Classification of Fergana Valley Chaykhana (tea houses)

Tursunova Dilnoza Raufovna^* and Mahmudov Nasimbek Odilbekovich
^*Correspondence: Tursunova Dilnoza Raufovna, Department of Teacher of Feragana polytechnic institute, Uzbekistan, Tel: +4366280445607, Email:

Keywords

Chaykhana, Teahouse, Ferghana Valley, Andijan chaykhana, Market chaykhana, Sheikh Islam, Isfara Guzari, Khudoyarhon Park, Kokand, Uzbegim, Ferghana, Afrosiyab.

Introduction

After the independence in 1995, for the first time in history the law of the Republic of Uzbekistan on “architecture and urban planning" was adopted. Due to this law implementation and execution numerous industry opportunities appeared and on the basis of historical, cultural resources, climate, and earthquakes and in general, taking into account the circumstances of specific location 148 national state "of construction norms and rules" was figured out. It should be noted that the path of independence, especially in the field of urban planning, increased attention to the construction of the formation of the service facilities [1,2].

The decree, "On measures to improve the construction of the city," about the field of urban planning and architecture of the Republic of Uzbekistan by Islam Karimov the first President of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the decree of the Cabinet of Ministers, "In the field of architecture and construction works the establishment of measures to improve the control of traffic "confirms the above mentioned decisions [2,3].

The relevance of the subject: the modern stage of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the following series of buildings characteristic of the tradition of the rapid development and public service, the establishment of a new approach in their architectural design and modern, kind of climate, functional, traditional buildings, taking into account factors such as a national teahouse is one of the urgent problems [2-4].

Today, the demand of people for chaykhana is increasing. Chaykhana have become an ideal place for spending free time and having rest. To find out the best conditions for placing new chaykhana and to examine and plan some special structure of chaykhana are as important as working out an architectural solution of these places [1-3].

Purpose: Fergana teahouse in the design, construction, explication, as well as socio-economic, demographic and naturalclimatic conditions on architectural projects, forming the basis of modern requirements [2-5].

Methodology

Historical formation, project analysis, observations and export requests of Fergana Valley chaykhana studied the origin, geographical location, and climate impacts of chaykhana. There are three reasons for the formation of chaykhana in the Fergana Valley:

1. Climatic conditions of the valley

2. Material and spiritual needs

3. Socio-spiritual needs

Fergana Valley The demand for chaykhana has not stopped for centuries – During the winter, people warmed up to a cup of hot tea, and in the hot summer months, they survived the heat with the help of hot tea. There are common city chaykhana in the neighborhood or chaykhana in the neighborhood center and market teasers in the market. Market chaykhana are mainly built to meet material needs. In this regard, chaykhana are becoming more active in the market. The main role in the organization of rural and mahalla tea was the spiritual needs of the people. The culture of the teahouse was formed and developed continuously in accordance with the social conditions and moral ethics of the times. From time immemorial, chaykhana are known as bazaars, gardens, villages, neighborhood chaykhana.

By examining the Fergana Valley chaykhana, we can divide the following:

1. Mahalla chaykhana

2. Street chaykhana

3. Tea-chairs

4. Coffee houses

5. Tea rooms

6. Tea-service facilities

Main part

The Ferghana Valley is an ancient city with a very long history of chaykhana architecture. Studying the history of valley chaykhana will allow us to form a more complete understanding of cultural and domestic bases of social and social life. In ancient cities of the valley: Kokand, Margilan and Andijan, chaykhana are very important. In the days of our ancestors, chaykhana were mainly used as an institution that served the national cuisine. They are mainly built in beautiful places in villages, parks, markets and neighborhoods. Chaykhana are the main place of information exchange. In particular, the chaykhana of Kokand, which were preserved from our ancestors, are the Teahouse, Sheikh Islam and Isfara Guzari. Barefoot chaykhana is located on Rimkulibek Street, between the two rivers. The naked dining room is two floors, the architectural composition solution is complex. Sheikh-Islam Chaykhana is located on Hakandi Street. The Sheikh-Islamic Tea is preserved from the time of our ancestors. The Chaykhana is Г-shaped and has a -simple composition solution. In the dark and pleasant shade of the trees in the tea-yard, there are lodges for entertainment and aesthetic leisure.

Isfara Tea is located in the Isfara Guzar mahalla in Kokand. The building was originally a movie theater and later was used by the elders of the neighborhood as a chaykhana. The interior of the building is masterfully used by Kokand's famous ganch carving and national pillars. In addition, on the side of Khudoyarhon Park, on the Navoi Street, there is a "National" Chaykhana. The architectural composition of the National Teahouse is based on the traditional Kokand architecture, that is, the central courtyard is designed around the perimeter of the building. The space-artistic solution of the building is very beautiful and elegant. Looking at the architecture of this building, we can see a modern and national architectural solution. windows have a long-range composite solution. The building is made of Muslim brick and is well used by Kokand's elegant carved columns. On the second floor there is a circular staircase to the second floor.

The chaykhana "Uzbegim", "Ferghana", "Afrosiyab", "Kokand" in Fergana have been designed and constructed in different style.

Uzbegim Tea is located across the street from the highway. In the architectural composition of the building we can see the harmony of national and modern architecture. This teahouse has a closed-door design solution, and the rooms are symmetric. Inside the Fergana park there is a Kokand teahouse, which is rectangular. The Kokand Chaykhana is very rich because of its interior. There is a restroom (10x10m) in the tea room, surrounded by an open terrace. The windows in this teahouse have a Muslim arched shape and are magnificent. We can see columns and patterns in the Kokand national style. The interior of the room is also unique in national style. Afrosiyab Tea is a teahouse in Ferghana and is located in the neighborhood of independence. The Afrosiyab Tea Chart is a simple solution. The paint used on the facade is exquisite, decorative. The landscape of the cafe is very rich, harmoniously combined with the toilet. The cafe is located in the center of Fergana and is modern. The original solution of the cafe is a simple, rectangular shape. This café is a modern cafe with its own name. The common room consists of a hall, a bar and a bar in the corner of the hall. It consists of one common lounge, a kitchen, a warehouse, auxiliary rooms, and staff rooms.

The National Chaykhana is located in the center of Bexudi neighborhood of Fergana. This Chaykhana is a simple, rectangular composite one-store building. There is a chorus room, a kitchen, auxiliary room, and a warehouse. The decorations of the national teahouse are modern, the yard is enriched with the landscape. The facade decorations are skillfully used.

Independence Chaykhana is located in the mountainous area of Markhamat Street in Andijan. Entrance enters from the upper level of the area to the lower floor through 2 stairs. To the left of the building, there are restrooms and entertainment rooms, and on the right side there is a banquet hall, a shop, a customer room, a lounge, a warehouse, and a staff room. The blocks on the left and right are connected by hot shops, warehouses, and terraces. The compositional structure is in line with the terrain of the area and is well utilized by the terrain. The yard is well landscaped and has a complex floor-to-surface structure. The Andijan chaykhana is located on the Independence Street of Andijan. The "Andijan" chaykhana is a teahouse with a design of the dining room in the center, and to the right and to the left, the artistic image is found. The architectural composition of the teahouse is complex and consists of two floors. The design of the teahouse is rectangular, in the center is the courtyard, and the choir rooms are symmetrically designed to the right and left. The size of the teahouse is large and has a chandelier room, a reception, a dining room, a barn, auxiliary rooms, and a large number of festive rooms. There is also a sauna, barber shop, department store, billiard room for leisure activities. Due to the complexity of the design of the teahouse, there are 4 stairs to the second floor. The facade of the building is luxurious, the artistic architecture is perfectly creative, and the interior of the building is in harmony with the decorations and color combinations used in the building. Fountain, surrounded by landscapes.

Following the historical formation, project analysis, observations and export requests of the Ferghana Valley teasers above, the following classifications of the Chaykhana buildings are proposed:

Conclusion

As a result of the research, we consider the following factors when designing Fergana Valley chaykhana: in-depth study of the history of the teahouse, the impact of natural climates, the architectural space, the culture, habits and habits of the local population.

It is noteworthy that the main attraction of the population is the formation of chaykhana in the national spirit, the creation of chaykhana in a compact and comfortable atmosphere with spacious atmosphere and decorations.

We have proposed the design, construction, commissioning of Fergana teas and architectural projects based on socio-economic, demographic and natural-climatic conditions.

References

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