Langerhans cell histiocytosis: Review of the literature and a case study in an adult

JOINT EVENT:19^th Euro Congress on Cancer Science and Therapy & 25^th Cancer Nursing & Nurse Practitioners Conference

July 17-19, 2017 Lisbon, Portugal

Nilgun Katranci

Gaz�±antep Univers�±ty, Turkey

Posters & Accepted Abstracts: J Cancer Sci Ther

Abstract :

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease characterized with abnormal proliferation of histiocytes originated from bone marrow with an unknown etiology. It is usually seen in the pediatric age group and defined in three different ways as Eosinophilic Granuloma, Hand Schuller Christ�±an and Letterer-Siwe according to clinical and pathological characteristics. The disease can be local or systemic and involvement can be seen mostly in skin, bone, lymph nodes, lungs and central nervous systems. Men are affected more often than women. Its etiology is not yet known and it is still controversial whether it is a neoplastic process or an atypical immunological reaction. According to the studies conducted, the recent findings towards mutation of BRAF and MAP2K1 suggest that the disease has a neoplastic origin. It is reported that the diagnosis of LCH is sometimes difficult and it can be diagnosed lately or even be unnoticed in the adult population in particular. Although PET-BT application is useful in the diagnosis, it has been reported to be insufficient to establish a final diagnosis. There are not any symptoms, physical examinations or laboratory findings that are specific to the disease, and it is diagnosed by immunohistochemical analysis. The definitive diagnosis is obtained by showing the Langerhans cells stained with S-100 and CD1a antigen in the biopsy. It is reported that LCH is characterized by either a single or a large number of bone lesions and it can involve all the bones, especially the skull and it is mostly reported to be involved in pelvis and ribs. The diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is mostly seen in patients aged from 1 to 3, and seen as cases that are not well-diagnosed in adult patients. In this study, LCH diagnosis of a 37-years old patient, who was suffering from a severe pain in the thoracic spine for 2 years, and his treatment process is presented as a case. Although it is a rarely seen disease in adults, it should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of this disease and the number of cases should be increased in order to create a standard treatment procedure.

Biography :

Email: nilselgun@hotmail.com