Evaluation of the effects of degradable mulching film on the growth, yield and economic benefit of garlic

Victoria Roguez^*
*Correspondence: Victoria Roguez, Department of Agricultural Sciences and Waste Recycling, University of Jaén, Spain, Email:

Introduction

The use of mulching films in agriculture is a common practice aimed at improving crop productivity and managing environmental factors such as temperature, moisture, and weeds. However, the widespread use of non-degradable plastic mulching films has led to significant environmental concerns due to their persistence in the soil, contributing to plastic pollution and affecting soil health. As a result, there has been a growing interest in the development and use of degradable mulching films made from natural materials. These biodegradable films break down over time, reducing the environmental burden associated with traditional plastic mulches. One of the crops that has gained attention for studying the effects of degradable mulching films is garlic, a widely cultivated and economically important crop. Garlic growth, yield, and quality are influenced by various factors such as soil conditions, water availability, and pest control. By using degradable mulching films, it is believed that garlic production can be enhanced while minimizing the negative impacts of non-degradable plastic on the environment. This study evaluates the effects of degradable mulching films on the growth, yield, and economic benefits of garlic cultivation [1].

The degradable mulching films used in agriculture are often made from natural polymers such as starch, cellulose, or Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), which break down under environmental conditions, thus preventing long-term soil contamination. These films offer several benefits over traditional plastic mulches, including improved water retention, better temperature regulation, and weed suppression. For garlic cultivation, these films have the potential to enhance soil moisture conservation, regulate temperature fluctuations, and reduce weed competition, which are crucial factors for optimizing growth and yield. Additionally, the use of degradable mulches can contribute to sustainable agricultural practices by reducing the accumulation of plastic waste. The economic benefits of using degradable mulching films in garlic farming are also worth considering, as they could lead to cost savings in terms of irrigation, labor for weed control, and the long-term health of the soil. This study explores how degradable mulching films affect garlic growth, yield, and the overall economics of garlic farming, with a focus on sustainability and environmental impact [2].

Description

The impact of degradable mulching films on garlic growth and yield is primarily attributed to the film’s ability to conserve soil moisture, maintain consistent soil temperature, and suppress weed growth. Garlic, like many other crops, requires consistent moisture and temperature for optimal growth. The mulching films help retain moisture in the soil, reducing the need for frequent irrigation and minimizing water loss due to evaporation. This is particularly important in regions with limited water availability or during periods of drought. By preventing excessive moisture evaporation, degradable mulches also help maintain a stable soil temperature, which promotes better root development and enhances plant growth. Additionally, these films block sunlight from reaching the soil surface, preventing weed germination and growth, which can otherwise compete with garlic plants for nutrients and water. As a result, the overall growth and vigor of garlic plants can be improved, leading to higher yields [3].

In terms of yield, studies have shown that the use of degradable mulching films can significantly increase the quantity and quality of garlic produced. The improved moisture retention and temperature regulation create optimal conditions for garlic bulb formation and expansion. Furthermore, by reducing weed competition and minimizing soil erosion, degradable mulching films contribute to better nutrient availability for the garlic plants. Garlic bulbs require substantial nutrients to grow to their full potential, and by improving soil conditions, these films ensure that the plants receive the necessary nutrients. The effects of these films on the size and quality of the garlic bulbs are also significant, as they help reduce environmental stress on the plants. As a result, garlic produced under mulching film conditions tends to have higher commercial value, both in terms of quality and marketability, due to its uniform size and better appearance. The increase in yield and quality directly translates into higher returns for farmers, improving the economic viability of garlic cultivation with degradable mulching films [4].

From an economic perspective, the use of degradable mulching films in garlic cultivation can lead to cost savings in several key areas. First, the reduction in water usage due to improved moisture retention lowers irrigation costs, which is particularly beneficial in areas facing water scarcity or high irrigation expenses. Second, the suppression of weed growth reduces the need for herbicide application and manual labor for weed control, thus cutting down on input costs. Additionally, the improved garlic yield and quality mean higher market prices and greater profitability for farmers. The biodegradability of the mulching films also eliminates the disposal costs and environmental concerns associated with traditional plastic mulches, which can remain in the soil for years and require expensive removal. Over time, the use of degradable mulching films can result in lower long-term costs, improved soil health, and enhanced crop productivity, making them a sustainable option for garlic farmers. Overall, the economic benefits of using degradable mulching films can contribute to the profitability of garlic farming while supporting more environmentally responsible agricultural practices [5].

Conclusion

In conclusion, degradable mulching films offer a promising solution to improve the growth, yield, and economic performance of garlic cultivation while mitigating the negative environmental impacts of traditional plastic mulches. By conserving soil moisture, regulating temperature, and controlling weeds, degradable mulching films provide optimal growing conditions for garlic, leading to enhanced plant growth and higher yields. These films also contribute to improved soil health by reducing plastic waste accumulation and eliminating the need for chemical herbicides. The economic advantages of using degradable mulching films, including cost savings in water use, labor for weed control, and enhanced garlic quality, make them a viable alternative to conventional mulching materials. The sustainable nature of degradable mulches aligns with the growing trend toward environmentally responsible farming practices, offering long-term benefits for both farmers and the environment. Further research and development are needed to optimize the materials used for degradable mulching films and to assess their performance in various agricultural contexts, but the potential of these films to revolutionize garlic cultivation and other crops is evident. Their adoption can lead to more sustainable and profitable farming practices, contributing to global efforts to reduce plastic waste and improve food security.

References

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