A Novel Perspective on the Regulation of Form, Dimension, and Content in the Biosynthesis of Inorganic Nanoparticles

Amin Raha^*
*Correspondence: Amin Raha, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Email:

Introduction

The biosynthesis of inorganic nanoparticles offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach for their production. In this article, we provide a novel perspective on the regulation of form, dimension, and content in the biosynthesis of inorganic NPs. We discuss the mechanisms involved in the biosynthesis process, including the role of microorganisms, enzymes, and biomolecules. We also explore the potential applications of these bio-synthesized NPs in various fields, such as medicine, catalysis, and environmental remediation. Inorganic nanoparticles have attracted significant attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties compared to their bulk counterparts. Traditional methods for synthesizing inorganic NPs often involve harsh chemicals and high temperatures, leading to environmental concerns. Biosynthesis, on the other hand, offers a more sustainable approach by using biological systems, such as microorganisms, enzymes, and biomolecules, to control the synthesis process. In this article, we present a novel perspective on how the form, dimension, and content of inorganic NPs can be regulated through biosynthesis. The biosynthesis of inorganic NPs is mediated by biological systems that can control the nucleation, growth, and stabilization of NPs. Microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and algae, play a crucial role in this process by secreting enzymes and biomolecules that can act as reducing agents, capping agents, or templates for NP formation. Enzymes, such as nitrate reductase and alkaline phosphatase, can also catalyze the reduction of metal ions to form NPs. Additionally, biomolecules, such as proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids, can interact with metal ions to regulate their size, shape, and composition [1-3].

Description

The form and dimension of inorganic NPs can be regulated through various mechanisms in biosynthesis. For example, the size and shape of NPs can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of reactants, the pH of the reaction medium, and the temperature. Microorganisms can also play a role in shaping NPs by secreting biomolecules that can selectively bind to certain crystal faces, leading to the formation of specific shapes, such as rods, cubes, or triangles. The content of inorganic NPs, such as their chemical composition and surface properties, can also be regulated through biosynthesis. Microorganisms can selectively accumulate metal ions from the environment and incorporate them into NPs during biosynthesis. This process can be further controlled by manipulating the growth conditions of microorganisms, such as the availability of nutrients and the presence of other ions in the medium. Bio-synthesized inorganic NPs have shown great potential in various applications, including medicine, catalysis, and environmental remediation. In medicine, NPs can be used as drug delivery vehicles, imaging agents, or therapeutic agents due to their unique properties and biocompatibility. In catalysis, NPs can be used as catalysts for various reactions, such as hydrogenation, oxidation, and carbon-carbon bond formation. In environmental remediation, NPs can be used for the removal of pollutants from water and soil, as well as for the detection of environmental contaminants [4,5].

Conclusion

In conclusion, the biosynthesis of inorganic NPs offers a promising approach for the regulation of form, dimension, and content of NPs. Through the use of biological systems, such as microorganisms, enzymes, and biomolecules, the synthesis process can be controlled to produce NPs with specific properties for various applications. Further research in this area could lead to the development of new and innovative nanomaterials with enhanced properties and functionalities.

Acknowledgement

None.

Conflict of Interest

There is no conflict of interest by author.

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