Nano Encapsulation of Natural Products for Chemoprevention

Sandeep Kumar Kar^*
*Correspondence: Sandeep Kumar Kar, Department of Cardiac Anesthesiology Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India, Email:

Chemoprevention by use of natural products has arisen as a significant system that has the potential to prevent the occurrence of cancer mainly by slowing the process of carcinogenesis. Research center information upheld by a few epidemiological and some clinical investigations have approved that bioactive food components produce an expansive range of exercises that at last come full circle in dragging out the improvement time for cancer outcome. With an armamentarium of more than 1500 such compounds great hope for cancer control rest on chemoprevention. Regardless of astounding viability in preclinical settings, its appropriateness to human has met with restricted mainly due to inefficient systemic delivery and poor bioavailability of promising chemo preventive agents. In this way, novel systems are expected to improve the bioavailability and reduced perceived toxicity associated with the longterm use of potentially useful bioactive food components. We presented an original idea of 'nanochemoprevention' where nanotechnology was taken advantage of to expand the result of chemoprevention. In our examination, we revealed critical portion benefit of polylactic acid-polyethylene glycol (PLA-PEG) exemplified EGCG, a significant polyphenol from green tea (nano EGCG) over non-embodied (local) EGCG [1-3].

Nano EGCG showed more than ten times portion advantage for applying its ace apoptotic and anti-angiogenic impacts in human prostate cancer cells. It is progressively valued that nanoparticle innovation could be handily used for cancer in view of the way that the majority of the biological processes occur at Nanoscale. Our idea of Nano chemoprevention opened a new era in the field of cancer chemoprevention. A few labs overall are now focusing their attention on the subject and emerging data is accumulating for use of many agents using diverse nanoparticles. Some other normally happening dietary specialists which have been tried for chemoprevention following nano encapsulation are curcumin, resveratrol and taxol. These information at present is restricted to use in cell culture or xenograft model. Stretching out this examination to in vivo assessment in clear cut animal bioassay framework ought to be the following stage. Nanoparticles can include assortment of materials like polymers, metals, and pottery. These particles embrace various shapes and sizes with unmistakable properties dependent on combination strategies and the materials. More than 100 sorts of nanoparticles are under different phases of advancement and their viability assessment. As a general rule, these are used as medication conveyance frameworks, polymer-drug forms, polymer microspheres, micelles, and different ligand-designated items. A few nanotechnology-based builds are at present in clinical or preclinical turn of events and a few of these are now supported by the FDA [4].

'Nano-encapsulation' is the term commonly utilized where nanoparticles are made including a center shaping material with a layer of surface change to upgrade the soundness and bio distribution and a specialist (natural or synthetic) is utilized as the payload. Nano-biotechnologies have been applied to further develop drug conveyance and to beat a portion of the issues of medication conveyance in cancer. In view of the expected utilize the nanoparticles could be surface changed and formed to a few moieties for designated conveyance and additionally treatment of cancer(s). There are a few nano-carrier based medications in the market going from nano-particulate albumin, liposomes, polymer-protein conjugates etc. which are intended for use against a variety of cancers. Our evidence of rule concentrate on nano-chemo prevention showed the usefulness of nano-particulate innovation to upgrade the remedial adequacy of regular specialists. Our and different examinations regarding the matter propose that this space of exploration, however at beginning phase is promising. Further, nanotechnology intervened conveyance of bioactive food parts could likewise be exceptionally successful due of the way that nanoparticles seldom represent any harmfulness to ordinary cells and is by and large biodegradable; in this way, nanoparticles are viewed as protected. Because of these properties nanotechnology could be used with significant benefit over as of now utilized chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic methodologies for cancer. A side from the nano-chemoprevention side of the studies worldwide have shown that nanotechnology is a plausible approach for cancer diagnosis, imaging and therapeutics [5].

Nanotechnology could be created as inexpensive, tolerable and readily applicable approach for cancer control and management. Moreover the progression in nano-chemo-prevention may assist us with accomplishing the higher centralizations of the phytochemicals which are out of reach when the specialists are given as a feature of ordinary eating routine. There is a little word of caution that the prospective research needs to address the potential long-term toxicity, degradation and metabolism of nanotechnology agents being utilized for integrated imaging, detection and therapy. So far, the results obtained from the nano-encapsulated natural products are very encouraging and their sustained release and improved bioavailability at much lower doses against a variety of cancers are evident.

References

1. Blaiszik, BJ, Sottos NR, and White SR. "Nanocapsules for self-healing materials". Composites Sci Tech 68 (2008): 978-986.
2.  Zhao, Muxun, Biliang Hu, Zhen Gu, and Kye-Il Joo, et al. "Degradable polymeric nanocapsule for efficient intracellular delivery of a high molecular weight tumor-selective protein complex". Nano Today 8 (2013): 11-20.
3.  Ezhilarasi, PN, Karthik P, Chhanwal N, and Anandharamakrishnan C, et al. "Nanoencapsulation Techniques for Food Bioactive Components: A Review". Food and Bioprocess Tech 6 (2012): 628-647.
4.  https://www.who.int/home/cms-decommissioning. (2020).
5.  https://www.givewell.org/charities/malaria-consortium. (2020).