Prostate stem cells and cadmium in the development of BPH to PCa: Revealing the secret

9^th Indo Global Summit on Cancer Therapy

November 02-04, 2015 Hyderabad, India

Sarita Gupta

Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, India

Posters-Accepted Abstracts: J Cancer Sci Ther

Abstract :

Aberrant proliferation of prostate stem cells lead to Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) which are common prostatic disorders affecting elderly men. Hormonal imbalance, disruption of cell proliferation, apoptosis, chronic inflammation, aging and environmental pollutants are prominent factors contributing to the pathophysiology of the diseases. Environmental pollutants such as cadmium (Cd) with an androgen mimicking activity induce hormonal imbalance and hence are potential carcinogens. Proliferative and carcinogenic effects of Cd on the prostate have been shown earlier in vitro and in vivo. Cd can induce malignant transformation of non-tumorigenic human prostate epithelial (HPrE) cells into tumorigenic cells in vitro. Whether the same effect can be seen in BPH cells leading to the conversion of prostate cancer is not yet known. Hence, this study focused on the dose dependant role of cadmium in BPH to cancer progression. Another key target for tumorogenesis in human prostate is stem cells. Therefore, it is vital to understand the role of cadmium in stem cells in prostate carcinogenesis. As a prerequisite, we isolated stem cell population from BPH patients which expressed basal and epithelial cell markers and formed teratomas when transplanted into balb/c mice along with three germ layers formation. Further evaluation of cytotoxic concentration, morphological assessment and cell cycle analysis confirmed the dose dependant role of cadmium in disease conversion. Current treatment strategy involves removal of hyperplasic region by surgical intervention which is only short term relief from BPH and may revert back in due course of ageing. Thus understanding the etiology of stem cells and intervention of environmental pollutants will help to better control the disease.

Biography :

Email: saritagupta9@gmail.com