Background: HIIT is a powerful stimulus in improving body composition and cardiometabolic risk in adults, and preliminary data in adolescents are also promising. HIIT is presented as a time-efficient alternative in comparison to aerobic training, that leverages the impact on the number of practitioners of Physical Exercise that results in health outcomes improvements, mainly from adolescents.

Objectives: evaluate the utility of a HIIT program integrated in High-School Physical Education classes, on Physical Condition, Physical Activity (PA) and Motivation for Exercise.

Data sources: Search through electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, MEDICLATINA, COCHRANE and Web of Science, was carried out during March 2019, considering only studies since 2008.

Study eligibility criteria: (i) adolescents aged 10-19 years, (ii) HIIT program in a school environment, (iii) outcomes on physical condition, PA and motivation for exercise (iv) at least 4 weeks, (v) randomized controlled trials.

Results: of the 5872 studies found a total of 14 studies were included in the review. All works present significant improvements in, at least, 2 of the dimensions evaluated: physical condition and PA. There does not seem to be any great advantage in protocols that last in total more than 10 minutes per session. Improvements in body composition registered, at most, a moderate Effect Size. HIIT is presented as a powerful stimulus in improving physical fitness, mainly on CRF in most protocols, and in power and speed when modality is plyometries. Improvements in PA registered a moderate and large Effect Size.

Conclusions: This review suggests that the introduction of HIIT in the school context has great potential in improving physical fitness and PA, and a moderate effect on improving body composition in adolescents. HIIT efficiency (10minutes), reflect the wide applicability that  these protocols can have in PE classes, and great adaptation to the facilities (including classrooms)

Statement of the Problem: The World Health Organization defines the quality of life as individuals’ perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards, and concerns. It has been found that quality of life is deteriorating as a result of SCI and may be affected by personal (sociodemographic and psychological), cultural (race and ethnicity), economic, and environmental (availability of medical care, quality of education, employment opportunities, and place of residence) factors. People with SCI on average tend to report a decreased feeling of well-being and grade their physical, mental, and social health lower than nondisabled person. The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of life and methods of coping with the spinal cord injury situation in 3 elite athletes after their sporting careers have ended due to a serious spinal cord injury. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: The criteria for inclusion in the study required that participants had represented their country in sporting competitions and that they had won the championship title in a sports event at the international level. Three people took part in the study: former world champion in jumping on a BMX bike (Great Britain), former world junior ski jumping champion (Austria) and former European karate champion (Poland). Participation in the study consisted of giving an interview via an Internet communicator and filling an online WHOQoL and personal questionnaires. Findings: Analyzing the overall quality of life feeling, P1 perceived his QoL negatively, while the other two were positive. P1 described his general health as very poor, while P2 and P3 were classified as very good and good, respectively. The highest quality of his life in each domain was perceived by P3.

Conclusion & Significance: Despite a traumatic accident, the sudden end of a successful sporting career, and a completely

changed life, the respondents in this study positively described their quality of life. Each participant maintains a strong connection to the sporting environment and is socially involved. The involvement of athletes after SCI in the sporting environment prevents them from losing their sporting identity and makes it easier to find themselves in a new life situation. This may also serve as an example for other people with severe disabilities, encouraging them to engage in social activities.

Background
Painful groin without a hernia presents a number of problems in diagnosis and management. In the case of a sporting person this can mean time out from sport, impacting earning potential and quality of life. Surgery has a role in the management of these patients but appropriate work up and patient selection is paramount.

Methods
Summary of experience in managing condition from 3 year research fellowship into abdominal wall surgery including summary findings from two peer-reviewed publications.

Results
In managing Sports Groin the correct use of terminology is important. When approaching a patient, assessment should be structured towards anatomical areas known to contribute towards patient experience of groin pain; thigh, groin, hip, pelvic ring, and lumbar spine. Options in the management of inguinal disruption include targeted physiotherapy and surgery. Surgical options include a number of techniques. Significant differences exist in time to presentation and post operative recovery when comparing amateur and elite athletes. In a cohort of patients undergoing groin repair (N = 144), the incidence of positive MRI findings within the adductor tendon and pubic ramus are 25% and 20% respectively.

Conclusion
Structured assessment of Sports Groin patients is paramount. Early specialist referral and targeted physiotherapy should be considered as first line management.

Statement of the Problem: Over 3,000 patients in the UK had a lumbar discectomy in 2018.  Up to 30-70% of patients who undergo lumbar discectomy for the first time (FTLD), however, experience further back pain following surgery. Rehabilitation is suggested to improve outcomes following surgery. The type, timing and extent of provision of rehabilitation for FTLD patients in the UK are currently unknown. The latest national survey about it was conducted 13 years ago. Therefore, a recent investigation of current physiotherapy practises within the UK is required. The purpose of this study is to determine the provision and type of rehabilitation for patients undergoing FTLD in different surgical centres across the UK. Methodology:  An online survey targeted physiotherapist treating FTLD patients in neurosurgery centres in the UK. The survey questions were developed based on previous research studies in FTLD. Findings: All participating neurosurgery centres provided a physiotherapy service for patients undergoing FTLD surgery, with the majority commencing services postoperatively. Preoperative rehabilitation was undertaken in a third of the centres. Physiotherapy intervention consistently included mobility and functional task training, exercise prescription and provision of an educational handout. However, there was considerable variability in the type of exercises prescribed, the advice given regarding postoperative movement and activity restrictions, and referral to inpatient and outpatient physiotherapy services. Conclusion & Significance: For many respondents to this survey, rehabilitation for FTLD patients was provided postoperatively. The reasons behind this and the postoperative outcome for the rehabilitation, including preoperative rehabilitation, need to be explored and incorporated into the design of future research evaluating FTLD rehabilitation.

Knee joint injuries are the second most common musculoskeletal disorder (Filbay & Grindem, 2019). Many of the untreated knee ACLs subsequently become the onset of degenerative lesions. After ACL rupture clinics in different countries have different rehabilitation programs. Usually, conventional physiotherapy (CP) is used (Grinsven et al., 2010). Only recently the application of kinesiology tape (KT) (Kase te al., 2003; Howe et al., 2015) have started in clinical practice, therefore, there is insufficient data on their acute and long-term impact on knee joint function in the presence of ACL rupture.

32 subjects were randomly allocated to control (CP) or experimental (CP and KT) group. The CP program was designed on the basis of Grinsven et al.’s (2010) rehabilitation protocol – was applied 4 w, 3 t/w, 60 min. The KT technique was chosen on the basis of K. Kase et al. (2003) recommendations. KT was applied to the injured leg using muscular and functional-corrective techniques on the quadriceps femoris and the hamstring muscle. There were 6 KT procedures per participant in the experimental group. The CON group received KT only during the baseline and final assessment to assess short-term (1 hour after application) effect of KT.

We found, that during one leg stance and after one leg hop on injured leg with KT sway displacement (Fig. 1A, 2A) and velocity (Fig.1B, 2B) change in experimental group was significantly (p < 0.05) higer than CON group. After physiotherapy postural sway Ax and Ay direction and sway velocity during one leg stance and after one leg hop on injured leg were significant lower in experimental than in CON group.

The results of the the study indicate that there were no immediate KT effect on balance for subjects with ACL rupture. However, prolonged KT improved balance during stance on injured leg

Sports Injuries can be minimized, if not prevented even before they happen with the new Sports Injury Prevention Screen. A Sports Injury Prevention Screen is a ten to fifteen minute examination performed by a physical therapist. The facet joints of the spine and joint extremities, muscles and soft tissue are screened for biomechanical faults and movement restrictions that can lead to injuries. The new screening method would allow the physical therapist to fix the problem even before the injuries manifest and even before they happen. Our body is like a Pulley System - there are pulleys and belts that form the system. If the pulley (pertaining to the joints of the spine and extremities) is not moving right then the belt (pertaining to the muscles, soft tissues, tendons, and ligaments) would have to work harder then would eventually break down resulting to injuries in relation to our bodies. Furthermore, if those abnormal pulleys can be detected right away, then injuries can be minimized if not prevented. For athletes, less injuries or none would mean a college scholarship or an athletic opportunity of a life time. Sports injuries can make or break an athlete's career. The access to the new Sports Injury Prevention Screen can help minimize ,if not prevent sports injuries even before they happen.