We had a huge success with the completion of 3^rd International conference on Diabetes, Hypertension and Metabolic Syndrome Webinar- July 02-03, 2020. The significance of the meeting was achieved due to the accumulation of all the related group of spectators of research scientists to share their Knowledge, Research work, Technologies, and furthermore trade of worldwide Information towards the correct crowd at ideal time. Congress has received a generous response from all over the world. This has been organized with the aim of endorsing the development of new perceptions and ideas for investigating the high level of knowledge reached by scientific community in the field of Pharmaceutical Sciences.

The conference was organized around the theme “Investigating the Challenges in Diabetes, Hypertension & Metabolic syndrome”. The congress entrenched a firm relation of future strategies in the field of Diabetes and Hypertension.

We would like to thank all the participants and all the speakers:

We would like to thank each and every participant of Diabetes Meet 2020 Conference to make this a huge success. And special thanks to media partners for the promotion of our event.

The Conference Series Diabetes Conferences aim to bring together the prominent researchers academic scientists, and research scholars to exchange and share their experiences on all aspects of metabolic Diseases. It is conjointly a knowledge domain platform for researchers, practitioners and educators to gift and discuss the foremost recent advances, trends, and issues in addition as sensible challenges and solutions adopted in the fields of Diabetes and Hypertension.

With the grand success of Diabetes Meet 2020, Conference Series LLC Ltd is proud to announce the 4^th International conference on Diabetes, Hypertension and Metabolic Syndrome to be held during June 23-24, 2021 in Tokyo, Japan. Diabetes Meet 2021 has been prepared with the aim and the specific intent of promoting the development of new perspectives and ideas for exploiting the high level of knowledge achieved by the scientific community in various infectious fields.

 

Obesity and diabetes constitute a hallmark of metabolic syndrome that is directly linked to vascular dysfunction. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate regional changes in thoracic and abdominal aortic responses in a rat model of high fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus. Five weeks old male Wistar albino rats (n=24) were fed with either HFD (45 kcal% fat) or control diet (10 kcal% fat) for 10 weeks. On week 7, 40mg/kg STZ and saline were injected intraperitoneally into the HFD and control groups, respectively. At the end of the treatment, the oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) was performed and rats were subsequently euthanized to assess vasoconstrictor and vasodilator responses of dissected aortic segments. oGTT generated greater AUCs in HFD relative to control rats (64,361±383 vs. 14,169±398, p<0.001). Abdominal aortic vasoconstriction (N/g) to norepinephrine (NE, 1×10^-9–3×10^-5M) and the depolarizing signals of high K⁺ (KCl, 5–120 mM) were higher (p<0.05) in the HFD group relative to controls. Thoracic aortic vasoconstrictor responses (N/g) to NE, but not high K⁺, were greater (p<0.05) in the HFD group compared with controls. Thoracic and abdominal endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation to acetylcholine (1×10^-10–1×10^-5M) was blunted (p<0.05) in the HFD group relative to controls. In contrast, thoracic and abdominal aortic responses to sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced endothelium-independent relaxation remained comparable between groups. In conclusion, vascular functional responses along the descending aorta are altered in metabolic syndrome, exhibiting exaggerated vasocontractility and impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation. These vascular pathologies could potentially underlie the development of cardiovascular disease associated with the metabolic syndrome.

Till date, Diabetic population is going to increase day by day, means something is missing with line of treatment. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is rising in India with more than 62 million diabetic individuals. India (31.7 million) topped world with highest number of people with DM followed by US. Prevalence of DM is predicted to double globally from 171 in 2000 to 366 million in 2030. Gplife Advanced Diabetic Support Tablet was suggestively effective in significantly effective in dropping levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) & post meal plasma glucose (PMG). It dropping levels of % HbA1C from baseline to day 60 i.e. end of study. It also significantly effective in increasing levels of C- peptide levels from baseline to day 60 i.e. end of study. C- Peptide is co-secreted with insulin form pancreas and could be used as a tool in diagnosis of DM. When compared to C peptide levels in overall patients there was improvement in c- peptide levels after treatment of Gplife Advanced Diabetic Support Tablet to DM patients. It increases in the HOMA-B score and there was significant decrease in the HOMA-IR score in DM patients. It was concluded that Gplife Advanced Diabetic Support Tablet” used as an adjuvant to OHA and insulin and helps in reducing fasting and post meal blood glucose level along with HbA1c. This can reduce the probable side effects of external insulin and OHA to subjects by providing result oriented and safer alternatives in management of DM

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients are increasingly using herbal remedies due to the fact that sticking to the therapeutic regimens is becoming awkward. However, studies towards herbal medicine use by diabetic patients are scarce in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to explore the prevalence and correlates of herbal medicine use with different sociodemographic variables among type 2 diabetes patients visiting the diabetic follow-up clinic of University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital (UOGCSH), Ethiopia.

Methods
A hospital-based cross sectional study was employed on 387 T2DM patients visiting the diabetes illness follow-up care clinic of UOGCSH from October 1 to November 30, 2016. An interviewer-administered questionnaire regarding the demographic and disease characteristics as well as herbal medicine use was completed by the study subjects. Descriptive, univariate and multivariate logistic regression statistics were performed to determine prevalence and come up with correlates of herbal medicine use.

Results
From 387 participants, 62% were reported to be herbal medicine users. The most prevalent herbal preparations used were Garlic (Allium sativum L.) (41.7%), Giesilla (Caylusea abyssinica (fresen.) (39.6%), Tinjute (Otostegia integrifolia Benth) (27.2%), and Kosso (Hagenia abyssinicaa) (26.9%). Most of herbal medicine users (87.1%) didn’t consult their physicians about their herbal medicine use. Families and friends (51.9%) were the frontline sources of information about herbal medicine followed by other DM patients who used herbal medicines (28.9%)..

Metabolic syndrome, driven by obesity and diabetes, is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease. While large arteries vascular dysfunction is a well-documented phenomenon of metabolic syndrome, vascular disease of smaller diameter arteries, which are key contributors to peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure control, remains uncertain. Using in-vitro organ-bath preparation, this study, therefore, investigated functional responses of the superior mesenteric and right iliac arteries in a high fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus rat model. Five-week-old male Wistar albino rats (n=24) were fed with either HFD (45 kcal% fat) or control diet (10 kcal% fat) for 10 weeks. On week 7, 40mg/kg streptozotocin and saline were injected intraperitoneally into the HFD and control groups, respectively. Diabetic HFD rats displayed a time-dependent increase (p<0.01) in water intake, urine output and fasting blood glucose. Both mesenteric and iliac vasoconstrictor responses (N/g) to norepinephrine (1×10-9–3×10-5M), but not to the depolarizing signals of high K+ (5–120 mM), were greater (p<0.01) in the HFD group relative to controls. Mesenteric, but not iliac, endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation to acetylcholine (1×10-10–1×10-5M) was blunted (p<0.05) in the HFD rats compared with controls. In contrast, mesenteric and iliac endothelium-independent vasorelaxation responses to sodium nitroprusside (1×10-11–1×10-6M) remained comparable between groups. In conclusion, vascular functional responses across smaller diameter arteries are differentially expressed in metabolic syndrome, demonstrating upregulated vasoconstriction to adrenergic stimuli and/or impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation. These vascular abnormalities align with those previously described in larger arteries and could therefore further promote the development of cardiovascular disease in metabolic syndrome

Metabolic syndrome is a multifactorial heterogenous disorder resulting in a variety of clinical manifestations & considered as a leading global threat. The marked variability in the cholesterol, waist circumference , blood pressure, lipid profile & fasting glucose has been characterised as components of metabolic syndrome.The developing nations are witnessing an increased trend in metabolic syndrome incidence  than compared with global incidence. International Diabetes Federation estimated that around 25% of the world’s adult population comes under diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome.

Treatment of metabolic syndrome has been under debate & there is no standardized pharmacotherapy yet approved for the same.

The current study was planned to evaluate & compare various potential treatments for the patients of metabolic syndrome. A prospective , open label, parallel group & randomized control trial of 12 weeks study duration was selected in which patients were randomly assigned in 4 groups to receive diet & lifestyle modification, Metformin, Pioglitazone, Rosuvastatin.

Only Rosuvastatin brought about significant increase in serum HDL which is a major marker of cardiovascular risk. Pioglitazone & Rosuvastatin were better than Metformin & lifestyle modification in reduction of serum triglycerides. Results are encouraging & are a step forward in devicing standard pharmacotherapeutic regimes beyond the current treatment modalities.

Introduction

Prediabetes is considered as an increased risk factor for cardiovascular disease and overt diabetes and is the precursor stage of diabetes. Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) is recognized as an essential factor of a high-quality diet. However, diets with more varieties of food items might increase calorie intake and body weight. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the association of DDS with metabolic syndrome features in adults with prediabetes.

Methods

 Three hundred subjects were randomly selected from participants who were undergone diabetes test screening program. Dietary intake was assessed by using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. DDS was calculated by scoring food intake as nine food groups. The 18-items USDA household food securities and International Physical Activity (IPAQ) were also measured. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III.

 Results

 DDS mean for cases and controls were 4.43 and 4.9, respectively (p < 0.005). The prevalence of food insecurity was 67/3% in cases and 55/4% in controls group. The decrease in metabolic syndrome probability was compatible with quartiles of DDS (the quartiles odds ratios: 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 0.19, P = 0.05). A higher DDS was associated with lower level of fasting blood glucose, HDL-cholesterol, TG and Waist circumference.

Conclusion

 Lower DDS was associated with high probability of metabolic syndrome and with some features of it, like high fasting blood glucose. Therefore, it seems that increase in dietary diversity scores could prevent the pre diabetes development to overt diabetes.

Aim:

The purpose of this study is to investigate the knowledge of the physicians’ in regards to diabetes and periodontal health. Studies show a bidirectional relationship between both diabetes and periodontal disease. The UAE lack research that shows us the level of knowledge that physicians have.

Method and material:

Qualitative study in which a questionnaire was distributed to the physicians that attending Arab Health Conference 2016.

Results:

A total of 344 physicians (186 males/ 53.8%, and 159 females/ 46.2%) with average age 38.11±9.31 (Mean±SD) years old responded to the questionnaire given to them. Of those participants, 285 (82.8%) were working in public sectors, and 60 (17.2%) were working in private sectors. One-hundred eight participants (31.4%) graduated in the UAE, and 263 participants (68.6%) graduated from medical schools in other countries. While, 74% see diabetic patients only 19% of them refer to a dentist although 65.5% have good knowledge of the inter relationship of periodontal health and diabetes. Our investigations showed that although the physicians have a good knowledge they rarely refer the patients to receive proper periodontal treatment.

Conclusion:

A proper dental referral protocol should be mandatory for all diabetic patients who attend physicians

Objective: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease which is growing at worrying rate in developing country like Nepal. Screening of risk factors among the young population may minimize or prevent the occurrence of diabetes and development of fatal complications in future. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess diabetes risk score among young individuals.

Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among students of age group (18to 25 years) studying at Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences and Central Institute of Science and Technology. All the socio-demographic data, anthropometric measurements, and dietary habits were recorded by using standard questionnaire. Fasting plasma glucose and lipid profile were estimated by using standard manufacturer’s guideline. The Diabetes risk score was calculated by The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC tool). Association between cardio-metabolic risk factors and diabetes risk score was established by ANOVA test.

Results: Among total 825 students, 739 (89.6%) were recruited for the study with complete questionnaire, fasting blood sample. Median age of the study population was 20 years. Among total study population, 553 (74.80%) were under low risk (FINDRISC<7), 164 (22.18%) were at slightly elevated risk (FINDRISC 7-11), 15 (2.02%) were at moderate risk (FINDRISC 12-14) and 7 (1.01%) were at high risk of diabetes. BMI, TC and LDL-C were higher at significant level (p<0.001) with increasing diabetes risk score in our study population.

Conclusion: Risk factors for diabetes were common among young adults. Early assessment of diabetes risk in young may provide insights for preventive and control plan for risk population.

The study of diabetes is not only limited to particular symptoms, but it is consequently affects the pathological and functional changes in the metabolic pathways of human body system. The prolonged symptoms of diabetes also causes the complications of retinopathy, blindness, renal failure, ulcers, autonomic dysfunction including sexual dysfunction, it also causes the high risk of cardiovascular, peripheral and cerebrovascular diseases.

As there are different classes of antidiabetic drugs and their selection depends upon the type of diabetes, age of patient, symptoms, and other factor. Diabetes is characterized by the hyperglycaemia with disturbance of carbohydrates, fat and protein metabolism resulting in the defects in insulin secretion and insulin action. With these points of view various drugs are used to treat the diabetes such as biosimilar therapy including use of insulin and insulin analogues, oral hypoglycaemic agents and various other complimentary medicines.

As Bioherbal remedies i.e. M charantia Linn. (Bitter Gourd) is commonly known as fruit vegetable. The Leaves, Seeds, Roots, Fruits and the stem part of the plants are medicinally used in different diseases. Traditionally the Juice of M.charantia Linn. is used to reduce the cough, to maintain the body’s osmotic balance etc. It is most effectively used to treat the acidic condition of gastrointestinal tract. M.charantia is also called the oxygen radical scavenger, which takes part into body’s metabolic pathway.

The present investigation was carried out to study the characterization of present antidiabetic compound having different solvent extract of M.charantia Linn. in various solvent system. Thus it shows the total unknown protein concentration was 21.01 µg/mL and the slope consists of 0.0314 with the line of intercept 0.081.

Aim: To determine the association of vitamin D deficiency and the FokI polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene in Indian diabetic population.

Methodology: The proposed study was conducted in the Department of Medicine and Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India and included 162 Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients of age 50 years and above who have a history of diabetes for more than five years. Patients who were already taking Vitamin D supplements were excluded from this study. SPSS software was used to analyze the data.

Results: It was found that Vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL) was more prevalent in wild type (TT) genotype. The association of Vitamin D levels with the FokI polymorphism indicated that there was a progressive increased in Vitamin D levels associated with genotype i.e. patient with wild type (TT) genotype had the lowest level of Vitamin D followed by TC (heterozygous mutant) and CC (mutant). Thus the differential distribution of Vitamin D levels reached a good statistical significance (p=0.0001).

Conclusion: CC (mutant) genotype was found to be associated with maximum Vitamin D levels in Indian diabetic patients. Therefore, maintaining an optimal vitamin D level should be a high priority for diabetic patients in India