Gynaecological cytology in detection of infective, premalignant and malignant conditions

2^nd International Conference on Cancer Biology and Therapeutics

June 17, 2024 | Rome, Italy

Nandini N.M

JSS Medical College, India

Scientific Tracks Abstracts: J Oncol Transl Res

Abstract :

The various types of lesion of female reproductive tract vary depending upon factors like age, parity, socio-physical activities, hormonal status and geographical location. Some of these factors are more significant in underdeveloped parts of globe. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health problem. Globally, more than a million STIs are acquired every day and have a direct impact on the reproductive and child health and an indirect impact on the national and individual economies. Papanicolaou smear (Pap smear) of the uterine cervix is a simple, quick, and inexpensive screening procedure for cervical cancer. Pap smear also helps in detecting or at least gives a clue to the presence of STIs such as trichomoniasis, Candida, Antinomies, herpes simplex virus (HSV), cytomegalovirus, and human papillomavirus (HPV). Active screening and treatment of women for precancerous lesions, particularly in developing countries, have a very high chance of total elimination of deaths from cervical cancer. Squamous cell abnormalities that can be detected by cervical cytology include ASC-US, atypical squamous cells-high-grade cannot be excluded (ASC-H), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), high-grade squamous intraepithelial session (HSIL), and invasive squamous cancer. Glandular cell abnormalities include atypical glandular cells (AGC), including endocervical and endometrial cells (not otherwise specified or favour neoplastic), endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), and adenocarcinoma. Premalignant conditions like LSIL represented by conditions like inflammation, koilocytic atypia, herpes infection, radiation changes HSIL are also important for early diagnosis and treatment. Malignant tumours’ of cervix and endometrium are the commonest lesions among female reproductive organs. conventional pap smear is a commonly used method for screening which has helped to detect and reduce cancers of the female genital tract, it has its limitations which can be overcome by liquid based cytology and other ancillary studies like hip testing and cell block studies.

Biography :

Dr Nandini N. M, Professor, JSS Medical College, Mysore, is attached as a teaching faculty from the past 25 years in the department of pathology . She has worked in the field of cytology of cervix and breast. She has attended many national and international conferences in countries like U.K, USA, Singapore and Netherland. She has worked on liquid based cytology, cell block technique and has come up with indegenious methods. She has severeal publications and books to her credit written on cervical and breast cancer.