Moni N E1, Nyegue M A2, Ndoye-Foe M-C1, Etoa F-X1 and Menut C2
1University of Yaounde I, Cameroon 2Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron, France
Posters-Accepted Abstracts: Altern Integr Med
Diarrhoeal diseases are responsible for childhood death worldwide; in Cameroon, 36.9% of them are induced by bacteria. Taking into consideration the problems of bacterial resistance, it becomes imperative to look for efficient alternative antibacterial substances. Our work consisted of determining bacteria linked to infant diarrhoea and to evaluate the antibacterial activity nine essential oils of plants on targeted stains. A retrospective study of five weeks about infant diarrhea carried out in C.H.U, Yaounde enabled us to collect the responsible bacterial stain. Our essential oils samples used were obtained by steam distillation of 9 plants (Eucalyptus globulus; Cymbopogon citratus; Xylopia aethiopica; Thymus vulgaris; Ocimum canum; Cananga odorata; Citrus medica; Citrus paradise and Citrus reticulata) using the clevenger apparatus. Those that showed bioactivity were analyzed by GC and then GC/MS. Then, their bioactivity was tested by diffusion and microdilution method on some strains of bacteria origin for childhood diarrhea (E. coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Shigella flexneri and Proteus vulgaris). Three active essential oils (Cymbopogon citratus, Eucalyptus globulus and Thymus vulgaris) were combined with Cymbopogon citratus as common base in proportions 2/1; 1/1; 1/2 and retested against the bacterial strains cited. The results obtained showed that 10, 8% of childhood diarrhoea was caused by bacteria E. coli (9.0%) and Salmonella spp. (1.9%). The chemical analysis of the active essential oils showed that most of actives essential oils contain hydrocarbons monoterps and exogenous monoterpens instead of Eucalyptus and Cananga that showed exogenous monoterpens and sesquiterpens in their composition. The active essential oils were less active (MIC between 25 and 0.39 mg/mL) than combinations (MIC between 6.25 and 0.195 mg/mL). The most active essential oil was that of Cymbopogon citratus and that of Citrus medica was the least active, whereas the most active combinations were those of Thymus. The efficiency of Thymus combinations Th1 and Th2 (MIC between 1.562 and 0.195 mg/mL) on Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus strains showed that they can be used respectively as potential drugs or conservatives in aromatherapy and food industry in order to limit bacterial contamination.
Alternative & Integrative Medicine received 476 citations as per Google Scholar report
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