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Irrigation & Drainage Systems Engineering

ISSN: 2168-9768

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Fish Biology

Fish are marine craniate species that are gill-bearing and lack digit limbs. To the tunicates they form a sister group, joining the olfactores together. Included in this description are the living hagfish, lampreys, cartilaginous and bony fish and other classes linked to the extinction. Tetrapods have evolved among lobe-finned shrimp, and they are also birds. Because the term "fish" is negatively defined as a paraphyletic group in this manner, it is not considered a formal taxonomic grouping in systematic biology unless it is used in the cladistic sense, including tetrapods. The traditional term pisces (also ichthyes) is considered to be a typological classification but not a phylogenetic one. The earliest organisms that can be classified as fish were chordates that appeared first during the Cambrian period. Though lacking a true spine, they possessed notochords that allowed them to be more agile than their counterparts invertebrates. During the Paleozoic period, fish will begin to evolve, diversifying into a wide range of species. Numerous Paleozoic fishes have evolved.

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