Cancers Linked to Hormones and Non-Invasive Epigenetic Regulators

Shen Linde^*
*Correspondence: Shen Linde, Department of Biotechnology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, Email:

Introduction

The regulation of numerous physiological processes in the human body is greatly influenced by hormones. The development and maintenance of reproductive functions, in particular, depend on the sex hormones estrogen, progesterone, and others. However, when their levels become unbalanced or deregulated, these hormones can also play a role in the emergence of hormoneassociated cancers. Recent studies have illuminated the potential impact of dietary bioactive flavonoids, which resemble sex hormones and steroid hormone antagonists structurally. This article investigates the relationship between hormones and HACs, emphasizing the promising function of dietary flavonoids in the management and prevention of cancer.

Progesterone and estrogenic are two hormones that are crucial for the healthy operation of reproductive tissues. However, these hormones can aid in the development of HACs if they are present in excess or if their actions are disturbed. For instance, long-term exposure to high estrogen levels has been linked to a higher risk of developing breast and endometrial cancer. Progesterone imbalances have also been connected to ovarian and uterine cancer development. A wide range of bioactive substances known as flavonoids can be found in a variety of plant-based foods, including fruits, vegetables, and herbs. Due to their potential health benefits, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties, these compounds have attracted a lot of attention.

Description

Interestingly, some flavonoids exhibit structural resemblance to sex hormones, steroid hormones, and steroid hormone antagonists. This structural similarity enables flavonoids to interact with hormone receptors, influencing hormonal pathways and potentially modulating the risk of HACs Epigenetic modifications refer to changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations in the underlying DNA sequence. Emerging research suggests that dietary flavonoids can modulate epigenetic processes involved in HAC development. Specifically, flavonoids have been found to regulate the expression of non-coding RNAs, which play crucial roles in the control of gene expression. By targeting non-coding RNAs, flavonoids can potentially modify the epigenetic landscape associated with HACs, thereby impacting cancer progression [1].

Dietary flavonoids' capacity to engage hormone receptors and affect epigenetic processes has positive ramifications for non-invasive cancer treatment methods. The ability of flavonoids to alter hormonal pathways and epigenetic regulation as natural substances may open up new possibilities for cancer prevention, treatment, and even potential adjuvant therapies. Hormone-related cancers present significant diagnostic, therapeutic, and management challenges. However, comprehension of the complex relationship between hormones and the emergence of cancer has opened the door to investigating alternate strategies.

Dietary bioactive flavonoids, with their structural resemblance to sex hormones and steroid hormone antagonists, offer a novel avenue for intervention. Through their ability to modulate hormonal pathways and epigenetic regulation, flavonoids hold great potential as non-invasive therapeutic agents for hormone-associated cancers. Continued research and exploration of these natural compounds may lead to new strategies for cancer prevention and improved patient outcomes. The information provided in this article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered as medical advice. Consultation with a healthcare professional is recommended before making any dietary or treatment-related changes [2].

Hormone-Associated Cancers continue to pose a significant challenge in the field of oncology. The intricate relationship between hormones and the development of these cancers has prompted researchers to explore alternative approaches for prevention and treatment. One such avenue of investigation revolves around dietary bioactive flavonoids, a group of natural compounds found abundantly in various fruits, vegetables, and herbs. Recent studies have shown that flavonoids possess the potential to alter the epigenetics of different HACs by regulating the expression levels of non-coding RNAs involved in the carcinogenic process. This exciting discovery opens doors to the future use of dietary flavonoids as non-invasive medications for various hormone-associated cancers. Epigenetic modifications play a crucial role in the development and progression of hormone-associated cancers. These modifications involve changes in gene expression patterns without altering the underlying DNA sequence. Flavonoids have emerged as potential epigenetic regulators due to their ability to modulate the expression levels of non-coding RNAs. Non-coding RNAs, such as micro RNAs and long non-coding RNAs are integral to gene regulation and have been implicated in the initiation and progression of HACs. By targeting these non-coding RNAs, flavonoids can potentially alter the epigenetic landscape associated with hormone-associated cancers [3].

Through a complex interplay of molecular mechanisms, flavonoids regulate non-coding RNAs. According to studies, some flavonoids can directly bind to particular locations on non-coding RNA molecules, altering the stability and functionality of these molecules. This direct relationship between flavonoids and non-coding RNAs has the potential to have an impact on important biological functions, such as cell division, apoptosis, and the hormone signalling pathways that are deregulated in cancers linked to hormones. Flavonoids have the capacity to stop the development and spread of cancer by re-establishing the balance of these processes. Future study and clinical applications in the treatment of hormone-associated cancers using dietary flavonoids is a promising new direction. The non-toxic nature of flavonoids and their wide availability in various food sources make them an attractive option for cancer prevention and treatment. Moreover, their ability to target specific non-coding RNAs involved in the carcinogenic process offers a highly focused therapeutic approach. By modulating the epigenetic landscape of hormone-associated cancers, flavonoids may help restore normal gene expression patterns, inhibit tumor growth, and enhance the efficacy of conventional cancer treatments [4,5].

regulators by way of their impact on non-coding RNAs highlights a new area of cancer research. They show promise in modifying gene expression patterns and regaining normal cellular functions.

Acknowledgement

None.

Conflict of Interest

None.

References

1. Volker, Sonja E. Broccoli “Bioactives: Impact on enzyme induction, estrogen metabolism and human cancer cell growth” University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (2012).

Google Scholar, Indexed at

2. Gaur, Pooja. "Nutritional status of pre and post-menopausal women of vadodara metabolic and inflammatory response to supplementation of whole roasted flaxseeds in pre-menopausal overweight/obese female subjects."  Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda (2019).

Google Scholar, Indexed at

3. Miller, Jessica A. “Bioavailability and disposition of the bioactive food component d-limonene, and implications for breast cancer prevention”. The University of Arizona (2010).

Google Scholar, Indexed at

4. Hotel, istana. "33rd annual conference of the Malaysian society for biochemistry and molecular biology."

Google Scholar, Indexed at

5. Avila-Roman, Javier, Sara García-Gil, Azahara Rodríguez-Luna and Virginia motilva, et al. "Anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects of microalgal carotenoids." Mar Drugs 19 (2021): 531.

Google Scholar, Crossref, Indexed at