Prevalence of New Studies in Bacteriology

Natalia Eldere^*
*Correspondence: Natalia Eldere, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, KU Leuven, Belgium, Email:

Description

Bacteriology is a field and specialty of biology that studies bacterial morphology, ecology, genetics, biochemistry, and many other related aspects. This microbiology subdivision includes identification, classification, and characterization of bacterial species. The field of bacteriology is expanding as microbiology because of the similar ideas and working styles of non-bacterial microorganisms such as protozoa, fungi, and viruses. These terms were often used as synonyms in the past. However, bacteriology can itself be classified as a science.

Due to significant advances in bacteriology over the last century, many effective vaccines (pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, etc.) and other less effective vaccines (cholera, typhoon, pesto vaccine, etc.) were developed. Another major advance was the discovery of antibiotics. These antibacterial agents did not eradicate bacterial infections, but they are powerful therapeutic tools. Their effectiveness is diminished by the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains (currently a major medical management issue).

Bacteriology

Nevertheless, many serious bacterial infections continue. Most of the diseases known today to have a bacteriological etiology have been known for hundreds of years. Centuries before Antonie van Leeuwenhoek first described the bacterium in 1677, some ancient Chinese books described it as contagious was detected. Occasionally, previously undetected diseases may be associated with new bacterial populations.

One example is legionellosis, an acute respiratory infection caused by the previously unknown genus Legionella. The newly recognized pathogen, Helicobacter, also plays an important role in gastrointestinal disorders. Another important example of understanding the etiology of sexually transmitted diseases was the association of at least 50% of cases of urethral inflammation in male patients with ureaplasma urealyticum or chlamydia trachomatis.

Medical bacteriology

Medical bacteriology is essentially a branch of bacteriology focused on human pathogens. This includes the detection and identification of various bacterial pathogens and the mechanisms by which they cause various diseases. In medical bacteriology, it is very important to understand the relationship between these organisms (parasites in this case) and the host (primary and secondary). Not only can you help point out how to treat the disease that is caused, but you can also find measures that can prevent or at least minimize the infection rate. In this respect, bacteriology is closely related to immunology and epidemiology. However, this mainly affects bacterial infections and illnesses.

Food and water bacteriology are some of the other areas closely related to medical bacteriology. Life-critical foods are also the vehicle by which different bacteria can cause different types of infections and poisonings. Food contamination by these organisms causes illnesses that can range from mild illnesses to serious incidents with fatal consequences. Food bacteriology is closely related to medical bacteriology in terms of infectious diseases and illnesses, but it is also an important area of research in the food industry.

Another usefulness of molecular diagnostics in bacteriology is the identification of organisms that cannot be distinguished by conventional biochemical tests. Various sequencing techniques, such as pyrosequencing, can be used to identify these organisms. Compare the results with a biochemical test to determine which organism it is and whether further testing is needed.