Effect of dietary supplementation of probiotics Bacillus subtilis on growth performance and physio-immune responses in Penaeus vannamei cultured in low saline waters

Proceedings of Microbial Interactions 2021 & Pharmaceutical Microbiology 2021

October 06-07, 2021 WEBINAR

Tamilarasu A*, Ahilan B, Gopalakannan A and Somu Sunder Lingam R

Department of Aquaculture, Dr. M. G. R. FC&RI, Chennai 601 204, Tamil Nadu, India
ICAR-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Nagapattinam 611 002, Tamil Nadu, India
Krishnagiri-Barur Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture, Tamil Nadu Dr. J.Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Barur, Krishnagiri 635 201, Tamil Nadu, India

Posters & Accepted Abstracts: JMMD

Abstract :

The study was conducted to examine the effect of probiotics, Bacillus subtilis, on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, histopathological changes, and immune resistance against Vibrio alginolyticus in Penaeus vannamei grown under low saline waters. The study includes control (without B. subtilis) and experimental (with B. subtilis) diets that were fed four times daily at 10% of animal body weight, for 6 weeks in duplicate ponds (100 m2). B. subtilis incorporated diet-fed group showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) weight gain (4.96 ± 0.06 g), final weight (4.98 ± 0.08 g), average daily growth (0.12 ± 0.00 g), specific growth rate (12.26 ± 0.03 %/day), and survival rate (92.21 ± 0.34%) compared to control group. Similarly, B. subtilis supplemented diet-fed group significantly higher (P < 0.05) digestive enzyme activities of lipase (844.92 ± 122.19 U/mg protein), amylase (8.70 ± 1.04 U/mg protein), protease (2.44 ± 0.50 U/mg protein) and cellulase (28.50 ± 2.67 U/mg protein). A challenge study was conducted at the end of the trial, using Vibrio alginolyticus, which found higher (73.33 ± 3.33%) cumulative mortality in the control group compared to the B. subtilis treated group (15.00 ± 2.88%). Immune and antioxidant enzyme activities phenoloxidase (10.15 ± 0.42 U/mg protein), SOD (38.52 ± 1.40 U/mg protein), and catalase (0.34 ± 0.04 U/mg protein) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the B. subtilis treated group after challenging with V. alginolyticus. Interestingly, histopathology of the B. subtilis supplemented group showed no deformity in the hepatopancreas and intestine. Altogether, the study revealed that the inclusion of B. subtilis in the P. vannamei diet enhances the growth performance, physio-metabolic activities, and immunity against Vibrio pathogen, indicating B. subtilis as a promising probiotic for the shrimp aquaculture industry. Key words: probiotics, cumulative mortality, immunity, digestive enzymes, histopathology.
Recent Publications
1. Tamilatasu A, Ahilan B, Gopalakannan A, Somu SLR (2021) Evaluation of probiotic potential of Bacillus strains on growth performance and physiological responses in Penaeus vannamei. Aquac Res 52(7):3124-3136.
2. Amoah, K., Huang, Q.C., Tan, B.P., Zhang, S., Chi, S.Y., Yang, Q.H., Liu, H.Y. and Dong, X.H., 2019. Dietary supplementation of probiotic Bacillus coagulans ATCC 7050, improves the growth performance, intestinal morphology, microflora, immune response, and disease confrontation of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 87, pp.796-808.
3. Kavitha M, Raja M, Perumal P (2018) Evaluation of probiotic potential of Bacillus spp. isolated from the digestive tract of freshwater fish Labeo calbasu (Hamilton, 1822). Aquacult Rep 11:59-69.
4. Chai PC, Song XL, Chen GF, Xu H, Huang J (2016) Dietary supplementation of probiotic Bacillus PC465 isolated from the gut of Fenneropenaeus chinensis improves the health status and resistance of Litopenaeus vannamei against white spot syndrome virus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 54:602-611.
5. Li CC, Yeh ST, Chen JC (2010) Innate immunity of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei weakened by the combination of a Vibrio alginolyticus injection and low-salinity stress. Fish Shellfish Immunol