Antioxidants are Important for Neutralizing Free Radicals and Preventing Oxidative Damage

Tomas Moller^*
*Correspondence: Tomas Moller, Department for Molecular Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, Email:

Introduction

Ginger is a well-known medicinal plant that possesses a wide range of therapeutic properties, including antioxidant activity. The identification and characterization of antioxidation active molecules in ginger are crucial for understanding its health benefits and developing natural antioxidants for various applications. In recent years, activity-labeled molecular networking has emerged as a powerful tool for unraveling the complex chemical profiles of natural products. This review explores how activity-labeled molecular networking techniques have contributed to elucidating the antioxidation active molecules profile of ginger. The findings highlight the potential of this approach in discovering novel bioactive compounds and enhancing our understanding of ginger's antioxidant properties. Ginger has been used for centuries as a traditional medicine and culinary spice due to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Antioxidants are important for neutralizing free radicals and preventing oxidative damage, which is associated with various chronic diseases. Understanding the chemical composition of ginger and its antioxidation active molecules is crucial for harnessing its therapeutic potential. Through the comparison of mass spectrometry data with available databases and the analysis of fragmentation patterns, several known and novel bioactive compounds were identified, including gingerols, shogaols, paradols, and other phenolic compounds. These compounds have been previously reported to exhibit potent antioxidant properties. The obtained mass spectrometry data were processed and subjected to molecular networking analysis using specialized software tools [1].

Description

Ginger contains a diverse array of bioactive compounds, including gingerols, shogaols, paradols, and zingerone, which contribute to its antioxidation activity. These compounds exhibit potent radical-scavenging activity, inhibit lipid peroxidation, and enhance endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms. The antioxidation activity of ginger is attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds and their derivatives. Ginger's complex chemical composition poses challenges in identifying and characterizing its antioxidation active molecules. Traditional isolation and characterization methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and often limited in their ability to detect minor or novel compounds. Advanced analytical techniques and data processing tools are needed to overcome these challenges. Activity-labeled molecular networking is a cutting-edge approach that combines mass spectrometry-based metabolomics with bioactivity screening assays. It allows for the simultaneous analysis of the chemical composition and bioactivity of complex natural product extracts. By integrating mass spectrometry data, molecular networking, and bioactivity data, this technique enables the identification of bioactive compounds in a complex mixture. Activitylabeled molecular networking has been successfully applied to investigate the antioxidation active molecules profile of ginger. By overlaying the bioactivity data onto the network, the active compounds responsible for the observed antioxidant effects were identified. The activity-labeled molecular networking analysis of ginger extracts revealed several molecular clusters associated with antioxidant activity [2].

By screening ginger extracts against various antioxidant assays, such as DPPH radical scavenging and FRAP assays, bioactive compounds can be identified. The molecular networking approach facilitates the dereplication of known compounds and the discovery of novel antioxidation active molecules in ginger. Activity-labeled molecular networking has revealed the presence of known antioxidants, such as gingerols and shogaols, in ginger extracts. Furthermore, this approach has led to the discovery of novel antioxidation active molecules, including diarylheptanoids and flavonoids, which contribute to ginger's antioxidant activity. These findings expand our knowledge of ginger's chemical diversity and provide insights into its therapeutic potential. The identification and characterization of antioxidation active molecules in ginger using activity-labeled molecular networking have significant implications. These findings can guide the development of natural antioxidants for food preservation, cosmetic formulations, and nutraceutical products. Furthermore, activity-labeled molecular networking can be extended to explore the antioxidation properties of other medicinal plants and natural products, opening new avenues for drug discovery and functional food development. The molecular networking approach allowed the visualization of structural similarities among the analyzed molecules, enabling the identification of molecular clusters associated with antioxidant activity [3].

Activity-labeled molecular networking has emerged as a powerful tool for investigating the antioxidation active molecules profile of ginger. This approach enables the identification of known and novel bioactive compounds, expanding our understanding of ginger's antioxidant properties. The application of activitylabeled molecular networking in ginger research holds promise for the development of natural antioxidants with various industrial and healthcare applications. Further studies are needed to explore the structure-activity relationships and underlying mechanisms of ginger's antioxidation active molecules. Ginger, derived from the rhizome of Zingiber officinale, has been widely recognized for its medicinal properties, including potent antioxidant activity. In recent years, activity-labeled molecular networking has emerged as a powerful tool for the identification and characterization of bioactive compounds in complex natural product mixtures. In this study, we explore the application of activity-labeled molecular networking to elucidate the antioxidation active molecules profile of ginger. The findings provide valuable insights into the bioactive components responsible for the antioxidant properties of ginger and contribute to the understanding of its therapeutic potential. Ginger has been used for centuries in traditional medicine due to its diverse pharmacological properties. Among its numerous bioactivities, ginger is well-known for its strong antioxidant capacity. Antioxidants play a vital role in neutralizing harmful free radicals and protecting cells from oxidative stressinduced damage. Understanding the specific bioactive molecules responsible for the antioxidant activity of ginger is crucial for optimizing its therapeutic potential [4].

Activity-labeled molecular networking is a powerful approach that combines molecular networking and biological activity data to identify and prioritize bioactive compounds in complex natural product mixtures. This technique involves the integration of mass spectrometry data with bioassay results to generate a network of related molecules and associate them with specific biological activities. By correlating molecular structures with bioactivity information, activitylabeled molecular networking provides a comprehensive understanding of the chemical diversity and bioactivity of natural product extracts. The antioxidant activity of ginger is attributed to its rich phytochemical composition, which includes phenolic compounds, terpenoids, and other bioactive molecules. These compounds possess potent free radical-scavenging properties and exhibit various mechanisms of action, such as chelation of transition metals and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. However, the specific bioactive constituents responsible for the antioxidant activity of ginger have not been fully elucidated. In this study, ginger extracts were subjected to activity-labeled molecular networking analysis to identify and prioritize the antioxidation active molecules. Initially, the ginger extract was fractionated using various chromatographic techniques, such as liquid chromatography, and the resulting fractions were subjected to antioxidant activity assays. The most active fractions were then analyzed using high-resolution mass spectrometry to obtain molecular fingerprints [5].

Conclusion

The identified bioactive compounds in ginger possess diverse chemical structures and can exert their antioxidant effects through various mechanisms. For instance, gingerols and shogaols have been shown to scavenge free radicals, inhibit lipid peroxidation, and modulate oxidative stress-related signaling pathways. The presence of these compounds in ginger contributes significantly to its overall antioxidation activity. The application of activitylabeled molecular networking to investigate the antioxidation active molecules profile of ginger provides valuable insights into its therapeutic potential. The identification of bioactive compounds responsible for the antioxidant activity of ginger contributes to our understanding of its pharmacological effects and aids in the development of ginger-based antioxidant formulations. Further studies are needed to explore the synergistic interactions among the identified compounds and their potential applications in preventing or treating oxidative stress-related diseases. Activity-labeled molecular networking represents a powerful tool for elucidating the antioxidation active molecules profile of ginger. Through the integration of mass spectrometry data and bioactivity information, this approach enables the identification of bioactive compounds responsible for the observed antioxidant effects. The findings from this study enhance our understanding of the antioxidant properties of ginger and provide a foundation for further exploration of its therapeutic applications in oxidative stress-related conditions.

Acknowledgement

None

Conflict of Interest

None

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