DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2022.13.494
Spatially fractionated radiotherapy has been displayed to significantly affect the invulnerable framework that vary from customary radiotherapy (CRT). We looked at a few parts of the invulnerable reaction to CRT comparative with a model of spatially fractionated radiotherapy (RT), named microplanar radiotherapy (MRT). MRT conveys many grays of radiation in submillimeter radiates (top), isolated by non-transmitted volumes (valley). We have fostered a preclinical strategy to apply MRT by a business little creature irradiator. Utilizing a B16-F10 murine melanoma model, we originally assessed the in vitro and in vivo impact of MRT, which exhibited huge treatment prevalence relative over CRT. Strangely, we noticed irrelevant treatment reactions when MRT was applied to Rag−/− and CD8-drained mice. An immuno-histological examination showed that MRT enrolled cytotoxic lymphocytes (CD8), while stifling the quantity of administrative T cells (Tregs). Utilizing RT-qPCR, that's what we saw, contrasted with CRT, MRT, up to the portion that we applied, essentially expanded and didn't soak CXCL9 articulation, a cytokine that assumes a critical part in the fascination of enacted T cells. At long last, MRT joined with against CTLA-4 removed the growth in portion of the cases, and prompted delayed foundational antitumor resistance.
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2022.13.495
The quick development of hostile to growth specialists encapsulates a more profound comprehension of disease pathogenesis. Until this point, chemotherapy, designated treatment, and immunotherapy are three mainstays of the world view for malignant growth treatment. The outcome of safe designated spot inhibitors (ICIs) infers thatrestoration of insusceptibility can effectively control cancer development, attack, and metastasis. Be that as it may, just a small portion of patients benefit from ICI treatment, which turns the focus on creating safe restorative procedures to beat the issue of an unsuitable reaction. Sub-atomic designated specialists were intended to kill disease cells with oncogenic transformations or transcriptional targets. Intriguingly, amassing smidgens of proof exhibit the immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive limit of designated specialists. By ideals of the great whittling down rate and cost of new immunotherapy investigation, drug reusing might be a promising way to deal with finding mix techniques to further develop reaction to immunotherapy. For sure, numerous clinical preliminaries researching the security and viability of the blend of designated specialists and immunotherapy have been finished. Here, we survey and talk about the impacts of designated anticancer specialists on the cancer resistant microenvironment furthermore, investigate their potential reused utilization in disease immunotherapy.
Meisam Sadeghi*, Zahra Moghimifar and Hamedreza Javadian
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2022.13.496
In this research, calcium fructoborate (CFB) complex containing enriched 10B was used as a drug. The liposome prepared from phosphatidylcholine was applied as a biological macromolecule carrier of the drug. The liposome-encapsulated CFB (LECFB) was applied to treat MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The study demonstrated that AuNPs added to LECFB in the core-shell structure of LECFB with AuNPs (LECFB@AuNPs) can be considered selectively for the specific biological labeling and delivery of large quantities of boron to the cancer cells, respectively. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and folic acid (FA) were chosen as appropriate substrates to potentially attach to folate receptors (FR) on the surface of cancer cells before liposomal formulation. The size of folate-conjugated LECFB@AuNPs was around 240.9 nm, while the size of synthesized LECFB was 142.3 nm. The optimum encapsulation efficiency was 72.38 ± 1.68% under the conditions of T=60°C, drug:lipid ratio=1:5, and incubation time=60 min. PEGylated liposome improved 0.07 mg of the drug loading content, and the amounts of the drug release from PEGylated formulation at 37 and 42 °C were respectively 8.89 and 5.78% more than those obtained by the optimum formula of the drug encapsulation.
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2022.13.505
Xue Liu, Tao Jiang and Bao Zhang*
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2022.13.506
We present a case of a 44-year-old woman was hospitalized for one year with intermittent coughing and expectoration. She has no history of smoking or previous medical conditions. DNA test positive for Epstein-Barr virus. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed a soft tissue mass in the left lower lobe of the lung and non-uniformity of image density. Part of the bronchus in the lower lobe of the left lung was compressed and occluded. On contrast-enhanced CT, the mass was inhomogeneously enhanced. Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/ CT (18F-FDG PET/CT) revealed the mass had significant uptake of FDG and maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) was 10.7. The subsequent histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of a primary lung lyphoepithelionma-like carcinoma (LELC). The patient was treated with chemotherapy.
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2023.14.530
Electronic radiation therapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses high-energy beams of electrons to destroy cancer cells. This therapy is also known as electron beam radiation therapy (EBRT). It works by delivering a focused beam of electrons to the tumor site, which damages the DNA of the cancer cells and prevents them from dividing and growing.
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2023.14.531
Gamma camera operators are exposed to ionizing radiation on a regular basis due to the nature of their work. Ionizing radiation can have harmful effects on human health, including an increased risk of cancer and genetic damage. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the exposure of gamma camera operators to ionizing radiation and take measures to minimize their exposure.
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2023.14.532
Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) have revolutionized the healthcare industry in recent years. EMRs refer to the digital versions of patients' medical charts that can be accessed and updated by authorized healthcare providers. The use of EMRs has transformed the way healthcare providers work and has improved the quality of care delivered to patients.
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2023.14.533
Radiopharmaceuticals are specialized drugs that contain radioactive isotopes and are used in the field of nuclear medicine for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. These drugs are designed to interact with specific organs or tissues in the body, allowing for precise imaging and treatment of a wide range of medical conditions.
Tugce Tekirdag*, Adem Sengul, Onur Buyukok, Aslıhan Uzun and Zemzem Uyanik
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2023.14.534
It was aimed to make a dosimetric comparison by delivering the plans of patients treated with the robotic radiosurgery Cyberknife device using the density-adjusted radiotherapy (IMRT) technique in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) to the Helical Tomotherapy device. In cases where stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) treatment cannot be performed in Cyberknife device, it is aimed to offer alternative treatment methods for NSCLC patients with the same cases.
In this study, the plans of 10 patients were evaluated retrospectively. For each of the 2 different techniques (Planned Target Volume), the minimum, maximum and average doses of PTV; homogeneity index and conformity index; the doses taken by the planned risky organs; the data of 20% and 50% isodoses and the statistical analysis of the values taken by the (monitor unit) were compared using the Social Sciences Statistical Package (SPSS) data analysis system. In the treatment of lung cancer patients, it was aimed to protect the critical organs at the maximum level; As Low as Reasonably Achievable principle optimization was achieved by irradiating the lesion at the destructive level.
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.574
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.575
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.576
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.577
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.578
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.579
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.580
Cancer remains a formidable adversary in the realm of medicine, affecting millions of lives worldwide. Fortunately, advancements in healthcare have led to the development of increasingly effective treatment modalities, including radiation therapy. Over the years, this powerful technique has evolved significantly, allowing medical professionals to target cancerous cells with precision and innovation. In this article, we explore the principles, techniques and innovations that make radiation therapy an essential component of modern cancer care.
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.581
Radioactive tracers, or radiopharmaceuticals, are compounds containing a small amount of a radioactive isotope. These tracers emit gamma rays, which can be detected by specialized imaging devices. The unique properties of these tracers make them powerful tools in medical diagnostics, offering insights into the function, structure and metabolism of organs and tissues. Unlike traditional imaging methods that focus on anatomy, nuclear medicine primarily provides functional information. Radioactive tracers can be designed to target specific tissues or organs based on their physiological characteristics. This targeted approach enhances the specificity of diagnostic imaging, providing detailed information about the area of interest. Radiopharmaceuticals are used to detect abnormalities or changes in the function of organs and tissues. This is particularly valuable in early disease detection, often before structural changes are apparent through other imaging modalities.
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.582
Nuclear medicine is a specialized branch of medical imaging that utilizes the principles of nuclear physics to study the structure and function of organs and tissues within the body. Unlike traditional imaging methods that focus on anatomy, nuclear medicine provides unique insights into physiological processes at the molecular and cellular levels. This is achieved by introducing small amounts of radioactive substances, known as radiopharmaceuticals or tracers, into the body. Radioactive isotopes undergo spontaneous decay, emitting radiation in the form of alpha or beta particles or gamma rays. In nuclear medicine, gamma-emitting isotopes are commonly used. These are compounds containing a radioactive isotope combined with a biologically active molecule. These tracers are designed to mimic the body's natural compounds, allowing them to be taken up by specific tissues or organs.
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2023.15.583
Molecular imaging represents a paradigm shift in the realm of medical diagnostics, offering a deeper understanding of cellular activity in health and disease. In nuclear medicine, this cutting-edge approach utilizes radiopharmaceuticals and advanced imaging techniques to visualize molecular processes within the body. This article explores the significance of molecular imaging, its applications and the transformative impact it has on healthcare. The foundation of molecular imaging lies in radiopharmaceuticals compounds that combine a radioactive isotope with a biologically active molecule. These molecules can selectively bind to specific cellular targets, allowing the visualization of molecular processes.
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.584
The Marine-Lenhart syndrome is a rare disorder defined by the association or successive occurrence of Basedow's disease and autonomous thyroid nodules. This form is responsible for persistent hyperthyroidism requiring special treatment. Nuclear medicine contributes to the detection of this syndrome by means of thyroid scintigraphy, which allows its diagnosis by showing a hyperfixing parenchyma that is not inhibited by the presence of toxic nodules. Additionally, radioactive therapy is generally administered at higher doses, as this form is particularly resistant to standard treatment.
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.584
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.585
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.586
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.587
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.588
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.589
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.590
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.591
DOI: 10.37421/2155-9619.2024.15.592
Radiation therapy stands as a cornerstone in the arsenal against cancer, offering a potent tool in the fight for healing. Its ability to target and
eradicate cancerous cells while sparing healthy tissue has revolutionized oncology treatment. This article delves into the profound impact of
radiation therapy, exploring its mechanisms, advancements, and transformative role in unlocking healing for patients worldwide. Radiation therapy,
also known as radiotherapy, utilizes high-energy rays or particles to damage cancer cells' DNA, impeding their ability to multiply and survive. Unlike
chemotherapy, which circulates throughout the body, radiation therapy precisely targets tumors, minimizing collateral damage to surrounding
healthy tissue. This precision is crucial in mitigating side effects and enhancing treatment efficacy. One of radiation therapy's defining features
is its precision. Advanced imaging technologies such as MRI, CT scans, and PET scans enable oncologists to precisely locate tumors and tailor
treatment plans accordingly. Techniques like intensity-modulated radiation therapy stereotactic radiosurgery and proton therapy further enhance
precision, allowing for highly localized delivery of radiation while sparing nearby organs and tissues.
Nuclear Medicine & Radiation Therapy received 706 citations as per Google Scholar report
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