In the present situation, a small virus is creating a biggest problem for the entire globe.SARS-CoV-2 has become burning issue of 2020. The pandemic has forced the complete world to think about the solutions that can lead us to restart the journey of life in a normal way. Every country is trying all possible steps to combat the disease ranging from shutting the complete economy of the country to re purposing of drugs and development of specific vaccine. The speedy data generation and its analysis through different basic to advance tools, software and databases has made Bioinformatics capable of giving new insights to the researchers to deal with the current scenario more efficiently. There are many recent online applications of computational advancements through which valuable information can be interpreted which may generate some meaningful information for drug and vaccine development. Different in silico approaches viz genomic, proteomics, systems biology, high throughput data analysis, next generation sequencing, etc may be used to get consequential information regarding COVID 19. Beside this, Nanoinformatics as a part of nanotechnology has emerged to bring new hope for development of safe protection equipments, accurate and scalable detection protocols with affordable medical solutions. Nanosensors show their great efficiency in detecting bacteria & virus at very low concentration leading to be a possible biomarker for early disease diagnosis &detection. A nano-filter having better filtering efficacy can be use as re-usable mask during the pandemic challenges. Nanoparticles, that have proven their potential against deadly viruses like influenza and Ebola can be possibly used as drug delivery against SARS-CoV-2 also. Therefore, Nanotechnology plays significant role to provide solutions in reducing acute and chronic effects of COVID-19 pandemic.

These Biomaterials widely used in biomedicine as wound dressings are composed by hydrogels. They offer ideal conditions for wound treatment, such as maintaining the wound environment humid, autolytic debridement, accelerated healing, ability to absorb large amounts of fluids without losing their physical integrity, drug release in a controlled manner protecting infected wounds that are constantly exposed to environment contaminated with microorganisms. These dressings are formed by one or more polymeric components which, when cross-linked, form three-dimensional networks. They have a high degree of flexibility that is very similar to natural living tissues. The general objective of this work was to synthesize by radiation hydrogel membranes containing PVP, PEG, agar, RD laponite in a neomycin and nanosilver release system that promotes a synergistic action between these two antimicrobial agents. Membranes with different concentrations of polymer matrix / clay were produced by irradiation at a dose of 25 kGy of gamma 60Co source, and characterized by techniques: swelling analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile tests, parallel plate rheometry. It can be seen that G 'and G "are approximately parallel within the studied range. G 'is greater than G' 'and both showed little frequency dependence. This performance is the expected for the gels, in which the elastic behavior of the sample predominates over its viscous behavior. The clay-polymer interactions increases gel cross-linking, which provides an increase in their mechanical properties. In parallel, nanoparticles of silver coupled to clay (Laponite) were synthesized in which their properties were verified by means of UV-Vis, MET, ICP-OES and microbiological activity. The study of the microbiological activity of AgNPs-Laponite nanoparticles on the reduction of microorganisms in culture indicated that most of the nanoparticles, synthesized from the reduction of silver ions on the surface of Laponite, have activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans.

Bromobutyl rubber (BIIR) is an isobutylene/isoprene copolymer, containing 1.9% to 2.1% bromine content. Halogenated butyl rubbers have their major applications in tires without inner tubes, various types of seals, membranes, hoses for chemical products conveying and stoppers for pharmaceutical uses. When butyl rubbers are subjected to high-energy radiation, they form easy free radicals that initiate various chemical reactions. These reactions alter the molecular distribution of irradiated rubbers by crosslinking or scission affecting their physical and mechanical properties. The aim of this work is the analysis of effect induced by gamma exposure on the crosslinking density in butyl rubbers (pristine or modified IIR by chlorination and bromination) by swelling measurements accomplished before and after irradiation at 5, 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kGy allowing the evaluation of crosslinking density according with Flory-Rehner equation. Rheometric tests were also carried out to complete the characterization of radiation effects in this rubber structures. It can be noticed that the modification in material structure by the formation of new three-dimensional network changes the features of studied rubbers.  This evolution was confirmed by swelling measurements on all -exposed butyl rubbers at various doses. The estimation of crosslinking density by Flory-Rehner equation is a proper procedure for the qualification of radiation resistance.  The decrease in the damaging rate is properly described by the modification in crosslink number. However, the consistency of results indicates the predominance of chain scission in gamma processed butyl rubbers. The change in crosslinking density of butyl rubber compounds emphasizes that the mechanism of degradation is strongly influenced mainly by irradiation dose for doses above 50 kGy, since the process of chain scission predominates over the crosslinking reaction.

Cancer chemotherapy remains a challenge due to the mechanisms of resistance of tumor cells and the toxicity of anticancer drugs. Processes associated with immunogenic cell death may result in the emission of damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs), some are exposed on the plasma membrane, such as heat shock proteins and calreticulin. The curcumin executes mechanisms that can generate immunogenic cell death in cancer cells, because it can generate an increase of intracellular calcium that generates a stress in the endoplasmatic reticulum and possibly in the exposition of calreticulina in the plasma membrane. The photodynamic therapy leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species and can leading to immunogenic cell death. In this context, the justification for this work is that combined anticancer therapy using curcumin and aluminium-phthalocyanine chloride nanoemulsion mediated by TFD can cause intense stress on cancer cells by promoting immunogenic cell death. The results presented in this study showed that: treatments containing curcumin and phthalocyanine nanoemulsion were the more toxic to CT26.WT cells after TFD than free curcumin; in 24 hours the lipid nanoparticles containing curcumin caused greater increase of granularity in CT26.WT cells; in 3 hours free curcumin produces greater accumulation of intracellular calcium than curcumin associated with lipid nanoparticles; in 3 and 24 hours free curcumin is more internalized than curcumin associated with lipid nanoparticles. Future studies to investigate the generation other DAMPs (calreticulin, HMGB1, ATP, HSP70 and 90) to prove that curcumin and phthalocyanine are capable of generating an immune response and are effective against tumors.

Fluorescent molecular probes have become a powerful tool in protein research. However, these probes are less suitable for analyzing specific populations of proteins in their native environment. In this talk I will give an overview of a new class of fluorescent molecular probes [1-6] that we have developed in recent years, and show how they can be used to detect individual proteins, protein combinations, as well as binding interactions and dynamic changes that occur on their surfaces. In the second part of this talk, I will describe a new class of fluorescent molecular sensors that combines the properties of small molecule-based probes cross-reactive sensor arrays (the so-called chemical nose/tongue’).[6]  On the one hand, the probe can detect different protein families by generating unique identification patterns, akin to the cross-reactive arrays. On the other hand, its unimolecular structure and selective binding allows identifying combinations of specific protein isoforms in complex mixtures and inside living cells, where macroscopic arrays cannot access.

Electrochemically sound MWCNT-PANI/Zirconium(IV)molybdate nanocomposite was successfully assimilated via in-situ oxidative polymerization of aniline monomer. The microstructure and morphology of the prepared composites were characterized using several techniques. Electrochemical studies revealed that MWCNT- PANI/Zirconium(IV)molybdate nanocomposite have excitingly higher super capacitance behaviour as compared to PANI/Zirconium(IV)molybdate and MWCNT with enhanced anodic and cathodic current levels (Ipa= 0.386 A and Ipc= 0.080 A). The improved performance of the composites was further validated through Bode plots with phase angles 53°, 48° and 41° for MWCNT-PANI/Zirconium(IV)molybdate, PANI/Zirconium(IV)molybdate and MWCNT respectively. Super capacitance behavior of nanocomposite is attributed mainly to high electrical and thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes, zirconium (IV) molybdate and polyaniline, high  surface area, and stability of the carbon nanotubes. On the whole, the assimilated nanocomposite assures promising aspects for upcoming energy conversion and energy storage devices. Besides this, the synthesized nanocomposite showed an enhanced cytotoxic potential against various human cancer cell lines (HeLa, MCF-7, and Hepa-3B). In-vitro results demonstrated the significant anticancer potential of the composite when compared with MWCNTs and Zirconium (IV) molybdate alone, is due to the synergetic effect of MWCNT with PANI- Zirconium (IV) molybdate

A Soil nematode infecting plants are one of the most destructive parasites worldwide, it attacking plant root system and feed on the plant nutrients causing lose in the crop yield even plant death by developing galls and necrosis in the root system, lose its ability of absorb nutrients, water and die. The major issue concerning nematode damage to plants is the lack of effective chemical treatment methods, Public concern over the chemical Nematicides is not only their toxicity for health and environmental but also their loss of efficiency after prolonged use. Several control strategies alternative to chemical control that develops recently is production of natural Bio-Nano Nematicides as (green chemical) which act as inhibitors against nematodes population in soil.  The Advantages of using bionanocide, its safe organic compound extracted from the plant, it has no residual effect, It gives high ability to reach within the roots to combat nematodes in their phases, and the ability of the compound to rapidly spread in irrigation water which also gives the strength to spread and stay in the soilfor a long time. Causing direct death to nematodes after few minutes also has a repellent effect due to the presence of nanoparticles around the roots. There are more than800products as fertilizers worldwide with their effective as nanomaterials, which benefit the plant faster by Increasing photodynamic activity, increasing leaf content of chlorophyll, also product Increase crop capacity to withstand different stress conditions. So Nanomaterials help protect the environment and human health, Increases farm profitability due to reduced fertilizer and spraying costs. Finally Advantage of using Bio-nanotechnology application in agriculture is contributes effectively to increase the productivity of crops, its competitiveness by reducing the residues of fertilizers that economically reflected on farmer field cost, increase export opportunities, more over the development of the new generation of highly specialized save Biocide
 

Nanobiotechnology is a wonderful multidisciplinary budding science. Here we propose to explain the Physics portion which is forming the basis of the Nanobiotechnology. Brownian motion is the dictating MASTER of the behaviour in scales of Nanometers. How this Brownian motion happens? Why collisions happen between the Molecules? How the momentum is generated in the starting place? What are the are the trajectories of individual particles or molecules? The Physics and the calculations behind the force and individual velocities of molecules with relevant theoretical analysis is proposed in this paper. It will take some time to develop the theoretical background first. Dynamic Universe Model solved many Unsolved Cosmological problems, on the same principles we try to develop this “Multi Molecule Theory”. Experimental verifications, Reynolds number etc, require further research
 

In this presentation the author wants to prove that a trendless sequence (TLS) can be used as an additional source of information. This additional information can be extracted from random noise with the help of 3D-DGIs (discrete geometrical invariants) method that allows to reduce 3N random data points to 13 parameters composed from the combination of integer moments and their intercorrelations up to the fourth order inclusive. Actually, they form a “universal” 13-feature space for comparison of one random sequence with another one. Comparison of these parameters associated with different noise tracks allows to use this set of parameters for calibration and other purposes associated with “standard”/reference equipment. As an example, we considered chemical data taken from different laboratories. This “nano-noise” is associated with random fluctuations generated by available equipment. The new mathematical expressions proposed in this presentation allows to reduce information and then to find a few key parameters that enable to differentiate the given noise and compare one set of measurements expressed in the form of rectangle matrix with another one. 
The ideas of information extraction in random fluctuations and search the hidden deterministic components are the logic continuation of the methods collected recently in the book
 

Eggshell is a solid waste, with production of several tons per day and it is mostly sent to landfills at a high management cost. A few used of eggshell include: fertilizing the garden, cleaning pots and pans, seed starter, feeding birds, making bone broth, etc… Nevertheless, chicken eggshell biowaste has recently been used to substitute calcium carbonate (CaCO3), due to its reinforcing property and low price. It is economically viable to transform eggshell waste to acquire new values, transforming it into a bioplastic: a biodegradable polymer made from bio-mass. The surprising strength of eggshells endorses their application for reinforcement of biodegradable polymers herein studied: PLA (poly-lactic acid) and PBAT (butylene adipate co-terephthalate). PLA is derived from renewable sourced: polylactic acid plastics are sturdier and capable to be blend with conventional petroleum polymers; nevertheless, they exhibit a narrow process window and low thermal stability, besides an inherent high cost. PBAT, as PLA, is a biodegradable aliphatic polyester, although a synthetic polymer based on fossil resources. By incorporating PBAT in PLA it is expected to improve flexibility of PBAT/PLA blend. Previous studies using PBAT/PLA, 50/50 blends containing 15% of chicken eggshell 125 µm improved mechanical behavior of net blends: values for both force and strain practically doubled, proving the effective reinforcement action of calcium carbonate extracted from eggshells. Conventional polymer processing methods can be used in both PLA and PBAT compositions. Due to common incompatibility between PLA and PBAT, considering their extreme glass transition temperatures: 62 º C and – 30 º C, respectively, it is required a compatibilizer to accomplish or increase their interaction. Herein it was used PLA previously e-beam radiated at 150 kGy, as compatibilizing agent: ionizing radiation induces compatibilization by free radicals, improving the dispersion and adhesion of blend phases, without the use of chemical additives and at room temperature.