The study was conducted in purposively selected seven areas of Ada’a district, with the objective of assessing the status of Artificial insemination service and constraints associated with the service in the study area. Structured questionnaires were prepared to interview farmers, artificial insemination technicians, animal health, and production professionals to collect data on the status of artificial insemination services and constraints associated with the service. Also retrospective data on mass insemination and insemination done by traveling on request was taken from district artificial insemination center record book. According to the data obtained from district artificial insemination technician s record book there is increase in number of insemination 2011 to 2015. The result of the study showed that; artificial insemination was efficiently used in cross bread 150 (69.77%) rather than local breed 65 (30.23%) in intensive farming system 145 (67.44%). The overall finding on the service per conception reveals that most of the cows were repeat breeder; 91 (42.33%) conceive on third insemination, 88 (40.93%) conceive on second time of insemination and only 36 (16.74%) were conceived on first insemination. Regarding time of insemination, 142 (66.05%) of livestock owners inseminate their cow at right time of insemination but, the rest 73 (33.95%) of households inseminate their cows in wrong time. The most outstanding constraints of artificial insemination service were lack of service in the vicinity, low efficiency, poor estrous detection systems, low efficiency of artificial insemination technician, and price for artificial insemination, lack of infrastructure and sex of calves in order of their importance.

Gumboro is commonly reported from different parts of Ethiopia. However, in local chicken flocks of Ilubabor, there is no known sero-status of the disease. To address this information gap, a cross-sectional study was conducted in local backyard chicken flocks of three districts of Ilubabor Zone where chick mortality and morbidity were a big problem. The objectives of the study were to estimate seroprevalence of IBDV by using Indirect Enzyme Linked-Immune Sorbent Assay and to assess its risk factors. A total of 480 chickens were sampled from randomly clustered 160 flocks and serum samples were processed at Bedelle Regional Veterinary Laboratory Center. Out of 480 serum samples tested, 207 were positive and the overall chicken level seroprevalence of the IBDV antibody in the study area was found to be 43.13% (95% CI: 38.69-47.56) and flock-level seroprevalence was 45.63%(73/160) (95% CI: 37.91-53.34) with almost all test positive flock chickens were seropositive. Multivariable analysis at chicken level showed that the odds of IBDV seroprevalence was significantly high in Metu and Bilo Nopa districts, in purchased chickens, in female chickens, in adult chickens and at flock level in chickens mixed with exotic breeds, in flocks having greater than 5 chickens. This study shows that IBDV is circulating in chicken population of Ilubabor at a high prevalence level. Therefore, further study on serotypes and strains of IBDV identification should be carried out to design suitable control and prevention measures