Textile Related Allergies: Control, Medical Research and an Outlook on the Future

Honey Gupta^*
*Correspondence: Honey Gupta, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, Email:

Keywords

Non-eczema variants • Antimicrobial dressings • Smart textiles

Introduction

One of the leading industries is the textile industry, which has a global market that is constantly expanding. During the process of developing or producing clothing and textiles, numerous chemicals and water are required, resulting in notorious pollution rates and harm to human health as well as the environment. In addition, it is common knowledge that the toxic and nonbiodegradable by-products of dyes used to color textiles end up in oceans and seas. Textiles have well-established dying processes. Nowadays, optical brighteners, finishing agents, biocides, flame retardants, and other dyes are frequently used. The dyes' ability to penetrate the skin and cause allergies is a major disadvantage. Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease brought on by coming into contact with allergens or other substances that irritate the skin. Consequently, it can show up as aggravation contact dermatitis or hypersensitive contact dermatitis. Additionally, the second type can be divided into eczema and non-eczema contact dermatitis. Additionally, certain allergic skin reactions are type 4 hypersensitive, which causes the immune system to be activated and cytokines to be produced. There are a variety of in vitro assays, such as cytokine detection assays, and in vivo testing methods, such as patch testing, that can be used to determine a compound's potential to cause allergies or irritation. Additionally, some medical textiles, such as sutures, have shown promise as potential antimicrobials [1].

Discussion

However, triclosan coating the fibers can also cause contact dermatitis. Biguanide derivatives like chlorhexidine, which are used in drug-loaded sutures and dressings, are excellent potential candidates as antimicrobial resistance necessitates the development of new methods or alternatives. In order to overcome the challenges posed by the materials that are actually used, they are outfitted with sensors and electrical features. Wearable electrical textiles that can detect and respond to environmental stimuli are one example of these new inventions. Wireless communication is also available, making it easier and faster for doctors to diagnose a patient's condition and provide individualized, more targeted treatment. The purpose of this review article is to provide an overview of the issues that the textile dyeing industry faces. However, the focus will be on sutures in order to increase their antimicrobial activity, which will result in future medical textiles, and to decrease their resistance to antimicrobials, thereby increasing their effectiveness. Shading specialists assume a significant part in material industry. Since the 19th century, synthetic textile dyes have been developed. In contrast to many synthetic dyes, natural colorants derived from animals, plants, and minerals are frequently utilized due to their lower toxicity and allergenic potential and biodegradability of wastewater by-products. Additionally, dyes' chemical structure has a significant impact on color intensity in terms of aromatic rings, chromophoric groups, and auxochromic groups. Auxochromes are needed to fix a tone because of their polar nature and the possibility of interacting with fibers [2].

Conclusion

Chemical structure or application can be used to classify textile coloring agents. In addition, the fiber or textile that will be tinted determines the appropriate dye to use. Because they are simple to apply and relatively inexpensive, agents of azo dyes are the primary components of coloring materials used to impart pigmentation to synthetic fibers. Heterocyclic azo dyes have advantages over carbocyclic molecules in terms of color strength, light fastness, and brighter shades. Furthermore, these synthetic designs incorporate at least one azo gatherings clung to auxochromes, like hydroxyl or amino gatherings. Paraphenylenediamine (PPD), a chemical compound that is toxic and can cause contact dermatitis, eye conditions like chemosis, or permanent blindness, is the main component of azo dyes [3-5].

Acknowledgement

None.

Conflict of Interest

None.

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