicity using Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay of cinnamon and clove mediated gold nanoparticles based mouthwash.
Objective: The objective of the study is to evaluate antimicrobial activity and cytotoxic effect of cinnamon and clove mediated gold nanoparticles based mouthwash through an in vitro study.
Materials and methods: A total of 80 mL of 1 mm Gold chloride in distilled water were added to 20 ml of plant formulation. The active agent added was gold (III) chloride. In addition, a 0.3 gms of sodium lauryl sulfate, 0.3 gms of sucrose and 0.001 gms of sodium benzoate was added to formulate a mouthwash. Then this mouthwash was evaluated for its antimicrobial activity with estimating the zone of inhibition against oral pathogens and cytotoxic effect evaluated using Brine Shrimp Lethality assay (BSLA).
Results: Cinnamon and clove mediated gold nanoparticles were synthesized. Gold nanoparticles were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope and were 525 nm in diameter. Brine Shrimp Lethality was done and the cytotoxicity of theses gold nanoparticles was found to be increasing with increasing concentration of the administered gold nanoparticles. The ZOI was noticed the highest with streptococcus mutants showing 42 mm of ZOI at 100 μl, while the lowest ZOI for Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus showing 36 mm at 100 μl. The nauplii alive at 5 μl were 7, which was the highest and the lowest was 1 nauplii alive at 80 μl.
Conclusion: There was dose based cytotoxicity with cinnamon and clove mediated gold nanoparticles, so the study concludes that assessing the safety levels is critical prior to administering nanoparticles for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.
NPs are minute materials and they can be characterized into various classes dependent on their properties, shapes or sizes. The various types of nanoparticles are metal NPs, ceramic NPs, and polymeric NPs. NPs have exceptional physical and compound properties because of their high surface region and nano scale size. Their optical properties are accounted for to be reliant upon the size, which confers various shadings because of retention in the apparent district. Their reactivity, durability and different properties are additionally reliant upon their novel size, shape and construction, there is appropriate possibility for different business and homegrown applications, which incorporate catalysis, imaging, clinical applications, energy-based examination, and ecological applications. Weighty metal NPs of lead, mercury and tin are accounted to be extremely unbending and stable that their debasement isn't effectively reachable, which can prompt numerous ecological poison levels.
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In the realm of healthcare, nanomedicine has emerged as a powerful and promising field that combines the principles of nanotechnology and medicine. By harnessing the unique properties of materials at the nanoscale, scientists and researchers are revolutionizing diagnostics, treatment strategies and drug delivery systems. This article delves into the power of nanomedicine, showcasing its transformative potential and the ongoing nano revolution in medicine. Nanotechnology involves the manipulation and control of matter at the nanoscale, typically ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. At this scale, materials exhibit novel properties and behaviors that can be harnessed for medical purposes. Nanomedicine utilizes nanoscale tools, devices and structures to interact with biological systems at the cellular and molecular levels, enabling unprecedented precision and control. Nanomedicine has unlocked new horizons in diagnostics, offering highly sensitive and specific detection methods for various diseases. Nanoparticles, such as quantum dots and gold nanoparticles can be engineered to target specific biomarkers or tissues of interest. These nanoparticles act as probes, emitting distinct signals when interacting with the target, enabling early disease detection and accurate diagnosis. Nanosensors and nanoscale imaging techniques provide enhanced resolution and sensitivity, paving the way for personalized and targeted diagnostics.
DOI: 10.37421/2572-0813.2023.8.173
As the field of nanotechnology continues to advance, it brings with it a multitude of potential benefits across various industries, including electronics, medicine and energy. However, amidst the excitement surrounding nanotechnology's promises, there is a growing need to address equally important aspect nano toxicity. Nano toxicity refers to the potential adverse effects that nanomaterials may have on human health and the environment. Understanding and unraveling the dangers of nano toxicity is essential to ensure the safe and responsible development and application of nanotechnology. Nanomaterials possess distinctive properties due to their small size, typically ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. These properties, such as increased surface area, altered chemical reactivity and unique electromagnetic behavior, make nanomaterials highly desirable for various applications. However, these same properties can also contribute to their potential toxicity. The potential risks associated with nano toxicity primarily revolve around human health. When nanomaterials are inhaled, ingested or come into contact with the skin, they can enter the body and interact with cells and tissues. Due to their small size, nanomaterials can penetrate barriers that larger particles cannot, allowing them to reach sensitive areas such as the lungs, cardiovascular system and even cross the blood-brain barrier.
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In the vast landscape of nanotechnology, where groundbreaking innovations and promising applications abound, concerns about nano toxicity loom large. As the field of nanomaterials continues to advance, it is crucial to navigate this nano jungle with caution and ensure the safeguarding of human health and the environment. This article explores the concept of nano toxicity and highlights the importance of proactive measures to mitigate potential risks associated with nanomaterials. Nano toxicity refers to the potential adverse effects of nanomaterials on living organisms and the environment. The nano beast lurks within the tangled undergrowth of nanomaterials, demanding careful navigation to harness its power while minimizing risks. This guide provides a toolkit for researchers, engineers and regulators, offering practical strategies to tame the nano beast and ensure safe and responsible applications of nanotechnology. From risk assessment to mitigation measures, learn how to navigate the nano jungle with confidence and mastery. Calling all nano explorers this handbook is your indispensable companion for venturing into the uncharted territories of nano toxicity. Packed with essential knowledge, ethical considerations and best practices, it provides a comprehensive roadmap to ensure safe and responsible discoveries. Prepare to navigate the nano jungle with wisdom and integrity as you uncover the marvels of nanotechnology while safeguarding human health and environmental well-being.
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Nanorobotics, a cutting-edge field at the intersection of nanotechnology and robotics, represents a remarkable leap in technological advancement. This introduction provides an overview of nanorobotics, its fundamental concepts and the potential it holds for revolutionizing various industries. At its core, nanorobotics involves the design, fabrication and control of robots or machines at the nanometer scale, typically measuring in the range of billionths of a meter. These tiny devices operate on a molecular or cellular level, enabling precise manipulation and interaction with matter on an incredibly small scale. Nanorobots can be engineered to perform specific tasks, such as drug delivery, cell manipulation or environmental sensing, with remarkable precision and efficiency. The field of nanorobotics draws heavily from advancements in nanotechnology, which focuses on manipulating and studying materials at the nanoscale. Nanomaterials possess unique properties and behaviors that differ from their bulk counterparts, making them ideal building blocks for nanorobots. Through precise engineering and control, these nanorobots can perform complex tasks that were once considered unimaginable. The potential applications of nanorobotics span a wide range of industries, with healthcare being a particularly promising domain. Nanorobots have the potential to revolutionize diagnostics, drug delivery and minimally invasive surgeries. By navigating the intricate pathways of the human body, these tiny machines can precisely target diseased cells, deliver therapeutic agents or even perform intricate procedures at the cellular level. The precision and control offered by nanorobotics in healthcare hold the promise of improving treatment outcomes, reducing side effects and revolutionizing the field of medicine.
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Anisa Yaseen, A Vázquez-López, D Maestre, J RamÃrez-Castellanos, E S Marstein, S Z Karazhanov and A Cremades
In this work poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) dispersed in solvent (5wt.% Dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO & 0.1wt.% Triton X-100) has been studied in pure form and when functionallized with TiO2 nanoparticles. A preliminary characterization of bare PEDOT:PSS and romarchite TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized by hydrolysis were firstly carried out. PEDOT:PSS was deposited on n(FZ)-Si by spin coating method. The influence of a piranha pre-treatment on the Si surface has been evaluated in this work, as well as the effects due to the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles in the polymer. After achieving good adhesion and passivation of Si surface, the heterostructure has been characterized systematically by means of Raman spectroscopy using a He-Cd (λ = 325 nm) laser as excitation source, atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and photoluminescence (PL) spectra, and PL image. Spatial homogeneity of the film composition on surface has been achieved. Uniform defect distribution and presence of charged defects, material quality and vibrational structure have been studied. PEDOT:PSS thin film was obtained through solution process which involves adding a solvent additive and/or conducting post treatment at low temperatures. The film was obtained by static spin coating method on a n-type silicon substrate, followed by annealing of the film at 120oC for 10-15 min. The achieved PEDOT:PSS layer thickness was around to be ~100 nm with the average surface roughness of 3:5±0:5 nm measured by AFM. Charge carrier lifetime measured by PL-machine was found out to be between 264-375 µs. By four probe measurements, the sheet resistance was found out to be 338 â?¦/sq.
Pankaj
I am pleased to introduce International Journal of Nanosciences: Current Research (JNCR) which is an open access electronic journal aiming to provide an online compendium for Nano science Research & Technology. The interdisciplinary coverage of the Journal includes all the basic and applied research of Nano scale sciences with innovative Nanotechnology applications towards science, engineering and technology. We have been started in year 2016 Journal of Nanosciences: Current Research (ISSN: 2572-0813) is growing continuously. It is our pleasure to announce that during year 2019, all issues of volume 12 were published online on time and the print issues were also brought out and dispatched within 30 days of publishing the issue online.
All published articles of this journal are included in the indexing and abstracting coverage of Index Copernicus, Google Scholar, Sherpa Romeo, Academic Journals Database, Open J Gate, Genamics Journal Seek, Academic Keys, ResearchBible, Directory of Open Access Journals, VieSearch, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Electronic Journals Library, RefSeek, Directory of Research Journal Indexing (DRJI), EBSCO A-Z, OCLC- WorldCat, SWB online catalog, Publons, Advanced Science Index, Secret Search Engine Labs.
During the calendar year 2019, Journal of Nanosciences: Current Research received a total of 20 papers, out of which 10 articles were rejected in the preliminary screening due to plagiarism or being out of the format and peer review process. During 2019 around 10 articles were subjected for publication after they are accepted in the peer review process. In the 2 issues of Volume 4 published during the year 2019, a total of 10 articles were published (at an average of 5 articles per issue of which, articles were published from authors all around the world. A total of 25 research scientists from all over the world reviewed the 10 articles published in volume 4. Average publication period of an article was further reduced to 14-21 days.
During the calendar year 2019, a total of three Editors, ten Reviewers joined the board of JNCR and contributed their valuable services towards contribution as well as publication of articles, and their valuable reviewer comments will beneficial to publish quality of article in the Journal.
I take this opportunity to acknowledge the contribution of Editor-in-chief and Associate Editor during the final editing of articles published and bringing out issues of JNCR in time. I would also like to express my gratitude to all the authors, reviewers, the publisher, language editor, honorary editors, the scientific advisory and the editorial board of JNCR, the office bearers for their support in bringing out the new volume (Volume 5, Issue 3) of JNCR for the calendar year 2020 and look forward to their unrelenting support further to release more issues for Journal of Nanosciences: Current Research (JNCR) in scheduled time.
Diaz Cano Cesar Alejandro, Nava Mendoza Rufino and Campos Guillen Juan
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is of great importance because it ranges from laboratory tests, to diagnoses of viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases, inherited disorders and tumors, and even basic research. To provide reliable results, molecular biology techniques are used to extract it from prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells, but it is necessary to obtain pure and intact RNA biomolecules. Therefore, purifying the RNA is a critical step to obtain good quality RNA molecules (pure and intact). For these reasons, this thesis project will develop mesoporous silicas of the SBA-15 type functionalized with amino and mercaptan, as adsorbent materials for RNA purification. These functionalized mesoporous silicas that must have adequate textural properties (pore diameter in the mesoporous range of 7 nm and high surface area of up to 950 m2 / g) will allow the adsorption of RNA biomolecules on their surface through functional groups. Furthermore, these adsorbent materials are expected to purify RNA molecules with uniform size. In order to find an explanation for the behavior of adsorbent materials in RNA purification, they will be characterized by low angle X-ray Diffraction (SAXRD, Small-Angle X-Ray Diffraction), Raman spectroscopy, thermal analysis and gel electrophoresis.
Mohammad S Islam and Chun H Wang
Microcracks can occur in carbon fiber composite materials thanks to high thermal stresses induced by the massive difference of the coefficient of thermal expansion between the polymer matrix and therefore the carbon fibers. These micro-cracks can severely degrade the mechanical strength and gas permeability of composites, posing a big challenge to the utilization of fiber composites in liquid fuel tanks of launch vehicles. The aim of the study was to develop a multi-scale toughening method to deal with the micro-cracking problem by incorporating hybrid nano-scale materials to reinforce the fracture toughness and to scale back the coefficient of thermal expansion of the polymer matrix. Nanomaterials like nano-silica, graphene and metal oxide were selected supported their thermal properties and toughening effect. Tensile and Single Edge Notch Bending (SENB) testing of the polymer and nanocomposites were administered to review their tensile properties and bulk fracture toughness respectively, while Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) testing was administered to work out the critical energy release rate (GIC values) of the fiber-polymer laminates. The results show that nano-silica improved the fracture toughness of the composites while metal oxide nanoparticles provided the simplest improvement in thermal conductivity, lastingness, and fracture toughness.
Introduction: Carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials (CFRC) are getting used within the aerospace industry as a way of reducing vehicle weight. CFRC has advantages in high strength-to-weight and high stiffness-to-weight ratios. For future heavy-lift launch vehicles and space exploration structures, advanced lightweight composites are going to be fully utilized so as to attenuate vehicle weight, and CFRC in space applications requires rigorous development to demonstrate robustness, durability, and high factors of safety. the longer term heavy-lift launch vehicles require extremely high propellant mass fractions to realize the designed performance. This drives the designers to include lightweight materials into as many structures as possible. Propellant fuel tanks account for an outsized proportion of the launch vehicles, both structural mass and geometric space. Approximately 60% of the dry mass of a launch vehicle is that the fuel and oxidizer tanks. The implementation of composite cryogenic propellant fuel tanks (cryotank) for future heavy-lift launch vehicles could greatly reduce the vehicle’s weight by replacing the identically sized cryo tanks constructed of metallic materials. United States’ Committee on Materials Needs and R&D Strategy for Future Military Aerospace Propulsion Systems reported that composites offer the potential for the best mass reduction of all of the materials for the tank. For the case of Delta IV heavy-lift launch vehicle, as shown, compared to Li-Al fuel tank, the load saving of upper stage composite cryo tanks was 43 and 26%, respectively. additionally, composite design could reduce fabrication costs. Delta II faring, Delta III faring, and interstage production data have shown that composite launch vehicle structures are less costly than metal ones. Graphite-epoxy composite cryogenic tank development began at Boeing (then McDonnell Douglas) in 1987 and continues today, primarily for reusable launch vehicles (RLV) and heavy-lift vehicles. The cryogenic tanks are the dominating components of the vehicle structure. to realize a weight reduction of the next-generation launch vehicles, carbon fiber reinforced polymeric based composites are being explored for the cryogenic liquid fuel tank. A composite cryo tank structure can save 30% by weight than lithium aluminum alloy.
Amira Abdelrasoul
Clean water as basic human need isn't available to 1.4 -1.8 billion people round the world. it's essential to DC research trends toward sustainable water and wastewater treatment technologies which will solve the prevailing industrial and environmental issues, especially when it involves solutions which will be successfully commercialized on the worldwide scale. Membrane applications are the foremost effective and sustainable methods of addressing environmental problems in treating water and wastewater to satisfy or exceed stringent environmental standards. Nevertheless, membrane fouling is one among the first operational concerns that's currently hindering its widespread application. Her major research focus is to optimize synthesis of biomimetic membranes designed with antifouling, and selective permeation which will pave the way for the assembly of unpolluted water.
Sustainable energy is that the key solution for addressing major concerns about the longer term like global climate change, environmental protection, and balanced growth of the economy and society. The past 20 years have witnessed advancement in economic development in many nations. However, the rapid economic process , industrial advancement, energy shortage, deterioration of the environment and increasing demands of growing populations pose an enormous threat for future generations. for several years, economic development has been the key focus of the many policy makers in sustainable development until the inception of the Kyoto protocol agreement in 1997, which incorporates environmental quality as an important variable for sustainable development. With global energy consumption and electricity demands expected to double within the next twenty-five years, major opportunities for innovation in how energy is produced, stored, transmitted and used have begun to open up. especially, there's an enormous interest in sustainable energy technologies capable of improving efficiency and reducing the worldwide carbon footprint.
The development of sustainable energy is, however, restricted by various factors, like the supply of natural resources thanks to regional differences, sensitivity to the environmental impacts of fossil-fuel based energy, increasing water scarcity, and differing economic policies. Development of an approach to sustainable energy that addresses environmental concerns, greenhouse emission emission, cost, availability of resources, and social impact may be a huge challenge. The key focus for attaining energy sustainability is to scale back and slowly replace power generation by fossil fuels with renewable energy sources. Though some aspects of this sustainable approach are being adopted, there are others yet to be translated at a billboard scale. as an example , major concerns about CO2 (CO2) emissions in traditional fossil fuel-based power generation has paved the way for several sustainable energy sources like wind and solar, alongside CO2 capture and sequestration technologies. aside from this, there's a growing recognition of technologies like cogeneration plants, where a mixture of techniques contributes to reduced water demand while generating energy, leading to effective water use to satisfy the demand. Water and energy are the 2 key aspects for sustainable development for the longer term.
N. J. Suthan Kissinger
Energy storage capacity, conversion efficiency with clean power to the environment makes PEC photovoltaic cell to seek out potential applications within the field of energy. Suitable bandgap and high stability make CdSe (Cadmium Selenide), a promising material for photovoltaic cell applications. Also, the performance of CdSe based devices is influenced by doping with suitable material. In our present work beam (EB) evaporation method was employed to deposit CdSe and Indium doped CdSe (with In concentration of 25, 50 and 75%) thin films at different substrate temperatures and therefore the films were optimized for the preparation of (Photo electrochemical) PEC solar cells. The EDX analysis shows the rise within the percentage of indium with the rise within the concentration of doping and therefore the X-ray analysis shows the shifting within the peak position which confirms the incorporation of indium. The grain sizes were found to be within the range of 20-24 nm and it's found to decrease with a rise in concentration. The calculated energy gap value decreased with increase in concentration. PEC photovoltaic cell is fabricated using CdSe: In films prepared by EB technique with a thickness of 400 nm and substrate temperature of 100°C. The I-V studies performed under the illumination of 100 mW/cm2 and it's found that the 25% of indium in CdSe showed an efficiency of two .66% and fill factor of 0.41.
There is an incredible interest within the physical and chemicalproperties of nanocrystalline thin ï¬lms on the idea of quantum conï¬nement effects. Tuning of the band gap by changing the parti-cle size and consequent band edge luminescence over the entire visible range has been utilized in optoelectronic devices, biolabeling etc. Thin ï¬lms of II–VI semiconductors are of considerable interest due to their excellent optical properties within the visible range. Metal selenide thin ï¬lms offer a variety of optical band gap energies suitable for various optical and optoelectronic applications. CdSe may be a widely used semiconductor whose band gap (Eg= 1.7 eV) lies within the solar power spectrum. it's one among the prom-ising semiconducting materials that are studied for application in solar cells, thin ï¬lm transistors, gamma-ray detectors, photodetection and optoelectronic applications. CdSe can exist in either zincblende (cubic) or wurtzite (hexagonal) modiï¬cation in solid state.
Doped semiconductor nanoparticles are studied exten-sively due to their excellent luminescence properties. Dop-ing may be a widely used method to tailor the electrical and optical properties of semiconductors. Major attention has been given in recent years to the investigation of electrical and optical proper-ties of doped CdSe thin ï¬lms so as to enhance the performance of the devices and also to ï¬nd new applications. Various methods have been reported to organize In doped CdSe thin ï¬lms.
Riny Yolandha Parapat*, Imam Aschuri, Jono Suhartono, Michael Schwarze and Reinhard Schomäcker
The number of cars continues to increase due to the worldwide economic growth. This gives an impact not only on the condition of the roads, but also on the accumulation of tire waste. Research on improving the quality of road asphalt by utilizing crumb rubber (CR) from car tires has been carried out by many researchers and has given positive results. However, each researcher suggests a different composition of CR to get the best quality of asphalt rubber. This study provides an overview and prediction regarding the efficiency of Nano Asphalt Rubber (NAR) production by using Central Composite Method (CCM) and Response Surface Method (RSM). This work can give an idea to the researcher or decision maker of how much CR should be added in asphalt mixture to get the optimum result, especially when using Asbuton as the bitumen source. The results of the optimization using the CCM and RSM in Minitab® i.e. regression equations, contour plot and surface plots, can be used to see the Yield range of AR production. The NAR production is carried out by extracting the Asbuton (in-situ) with ultrasonication technique and mixing it with CR according to a 5-factors full factorial design. The result shows that the highest NAR Yield in the optimization process can reach 99.9%.
Paolo Di Sia
Abhishek Mathur, Bina Pani Gupta and Vandana Shrivastava
The genus Trichoderma and its metabolites are meant for antimicrobial activity against the microbial strain and thus it's considered to be natural antimicrobial agents. Silver is additionally referred to as an antimicrobial agent and is employed in several antimicrobials and medications. within the present investigation, the nanoparticles were prepared both of Trichoderma and Ag+ separately and further fused Trichoderma and Ag+ nanoparticles were also prepared. Trichoderma harzianum secretes secondary metabolites which act as a capping and reducer. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNps) were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission microscopy (TEM). UV-Vis spectra of silver and Trichoderma nanoparticles showed absorption spectra at 450 nm and 430 nm, respectively while fused nanoparticles showed absorption spectra at 415 nm like the surface Plasmon resonance of silver nanoparticles. the dimensions and morphology of the fused nanoparticles decided by TEM, which shows the formation of spherical nanoparticles within the size range of 8-24 nm. The Trichoderma-fused silver nanoparticles were assessed against pathogenic microorganisms viz., Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, typhoid bacillus (PTCC 1609), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans . The antimicrobial effect of silver nanoparticles against the pathogenic microorganisms was varied. Yet typhoid bacillus followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were more sensitive and Acinetobacter baumannii was relatively less sensitive. additionally, the antimicrobial effect of Trichoderma-fused silver nanoparticles depends not only on the property (such as formation of free radical) but also trusted their shapes and sizes.
The anamorphic fungal genus Trichoderma (Hypocreales, Ascomycota) is cosmopolitan in soils and on decaying wood and other sorts of plant organic matter. Trichoderma species were among the foremost cosmopolitan and customary fungi in nature and exist in climates starting from the tundra to the tropics. this might be due to their diverse metabolic capability and aggressively competitive nature. Rapid growth rates in culture and therefore the production of various spores(conidia) that were mostly varying reminder green characterize fungi during this genus. A growing number of teleomorphs in Hypocrea are linked to commonly occurring Trichoderma anamorphs, but most strains of Trichoderma were classified as imperfect fungi because they need not been related to a sexual state. Interestingly, Hypocrea/Trichoderma spp. were even ready to induce systemic resistance, which is characterized by the occurrence of disease control within the plant at a site distant from the situation of Hypocrea/Trichoderma. Trichoderma species are described as biological control agents against fungal and bacterial pathogens. They stimulate the production of low-molecular-weight compounds that have antimicrobial activity like e.g. phytoalexins which were normally produced by plants in response to an attack by pathogens. A large were a of interest in biocontrol is that the reduction of plant diseases caused by soil-borne and foliar plant pathogenic fungi. Roughly 70% of all the main crop diseases were caused by fungi, or the fungus-like Oomycota. Notorious examples were species belonging to the genera Rhizoctonia, Botrytis, Phytophthora, Pythium, Sclerotinia and F sarium. Most of the formulations of commercially available biocontrol products against plant pathogenic fungi contain the bacteria Pseudomonas and Bacillus or fungi belonging to the genus Hypocrea/Trichoderma. Hypocrea/Trichoderma spp. produces a good range of enzymes for degradation of homo- and hetero-polysaccharides, which were designative for his or her broad spectrum of substrate utilization and their ubiquitous occurrence in nature. Furthermore they possess a good spectrum of proteases which help them within the defense of their habitats and therefore the competition for nutrients with other microorganisms. Biological synthesis of metal nanoparticles involving the utilization of microbes is straightforward, costeffective and eco-friendly technique. These nano-particles were effective, bio-compatible and bio-degradable.
C Bor Fuh
Biomarkers are widely utilized in clinical research and practice as references for medical diagnoses and coverings of cancers. the number of biomarkers are generally very low in healthy persons. A detection method with high sensitivity and selectivity is important to biomarker applications. An enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) has been a widely used method for biomarker detections. However, it's a time consuming and laborious method even with its high sensitivity and selectivity. Thus, it's desirable to enhance it with an alternative method. Magnetic immunoassay can provide an alternate method of ELISA with advantages of rapidity, sensitivity, and selectivity for biomarker detections. the main advantages come from the simple and fast response of magnetism with high selectivity of antibody. Magnetic immunoassay using multifunctional nanoparticles has great potential in biochemical analysis. This presentation would show several biochemical analyses using bio-functional nanoparticles with emphasis on magnetic immunoassay in thin channels and micro-plates. Several model biomarkers would be wont to demonstrate the applications of this system. This detection limit is substantially lower and therefore the linear range is considerably wider than those of ELISA and other immunoassay methods. The differences between this method and an ELISA in biomarker measurements of serum samples were but 12%. The proposed method demonstrates favorable detection of biomarkers with advantages of speed, sensitivity, selectivity, and throughput.
The discovery of varied biomarkers and therefore the emergence of their clinical significance has given impetus to further changes within the constantly evolving field of health care. Specifically, biomarkers became active players instead of mere catalysts within the paradigm shift from treatment-based medicine towards preventative medicine. With the latter placing stress on the first detection and monitoring of diseases, biomarkers are being employed during a sort of methods and standards. In fact, consistent with the National Institutes of Health, biomarkers are “a characteristic that's objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention”. the first detection of cancer and development of personalized detection and treatment modalities, as an example, could become possible through the utilization of such biomarkers, thereby underscoring their crucial role within the continuing development of drugs. including recent developments within the field of nanotechnology, biomarkers and their use within the detection of varied diseases will only still grow.
Immunomagnetic assays, especially, ask for the identification of the target analyte (eg, antigen) via capture moieties (ie, antibodies, ligands, nucleotides) conjugated onto the surface of magnetic particles. Specifically, the capture moieties detect the specified target (ie, protein biomarker, DNA, RNA) for subsequent separation from the remaining solution via an easy magnet, and consequently, for various methods of analysis. The noninvasiveness and straightforward nature of this method continue to enable the widespread use of magnetic particles. Furthermore, the high surface-area-to-volume ratio of the particles confers a correspondingly high probability of interaction with target biomarkers and essentially increases the efficiency of the system. the steadiness of the particles in various chemical environments works to further increase their use across a good range of applications. Additionally, the three-dimensionality of particles in a solution is often wont to increase the gathering and separation efficiency of biomarkers; the utilization of conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, on the opposite hand, is restricted by their two-dimensional approach to biomarker targeting. Finally, magnetic particles are often surface-functionalized and conjugated with other nanomaterials, including gold particles, quantum dots, and protein nanocages, to get a platform for the highly-sensitive quantification of biomarkers.
Marta Perez-Lloret, Nino Marino, Anna R Blanco, Alessandro Venuta, Fabiana Quaglia and Salvatore Sortino
Global health organizations are concerned about the multi-drug resistance (MDR). This phenomenon is presumed to line off one among the foremost important health crisis in our history. Because of the misuse of antibiotics, along side the capacity of microorganisms to adapt them to survive in hostile conditions, traditional antibiotics are getting obsolete. Here in born the necessity to make smart material acting as antibiotics. a stimulating approach to defeat this issue is that the production of cytotoxic species, like NO, singlet oxygen and warmth , which don't present MDR. Some advantages of light-triggered production of cytotoxic species are its good spatiotemporal release control, fast reaction rates and therefore the absence of residues after the reaction. A hybrid compound was specifically design and produce in our group, containing a coumarin (fluorescent marker), linked to a NO-photodonor and posteriorly incorporated into poly (lactic- co-glycolic acid)-based (PLGA) film. it's expected to watch a fluorescence-quenching effect between the NO-photodonor and therefore the fluorophore through Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET). After the NO release, no energy transfer occurs, resulting in the revival of fluorescence of the coumarin. because of the transparency of this biocompatible polymeric film, after the NO release, fluorescence emission will allow us to watch indirectly its release by fluorescence imaging. The importance of monitoring NO photo-production resides in its dosagedependent effect. A relation between irradiation time and death rate was proved during antibacterial tests.
For an extended time, gas (NO) has been considered only an atmospheric pollutant. In fact, NO plays important roles within the physiological activities of animals, plants, and microorganisms. NO is an endogenously synthesized diatomic molecule with a radical character that exists in various tissues and cells of the physical body and is widely involved within the regulation of the many physiological and pathological processes. Within the 1980s, Murad, Furchgott, and Ignarro discovered that NO is an endothelium-derived relaxing factor which may dilate blood vessels, thus regulating vital sign. This research aroused great interest among researchers, and within the ir later researches NO was identified to be an important signaling molecule for the regulation of the many physiological activities in the physical body . NO was selected as Science Magazine’s Molecule of the Year in 1992. In October 1998, Furchgott, Ignarro, and Muard won the Nobel prize within the field of physiology and medicine for his or her outstanding add NO research. Since then, the keenness for researches on NO has almost reached the height, and it's been increasingly valued in biology and medicine. NO was selected as Science Magazine’s Molecule of the Year in 1992. In October 1998, Furchgott, Ignarro, and Muard won the Nobel prize within the field of physiology and medicine for his or her outstanding add NO research. Since then, the keenness for researches on NO has almost reached the height, and it's been increasingly valued in biology and medicine. To sum up, the roles played by endogenous NO within the physical body are as follows: (i) NO may be a n endothelium-derived relaxing factor that relaxes vascular smooth muscle and prevents platelet aggregation; (ii) NO is a reverse messenger of nerve conduction and plays a crucial role within the process of learning and memorization; (iii) when activated upon phagocytosis and stimulation, macrophages release NO as toxic molecules that kill foreign invading microorganisms and tumor cells; (iv) as a radical , NO can damage normal cells, which plays a crucial role in myocardial and brain ischemia–reperfusion injuries; and (v) NO can regulate the inflammatory reaction and cell proliferation processes, which are key to the wound healing process.
Warm Welcome to all as we affably invite you to be a part of 26th International Conference on Advanced Materials & Nanotechnology on November 15-16, 2021 in Madrid, Spain.
The congress can highlight the theme “Exchange of Technological Advances in the field of Advanced Materials & Nanotechnology” to assemble the researches, scientists, academicians and industrialists from round the world and additionally to line a standard platform for discussion and exploring recent advances in technology.
The 2 days in Nov are going to be extremely interactive once all the aspiring minds of the Advanced Materials & Nanotechnology can move to refine the structure of technology. You may be at liberty to succeed in North American country and share your thoughts to continue your long learning and rest on the talents that cause you to successful.
Advanced Materials 2021 conference paves a platform to globalise the analysis by putting in a dialogue between industries and tutorial organizations and information transfer from analysis to trade. Advanced Materials 2021 aims in proclaim information and share new ideas amongst the professionals, industrialists and students from analysis areas of technology and every one the connected disciplines to share their analysis experiences and cherish interactive discussions and special sessions at the event. Events embrace hot topics shows from everywhere the globe and skilled networking with industries, leading operating teams and panels. Meet Your Objective business with people from and round the globe focused on looking for regarding technology, this can be the simplest probability to attain the most important assortment of members from all over throughout the globe. Conduct shows, disperse knowledge, meet with current, build a sprinkle with another product providing, and acquire name acknowledgment at this occasion.
We predict around 50+ Speaker and 100+ delegate participants excluding the scholars for our Conference. The gathering of international specialists and investigators in city can lead the conference discussion to the extent of exploring the new happenings, work on the case studies, and innovating the reality behind the technology.
Enrol currently to be gift the sessions on Advanced Materials and practical Devices, Composite Materials, Magnetism and Multiferroism, Nano Materials, Nano Structures, Carbon Nanostructures and Graphene, Spintronics, Nanoparticle Synthesis and Applications, Optical Materials and Plasmonics.
This conference can facilitate the attendees in building a robust skilled network by facilitating a contemporary perspective of ideas, information in recent advancements, one-on-one engagements and streamlining of techniques. Advanced Materials 2021 is organized beneath the assumption that one-on-one interactions and discussions open door to innovations and inventions. We have a tendency to square measure proud facilitators of such a chance.
Meet Your Objective business with people from and round the globe focused on looking for regarding chemical compound science and Engineering, this can be the simplest probability to attain the most important assortment of members from all over throughout the globe. Conduct shows, disperse knowledge, meet with current, build a sprinkle with another product providing, and acquire name acknowledgment at this occasion. wide acclaimed speakers, the newest ways, strategies, and therefore the most up to this point overhauls in chemical compound science and Engineering square measure signs of this meeting.
The conference has voluminous scientific sessions, workshops, public speaking, poster presentation, video presentation etc.
Make your footprint within the Advanced Materials 2021 conference to explore the analysis and advancement techniques in nanotech at city, Madrid.
For further queries reach us on:
Sincerely
Richard Green
Program Director | Advanced Materials 2021
Email: adavancedmaterials@materialsconferences.com
Phone: +44-2033180199
WhatsApp: +44 7480-727986
Prestigious Award for Young Research’s at Advanced Materials 2021 - Discovering New Exploration in Advanced Materials & Nanotechnology field.
Advanced Materials Conference Committee is glad to announce “26th International Conference on Advanced Materials & Nanotechnology” November 15 -26, 2021 in Madrid, Spain by focus on the theme: “Exchange of Technological Advances in the field of Advanced Materials & Nanotechnology” Advanced Materials 2021 developments are maintaining their momentum. Advanced Materials Conference program delves into strategic discussions.
Advanced Materials 2021 Young Scientist Awards:
Advanced Materials Conference Committee is intended to honour prestigious award for talented Young researchers, scientists, Young Investigators, Post-Graduate students, Post-doctoral fellows, Trainees, Junior faculty in recognition of their outstanding contribution towards the conference theme. The Young Scientist Awards make every effort in providing a strong professional development opportunity for early career academicians by meeting experts to exchange and share their experiences on all aspects of Advanced Materials & Nanotechnology.
Young Research’s Awards at Advanced Materials 2021 for the Nomination: Young Researcher Forum - Outstanding Masters/Ph.D./Post Doctorate thesis work Presentation, only 25 presentations acceptable at the Advanced Materials 2021 young research forum. .
Guidelines for Young Researchers Forum Benefits
Young Scientist Award recongination certificate and memento to the winners.
Our conferences provide best Platform for your research through oral presentations.
Learn about career improvement with all the latest technologies by networking.
Young Scientists will get appropriate and timely information by this Forum.
Platform for collaboration among young researchers for better development.
Provide an opportunity for research interaction and established senior investigators across the globe in the field.
Share the ideas with both eminent researchers and mentors.
It’s a great privilege for young researchers to learn about the research areas for expanding their research knowledge.
Eligibility
Young Investigators, Post-Graduate students, Post- doctoral fellows, Trainees, junior faculty with a minimum of 5 years of research experience
Presentation must be into scientific sessions of the conference.
Each Young Researcher / Young Scientist can submit only one paper (as first author or co-author).
Age limit-Under 35yrs
All submissions must be in English.
Advanced Materials 2021 provides best platform to expand your network, where you can meet scientists, authorities and CROs from around the world. It’s your time to grab the opportunity to join Advanced Materials 2021 for promoting your research article and to facilitate prestigious award in all categories. In this fame, we look forward for your contribution and astonishing dedication to make our Advanced Materials 2021 more successful.
Journal of Nanosciences: Current Research received 387 citations as per Google Scholar report
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