Investigation of Phytochemical Constituents of Tobacco (Nicotiana Tobacum L.) Methanol Extract

Introduction

India is the second largest producer of tobacco in the world. Different tobacco products are devised for the use of smoked tobacco. Smokeless tobacco is consumed without burning. So we interested in investigating the phytoconstituents using GC-MS analysis of the methanol extract of Nicotiana Tobacum L.

Materials and Methods

Reagent grade methanol is purchased from Merck and used without further purification. The tobacco material was identified and authenticated by the faculties of Post Graduate Department of Botany, Nallamuthu Gounder Mahalingam College, Pollachi, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu.

Methanol extraction

The dry shaded Nicotianatabacum leaves were collected and taken into the dry round bottom flask. Methanol was added into the round bottom flask [1,2]. The sample was heated for 3 hours at 40ºC in a mandle. The mother -liquid of the sample was collected in a beaker through what man filter paper. The sample was filtered and concentrated [3]. Then it is allowed to cool, storied in a container and kept in freezer for further investigation.

GC-MS analysis

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) is an instrumental technique, comprising a gas chromatograph (GC) coupled to a mass spectrometer (MS), by which complex mixtures of chemicals may be separated, identified and quantified [4,5]. GC-MS analysis of extract was carried out on Gas Chromatograph interfaced to a Mass Spectrometer equipped with a DB-5 MS capillary standard non-polar column of 30 m length, 0.25 μm thickness. Helium was used as a carrier gas at a constant flow of 0.1 ml/min and the temperature was 350ºC for 20 minutes. The sample of 100 ml was dissolved in 1ml of methanol and injected with split less mode. Mass spectra were recovered over 50-500 amu range with electron impact ionization energy 70eV, where injector and MS transfer line temperature were set at 230ºC and 280ºC respectively.

Conclusion

The Phytoconstituents from methanol extract of Nicotianatabacum was analysed by GC-MS method. Results revealed that around 36 constituents were present in the extract, Most of the chemical constituents obtained were found to be known carcinogens. The product is toxic to the cells. So it is highly recommended for further cytotoxicity analysis.

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