Editorial Note on Human Health and Safety

Walaa Fikry Mohammed Elbossaty^*
*Correspondence: Walaa Fikry Mohammed Elbossaty, Department of Biochemistry, Damietta University, Egypt, Email:

Editorial

Safety is a core value at Stanford and the University is committed to continued advancement of an institutional safety culture with strong programs of personal safety, accident and injury prevention,  wellness promotion, and compliance with applicable environmental and health and safety laws and regulations. Geographical distribution of dominance of pathologies (allergies, cancers, respiratory diseases, etc.), information indicating the effect on health (biomarkers, decline of fertility, epidemics) or well-being of humans (fatigue, stress, etc.) linked directly (air pollution, chemicals, depletion of the ozone layer, noise, etc.) or indirectly (food, genetically modified organisms, etc.) to the quality of the environment. The INSPIRE Human Health and Safety (HH) theme describes the geographical distribution of dominance of pathologies, the effect on health or well-being of humans linked to the quality of the environment. Thematic components are human health data, biomarkers, health care/ health services data, health determinant measurement data and events related to safety. Direct or indirect links between pathologies and the quality of the environment, the HH data model is able to accommodate all health data, while linkage of specific health issues and the environment is a matter of a user decision. Stanford University makes all reasonable efforts to: • Promote occupational and personal safety, health and wellness; • Protect the health and safety of Stanford University faculty, staff and students; • Provide  information  to faculty, staff, and students about health and safety hazards; • Identify and correct health and safety hazards and encourage faculty, staff, and students to report potential hazards; • Conduct activities in a manner protective of the  environment,  and inform the Stanford  community regarding environmental  impacts associated with institutional operations; and • Maintain a risk-based emergency management program to reduce the impact of emergency events to the Stanford community. ERA's established health and safety system is based on formal company safety standards that provide assurance that hazards and risks are identified and controlled. Health and safety are core values, guiding all aspects of work from long-term decision making through to day-to-day operations. They apply to all people associated with Ranger operations, including contractors, employees and visitors. Health and safety of workers on the Project will be managed through the existing health and safety systems and standards. ERA will implement an underground safety standard to ensure the highest level of protection for the health and safety of workers. This standard will cover all key underground mining risks including; ground control, emergency response, fire, explosives, hazardous atmospheres, air blasts and inrush of liquids or solids. ERA also has core values relating to radiation safety and protection, with a goal to ensure that radiation exposure to workers, the public and the environment is as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA). This is reflected in our radiation protection policy and radiation protection program. Underground workers will be in close proximity to the uranium ore. The radiation exposure of these workers will be managed by two methods: Dust and radioactive gases will be managed through application of a robust ventilation system coupled to mine scheduling. Gamma radiation (like X-rays, but of higher energy) will be managed by shielding (on equipment, or through the application of shotcrete) and through minimising the exposure time of workers in proximity to higher grade ore. Predicted radiation exposures to workers are higher compared to those typically recorded for the open pit mine. However, they are all well below the safe limits and they are similar to radiation doses recorded at other underground uranium mines worldwide. Members of the public living in Jabiru and eating a traditional diet of bush foods are predicted to receive very low radiation doses; less than 10% of the public dose limit.