Dental enamel as biomarker for environmental contaminants in relevant industrialized estuary areas in São Paulo, Brazil

JOINT EVENT:25^th World Congress on CANCER SCIENCE AND THERAPY & 10^th World Congress on BIOMARKERS & CLINICAL RESEARCH

October 18-20, 2017 Baltimore, USA

Vera Lucia Ferreira de Oliveira ,Raquel Fernanda Gerlach, Lourdes Conceicao Martins, Carolina de Souza Guerra, Paulo Frazao, Alfesio Luis Ferreira Braga and Luiz Alberto Amador Pereira

University Santa Cec�?�?�?­lia, Brazil
University of S�?�?�?£o Paulo, Brazil
Catholic University of Santos, Brazil

Posters & Accepted Abstracts: J Cancer Sci Ther

Abstract :

Heavy metal contamination is a long-standing and very well-known public health problem, and its exposure can cause damage to several organs of human body, especially on the central nervous system of young children and teenagers. The aim of this article is to evaluate lead, cadmium, and manganese contamination in 125 children from 6 to 13 years old living in contaminated areas during the period from 2006 to 2009 (S�?�?�?£o Vicente, Cubat�?�?�?£o Downtown, Bertioga and Cubat�?�?�?£o Pil�?�?�?µes/�?�?�?gua Fria). This estuary area is the most important example of environmental degradation by chemicals from industrial sources. This is across-sectional study through clinical examinations and dental enamel tests. All mothers from these children lived in the area since before the pregnancy. Lead, cadmium, and manganese levels (�?�?�?¼g/g) were measured on dental enamel samples through graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, searching for the occurrence of heavy metals. The mean lead concentrations were 139.48 �?�?�?¼g/g in Cubat�?�?�?£o Pil�?�?�?µes/�?�?�?gua Fria, 170.45 �?�?�?¼g/g in Cubat�?�?�?£o Downtown, 213.52 �?�?�?¼g/g in S�?�?�?£o Vicente, and 151.89 �?�?�?¼g/g in Bertioga. The mean cadmium concentrations were 10.83 �?�?�?¼g/g in Cubat�?�?�?£o Pil�?�?�?µes/�?�?�?gua Fria, 12.58 �?�?�?¼g/g in Cubat�?�?�?£o Downtown, 10.92 �?�?�?¼g/g in S�?�?�?£o Vicente, and 14.57 �?�?�?¼g/g in Bertioga. The mean manganese concentrations were 23.49 �?�?�?¼g/g in Cubat�?�?�?£o Pil�?�?�?µes/�?�?�?gua Fria, 30.90 �?�?�?¼g/g in Cubat�?�?�?£o Downtown, 41.46 �?�?�?¼g/g in S�?�?�?£o Vicente, and 42.00 �?�?�?¼g/g in Bertioga. Dental surface enamel may be used as an efficient biomarker of past environmental exposure to lead, manganese, and cadmium which are associated to wellknown sources of heavy metal contamination. The results suggest that the evaluated children were exposed to sources of lead, cadmium, and manganese since before their conceptions.Although Bertioga initially was chosen as a control area of this study, it was also verified to have heavy metal contamination on examined children.