Chemistry in the Service of Dengue Protection

Marcos Aurélio Gomes da Silva^*
*Correspondence: Marcos Aurélio Gomes da Silva, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora - MG, 36036-900, Brazil, Tel: +32999056938, Email:

Introduction

Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne disease caused by the dengue virus, is a major public health concern worldwide. With no specific treatment or widely available vaccine, prevention is key. This is where chemistry steps in, offering solutions to protect against dengue [1].

Mosquito repellents

Chemical compounds like DEET (N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide) and picaridin are commonly used in mosquito repellents. These compounds work by interfering with the mosquito's olfactory receptors, making it harder for them to detect human presence [2].

Insecticides

Chemistry also plays a role in the development of insecticides. Organophosphates, pyrethroids, and carbamates are classes of chemicals used to control mosquito populations. They work by disrupting the nervous system of the mosquito, leading to their death [3].

Larvicides

Larvicides target mosquitoes in their aquatic larval stage. Chemicals like temephos are used to prevent larvae from maturing into adults. Another approach is the use of insect growth regulators, which disrupt the normal growth process of mosquito larvae [4-6].

Future Directions

While these chemical methods have proven effective, there is a growing need for more environmentally friendly and sustainable solutions. Research is being conducted into the use of natural compounds from plants as potential mosquito repellents and larvicides.

Conclusion

Chemistry plays a crucial role in the fight against dengue. Through the development of repellents, insecticides, and larvicides, chemistry provides us with the tools to protect ourselves and our communities from this disease. As we move forward, the challenge will be to balance efficacy with environmental sustainability.

Acknowledgement

None.

Conflict of Interest

None.

References

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2. Behnam, Mira AM, Christoph Nitsche, Veaceslav Boldescu and Christian D. Klein. "The medicinal chemistry of dengue virus." J Med Chem 59 (2016): 5622-5649.
3. Sanchez-Vargas, Luis A., Anuja Mathew, Henrik Salje and David Sousa, et al. "Protective role of NS1-Specific antibodies in the immune response to dengue virus through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity." J Infect Dis (2024): jiae137.
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5. Liao, Maofu and Margaret Kielian. "Domain III from class II fusion proteins functions as a dominant-negative inhibitor of virus membrane fusion." J Cell Biol 171 (2005): 111-120.
6. Rajamanonmani, Ravikumar, Celine Nkenfou, Paula Clancy and Yin Hoe Yau, et al. "On a mouse monoclonal antibody that neutralizes all four dengue virus serotypes." J Gen Virol 90 (2009): 799-809.