Cancer and its Associated Factors in India

Philipa Amoako^*
*Correspondence: Philipa Amoako, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Advanced Studies, Karnataka, India, Email:

Perspective

Cancer is a disease where some of the body cells grow uncontro llably and spread to all parts of the body. It involves abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

These contrast with tumors like Lung Cancer , Breast Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Cervical Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Head and Neck Cancer, Bone Cancer, and Small intestine Cancer, which do not spread.

Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, weight loss, and a change in bowel movements. Humans can affect by Different Types of Cancers. Cancer is a leading cause of non-communicable disease worldwide.

Lung, breast, cervical, colorectal, and stomach cancers were recorded for more than 40 percent of all cases diagnosed worldwide. In men, lung cancer is mostly seen (16.7 percent of all new cases in men) whereas breast cancer is mostly diagnosed in women (25.2 percent of all new cases in women). 1 in 6 deaths is reported to be cancer globally. According to the National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research (NICPR), the average estimated incidence of cancer in India was 2,500,000 in 2010 and incidence was about 700,000 in the same year, there were 556,000 deaths due to cancer (NICPR).

This paper provides the estimates of cancer at the National and Sub-national levels and also looks into the happening places of cancers among men and women separately at the sub-national level. In addition, this paper also tries to study how household characteristics interplay with bio-behavioral factors in promoting cancer among men and women in India.

Thus, the bio-behavioral factors constitute the focus in the discussion while studying Cancer prevalence and therefore, deserve a suitable analytical plan to examine its interaction with other dimensions of Cancer. In this context, the paper attempts to find the factors associated with cancer prevalence in India.

Normally, human cells grow and multiply (through a process called cell division) to form new cells as the body needs them. When cells get older or become damaged, they will die, and new cells take their place. The risk of stomach cancer is also related to obesity. Pulmonary tuberculosis is associated with lung cancer. The risk of lung cancer is connected with smoking and second-hand smoking. There are various factors that are responsible for the different types of cancers. The risk of oral and lip cancer is associated with tobacco smoking, smokeless tobacco, and alcohol consumption.

Consumption of tobacco and snus increases the risk of throat cancer. Alcohol consumption is highly related to the risk of throat cancer. Arsenic poisoning is also highly associated with lung cancer. Consumption of smokeless tobacco or snus causes the risk of stomach cancer.

Liver cancer is correlated with obesity and inflammation. Heavy smoking and heavy use of alcohol are also associated with the risk of liver cancer. Diabetes is linked with the risk of liver cancer and family history. The risk of prostate cancer is associated with dietary patterns, obesity, chronic inflammation, and cigarette smoking. The risk of gall bladder cancer is primarily related to smoking behavior, exposure to heavy metals, and arsenic poising. However, women using oral contraceptives had 15% to 20% lower risks of colorectal cancer. Breastfeeding reduces the danger of carcinoma among women.