A Study on Anaplastic Large cell- Lymphoma: A Type of Blood Cancer

Brain Cutis

Abstract

Large cell Lymphoma is a fast growing blood cancer that affects one type of white blood cell called lymphocytes. The cancer can start T or B Types of lymphocytes. In general lymphocytes white blood cells main function is to fight infection. But if a person diagnosed with large cell Lymphoma cancer then these white blood cells loss its control to fight infection. The Most common type of large cell Lymphoma is anaplastic large-cell lymphoma or also called as blood cancer.

Keywords

Blood cancer • large cell Lymphoma • Anaplastic large cell Lymphoma • Chemotherapy

Introduction

Anaplastic Large cell- Lymphoma is found in boys of young age but it does not run in family. ALCL is a fast growing blood cancer which is quite a serious illness. The person affected with ALCL shows subsequent changes in skin which is called as cutaneous ALCL, lymph nodes and other organs which are called as systemic ALCL. The ALCL effect on skin usually grows slow but it grows fast in lymph nodes and other organs. The diagnosis of ALCL is done through biopsy by taking some sample of tumour tissue, abnormal skin tissue further the tissue were looked under microscope to detect the cancer. Additional tests are also conducted to test the stage of the cancer and how far the cancer cells have affected the body. By tests the physician can also confirm the ALK protein. In general ALK positive cancer is found in young age patients. This can be cured with chemotherapy. ALK negative cancer is found in people over 60. The treatment induced for patient with ALK negative cancer should be carefully treated because there are chances that the cancer might come back again. The cause of ALCL is unknown but the cancer is not inherited.

Example

A male person of age 65 is hospitalised with a swelling in the neck. The person has no other symptoms like Fatigue, Fever, and Loss of appetite, Night sweats, and Weight loss other than itchiness. The doctor suggested the test for goitre and X rays, CT scans, Ferritin, MRI scans of various parts of the body. X-rays are the most common imaging techniques and they may be made more specific by using a Barious enema. This is used for detection of stomach and small intestinal growths and cancers. In tests it is noted that the patient is diagnosed with cancer but to find the type of cancer biopsy is done. Later it is found that the patient is diagnosed with Anaplastic Large cell- Lymphoma Stage I. The main treatment for ALCL is chemotherapy if the cancer is in the lymph node and other parts of the body CHOP (Cytoxan, hydroxydaunorubicin, Oncovin, and prednisolone) chemotherapy are used for treating ALK negative. Higher dose of CHOP is used but the body has not responded for the treatment then brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) drug is used. The patient felt little discomfort during the treatment. Later the body has responded for the treatment and cured in 4 to 5 cycles. The patient is not consume alcohol and few drugs while treatment process.

Conclusion

The Treatment for ALCL will cause discomfort to patient like feeling tired, weak and sick in stomach. So the patient should eat regular with missing meals. It would be better if the patient takes more meals than using but the food intake should be high in proteins and calories. The patient should not regular doctor appointments. The patient t should stay away from sick people and wash your hands before consuming food. Daily exercise would help to cure the cancer faster and should continue exercise even after cure. The patient should be emotional strong so interacting with friends and family is recommended. The patient should take good rest and should not feel negatively excite.