Editorial - (2022) Volume 13, Issue 3
Received: 24-Feb-2022, Manuscript No. jfr-22-57447;
Editor assigned: 25-Feb-2022, Pre QC No. P-57447;
Reviewed: 01-Mar-2022, QC No. Q-57447;
Revised: 06-Mar-2022, Manuscript No. R-57447;
Published:
06-Mar-2022
Citation: Dash, Subhasini. “Forensic Biology: An Overview.” J Forensic Res 13 (2022): 487. DOI: 10.37421/2157-7145.2022.13.487
Copyright: © 2022 Dash S. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Forensic biology is the use of biology to link a person (or people), whether suspect or victim, to a location, an item (or collection of items), or another person (victim or suspect, respectively). It can be used to conduct additional investigations in both criminal and civil situations. The preservation of chain of custody and contamination prevention are two of the most critical elements to address throughout the collecting, processing, and analysis of evidence, especially given the nature of the bulk of biological evidence. Forensic biology is integrated into and plays an important role in several forensic disciplines, including forensic anthropology, forensic entomology, forensic odontology, forensic pathology, and forensic toxicology. When the term "forensic biology" is used, it is frequently associated with DNA analysis of biological evidence. The concept of using fingerprints as a way of identification was first established in the 7th century, when the earliest known briefings of forensic procedures we still use today were applied. By the 17th century, forensic processes were being utilised to hold criminals accountable for their actions, among other things. Autopsies and forensics have grown in popularity as well as technological breakthroughs in recent years. Alphonse Bertillon was one of the first to apply such ideas to what is now known as forensics. Who was the first to develop a systematic system of personal identification in 1879? Through the advancement of the science of Anthropometry, which entails a set of measures of the body to aid in the identification of one human individual from another.
Karl Landsteiner was another man who made significant findings in the field of forensics not long after. Karl Landsteiner found in 1901 that blood could be classified into four types: A, B, AB, and O. This, of course, led to more research and, finally, a whole new discipline in not only medicine but also criminology. Dr. Leone Lattes is a well-known forensic scientist who has made important contributions to the discipline. In 1915, he devised a simple method for determining the blood group of dried bloodstains. This method was used in criminal investigations. H.O. Albrecht was another individual. H.O. was a German chemist who discovered the chemical solution Luminol in the following years, specifically in 1928. The Luminol illuminates the blood. It is effective in detecting bloodstains at a crime scene. Other more essential and vital men, like as Sir Alec Jeffreys, are to be thanked because they are the ones who developed forensics into what it is today. He invented the DNA fingerprinting technique in 1984 to investigate changes in the genetic code that can be used to distinguish one person from another.
Kary B. Mullis was another man for whom the worlds of medicine and criminology should be grateful. Kary invented the PCR technology in 1993, which was used to amplify DNA fragment samples in vitro. This technique was beneficial for amplifying a DNA sample collected from the scene of a crime in a very small amount, deteriorated state, and a mixture of two or more people's body fluids. This technique has also been used to solve crimes as well as detect infections, viruses, and a variety of other dna-related subjects [1-5].
Journal of Forensic Research received 1817 citations as per Google Scholar report
