Cancer Hypothesis

International Conference on Cancer Biology & Drug Delivery

September 18-19, 2017 | Philadelphia, USA

John Cheung Yuen Chan

Bigpond, Australia

Posters & Accepted Abstracts: J Cancer Sci Ther

Abstract :

Genetic engineering is the process of incorporating new DNA into an organism to create new traits in that organism. When a gene is taken from one organism and inserted into another, it gives the recipient organism the ability to express that same trait. During the DNA replication process, the DNA strand can sometimes break. Virus infected human cells, such as human papilloma virus (HPV) in the cervix or a hepatitis virus the in liver, could potentially insert their viral genes into the newly replicated cells at the point of breakage. The exogenous viral genes would effectively be genetically engineering these new cells. The new cells will express the traits of the viral genes they arose from. The new cells are GMOs. After the Great Oxygenation Event (GOE), viruses invaded our mammalian ancestors and left their genetic relics in the genome. These endogenous viral genes are mostly dormant, but still retain some of the viral traits. About 8% of the human genome is made up of endogenous retrovirus and other viral genetic relics. Statistically, the more endogenous retroviruses that exist in a species, the higher the cancer incidence will be in that species. Viral genetic relics can also potentially insert themselves into a DNA breakage point during DNA replication. The dormant viral genes would genetically engineer the replicated new cells to express their viral traits, including the ability to proliferate. Most cancer originates either from exogenous or endogenous viral genes; thus it is viral-gene cancer. The mammalian genome evolved from anaerobic eukaryotes rather than by starting afresh after the GOE. The ancient genes remain deeply imbedded in the mammalian genome. With the chaotic replication of viral-gene cancer, the ancient genes have been incorporated into new GM cells. Hallmarks of cancer: A mammalian viral-gene cancer will express the traits of the viral genes from which it arose, that is, the traits of aerobic metabolism organisms. Ancient-gene cancers, genetically engineered later from the ancient genes, will express the traits of anaerobic metabolism organisms. Thus, cancers have two stages of metabolism. Late-stage cancers metabolize glucose by fermentation, producing acidity, and prefer living in a hypoxic environment. Humans are multicellular organisms; our cells co-operate with each other. Viruses and ancient eukaryotes are unicellular organisms; they are selfish and proliferate without regard for other cells. Ancient-gene cancer has the traits of the ancient eukaryotes which lived in water; cancer cells can break off from a tumour because they lack adhesiveness, and can squeeze through the extracellular matrix to enter and leave the blood vessels because of their reduced stiffness. Therefore, cancer can metastasize to other organs. As there was no ozone layer to protect them from ultraviolet radiation, the ancient eukaryotes lived in water. If they were washed onto land, they would become dormant. Ancient-gene cancer possesses these same traits as the ancient eukaryotes. It metastasizes mostly into soft tissues and responds to external assaults by retreating into dormancy, therefore it resists chemotherapy. Radiotherapy under hypoxia is a less effective.