Wastewater production, treatment and use in India

3^rd International Conference on Hydrology & Meteorology

September 15-16, 2014 Hyderabad International Convention Centre, India

Anurodh Mohan Dayal

Young Research Forum: Hydrol Current Res

Abstract :

Water security is emerging as increasingly important and vital issues for India with the growth rate in population and living standard. Major city in the India were developed along the major river as the water as source for daily need and industry was available. But with the rapid growth of population, industrial and urbanization most of the river basins in India are experiencing severe water shortages. In rural area agricultural growth with multiple crops in a year has increased the demand of water. Current and future fresh water demand could be met by enhancing water use efficiency and demand management. Essential treatment of wastewater or low quality water is potential source for the increasing demand of water in 2020. With the current statics the estimated sewage generated in major cities of India is 38350 million litres per day (MLD). The sewage treatment capacity in the country is only of 11786 MLD. Similarly, only 60% of industrial waste water, mostly large scale industries, is treated. Remaining 40% goes to the rivers or ponds without any treatment and pollute the surface water. Performance of sewage treatment plants working in different states for treating municipal waste water, and common effluent treatment plants, for treating effluent from small scale industries, is also not complying with prescribed standards. Such water from the treatment plants is not suitable for household purpose. This is being used mostly to agricultural and industrial purposes. However, there is high risk associated to human health and the environment on use of wastewater for agriculture in developing countries.