Cervical Cancer Patients during Radiotherapy

Johannes Steve^*
*Correspondence: Johannes Steve, Department of Oncology, Mercer University School of Medicine, USA, Email:

Introduction

Cervical cancer develops when cells in the cervix, which connects the uterus and the vaginal canal, alter. This cancer can harm their cervix's deeper tissues and spread to other parts of their body (metastasize), most commonly the lungs, liver, bladder, vaginal, and rectum. The most common cause of cervical cancer is infection with the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), which can be prevented with a vaccine. Cervical cancer spreads slowly, so it's typically possible to detect and cure it before it becomes a significant problem. Thanks to increased screening through Pap tests, it is killing less and fewer women each year.

Description

Broader adoption of the Papanicolaou test (Pap smear) and high-risk HPV testing is the most significant advancement in cervical cancer screening. A Pap smear is a test that is performed as part of a woman's regular pelvic exam. Your doctor extracts cells from the surface of your cervix, which are examined under a microscope by a technician. If anything unusual is found, your doctor will perform a biopsy on a small piece of cervical tissue.

The uterus and cervix are removed. A basic or radical hysterectomy is possible. The uterus and cervix are removed in a basic hysterectomy. The uterus, cervix, upper vagina, and tissue around the cervix are all removed during a radical hysterectomy. Lymph nodes are removed during a radical hysterectomy, which typically includes a comprehensive pelvic lymph node dissection. A big cut in the abdomen, known as a laparotomy, or smaller cuts, known as laparoscopy, can be used to perform this surgery.

A colposcopy is similar to a pelvic examination. If a Pap smear reveals atypical cells, your doctor may use it. They use a nontoxic dye or acetic acid to stain your cervix, making it easier to see the cells. Then they seek for odd cells to biopsy with a colposcope, which magnifies your cervix by eight to fifteen times. This treatment is normally performed in the office of your gynaecologist. If the colposcopy reveals symptoms of invasive cancer, you may need another biopsy. You'll almost certainly need surgery if malignant cells have slipped through the basement membrane, which divides the surface of your cervix from the underlying layers. If the cancer has gone to deeper layers of your cervix but not to other parts of your body, you may need surgery to remove the tumour. Most cervical cancer is caused by different strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection [1-5].

Conclusion

The use of high-energy X-rays or other particles to eliminate cancer cells is known as radiation therapy. A radiation oncologist is a doctor who specialises in treating cancer patients with radiation therapy. To decrease the tumour, radiation therapy can be used alone, before surgery, or instead of surgery. External-beam radiation therapy, in which radiation is delivered from a machine outside the body, is the most prevalent method of radiation treatment. Internal radiation therapy, also known as brachytherapy, is a type of radiation therapy that uses implants to deliver radiation. A radiation therapy regimen, or schedule, usually consists of a specified number of treatments administered over a set period of time that includes both exterior and internal radiation.

References

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