Cardiometabolic remodeling in obesity-associated heart failure: Role of apelin

American Heart Congress - CVD

October 05-06, 2018 | Los Angeles, USA

Oksana Kunduzova

National Institute of Health and Medical Research, France

Scientific Tracks Abstracts: J Cardiovasc Dis Diagn

Abstract :

Background/Objectives: Impaired cardiac energy metabolism is a signature of obesity-related heart failure. The adipocyte-derived peptide apelin has a role in the regulation of cardiovascular and metabolic homeostasis and may contribute to the link between myocardial energy metabolism and cardiac function. Here we explore the role of apelin in the metabolic remodeling of the heart in obese-associated heart failure.

Methods: Adult male C57BL/6J, apelin knock-out (KO) or wild-type mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 18 weeks. To induce heart failure, mice were subjected to pressure overload after 18 weeks of HFD. Long-term effects of apelin on fatty acid (FA) oxidation, glucose metabolism, cardiac function, and mitochondrial changes were evaluated in HFD-fed mice after 4 weeks of pressure overload. Cardiomyocytes from HFD-fed mice were isolated for analysis of metabolic responses.

Results: In obese mice, pressure overload-induced transition from hypertrophy to heart failure is associated with reduced FA utilization (P<0.05), accelerated glucose oxidation (P<0.05) and mitochondrial damage. Treatment of HFD-fed mice with apelin for 4 weeks prevented pressure overload-induced decline in FA metabolism (P<0.05) and mitochondrial defects. Furthermore, apelin treatment lowered fasting plasma glucose (P<0.01), improved glucose tolerance (P<0.05) and preserved cardiac function (P<0.05) in HFD-fed mice subjected to pressure overload. In apelin KO HFD-fed mice, spontaneous cardiac dysfunction is associated with reduced FA oxidation (P<0.001) and increased glucose oxidation (P<0.05). In isolated cardiomyocytes, apelin stimulated FA oxidation in a dose-dependent manner and this effect was prevented by small interfering RNA sirtuin 3 knockdown.

Conclusions: These data suggest that obesity-related decline in cardiac function is associated with defective myocardial energy metabolism and mitochondrial abnormalities. Furthermore, our work points for the therapeutic potential of apelin to prevent myocardial metabolic abnormalities in obesity-associated heart failure.

Biography :

Oksana Kunduzova is currently working for Physiopathology and Molecular Mechanics of Cardiometabolic Remodelling in France. She has published many international papers in various Journals. Her main focus of our work is to understand how cardiac cells respond to bioactive factors to contribute to remodeling processes, and thereby to heart adaptation or disease

E-mail: oxana.koundouzova@inserm.fr