Major Fields in Management System

Abbie Jenkins^*
*Correspondence: Dr. Abbie Jenkins, Department of Economics, Tufts University, Massachusetts, USA, Email:

Description

Management Information System (MIS)

Management is a process of planning, making decisions, organizing, directing, motivating, and controlling an organization's human, financial, physical, and information resources to achieve its objectives effectively and efficiently.

A management information system is an advanced system for managing the information system of a company or institution. It is an automated database that needs and is programmed to generate methodical reports for every level of work. In simple terms, the Management Information System or MIS provides feedback to the managers themselves on their performance. With the help of this system, top management can oversee the entire company. This system compares the "actual" results with the planned profits and with last year's results.

In this way, it helps to measure the company's progress against last year's performance and targets. A management information system collects data from the various business units and functions. However, some data is collected only through connected computer meters and remain data entered into the system periodically. Reports are generated intermittently and can also be obtained on demand using a built-in query language. There are some types of management information systems which are discussed below:

Process control

This system monitors the physical or industrial processes of companies such as automobile assembly, oil, and gas processes, or metal fabrication. The process control system continuously collects data and then reports on the system's performance. This is one of the most important types of management information systems in any manufacturing business.

Reports help managers evaluate process performance and inform about the occurrence of a certain event over time. In addition, it also shows the number of times the production system differs from the cyclical production process. This type of information is useful for evaluating the efficiency of the production system and also for monitoring the safety of workers and machines.

Management reporting system

This system is designed to produce reports on the activities and finances of all levels of management in a company. The management reporting system helps the manager of the company to compare the performance of the company with the performance of the past year and with the expected performance. In this way, the manager can assess his performance and work towards improving the company's performance. This report is used by senior management to compare the financial output and efficiency of operations with the goals set for the company.

Sales and marketing

This system helps management perform and monitor the effectiveness of a company's marketing and sales functions. Following are the marketing features that the sales and marketing system supports.

Sales forecast

Improved product quality

Management of distribution networks

Assembly and monitoring of stores and advertising schedules

Effective application of advertising, public relations, and promotions

Prices, discounts, and advertising

These reports indicate that the sales of products are maximum and products that are not doing well in the various stores of the company.

Accounting and finance

Accounting and financial systems track a company's investments and assets. The data collected from these reports is collected for financial reports required by law to process functions such as federal, payroll, local taxes, and state and pension funds. This system generates the results required for regular financial audits and also generates annual reports for senior management. The accounting and financial system also facilitate the day-to-day accounting of regular transactions such as sales receipts, bank deposits, transfers, and returns. All monthly and annual statements, such as profit and loss accounts, balance sheets, are produced from this system. These statements are critical to know the company's performance for middle and senior management and to tracking and comparing the company's current financial position with the company's past financial place and predetermined goals for future growth.

School information management system

A 'SIMS' school information system enables a school to effectively manage the day-to-day activities of the school. Many schools are adopting this technology to shape the minds of young people and tackle all the behind-the-scenes activities of a school. The school information system has reduced the work of updating and managing student attendance records. Now, the school information system runs this activity smoothly, and teachers can save time for other productive activities.

This paper concludes that Management Information System (MIS) is an integrated user-machine system that provides information to support operations, management, and decision-making functions at different levels of an organization. Organizations recognize that MIS is a special system that is useful for management purposes.