Kamila Silva Arão, Lucas Carlos Gonçalves, Marcelo Henrique Silva, Camila Simões Seguro, Naiany Pereira Silva and VitorAlves Marques*
Serum proteins designated as liver function biomarkers are used to evaluate patients for hepatic dysfunction. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) is generally a defect in insulin action and secretion and in the regulation of hepatic glucose production. Exercise to treat type 2 diabetes has had positive impacts on the lives of diabetics. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of the glycemic curve in three different types of training: Strength Training (TF), High Intensity Resistant Training (HIRT) and Interval High Intensity Training (HIIT). The sample is a 57year-old, sedentary type 2 diabetic who underwent the training method - Strength Training (TF), High Intensity Resistant Training (HIRT), and High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT). once a week at night. Pre-study anamnesis, pre- and post-exercise glycemia were performed. The overall results were satisfactory presenting HIIT as the most effective method for acute post-exercise blood glucose reduction (reducing 29.62%, 34.25%, 38.89 and 36.11% immediately at 10, 20, 30 minutes after exertion respectively). It was concluded that physical training positively influenced the reduction of blood glucose as an acute effect, but HIIT was the most effective method.
Rohit Vijayan1, Abhinandan S punit
The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) plays a significant role in stabilising the knee joint. It has a complex architecture made up of collagen
fibers, which makes it well suited to guide movements especially in preventing excessive translations and rotations during functional
activities. However, during daily living and sporting activities, the forces on the ACL occasionally exceed their limit, leading to a rupture.
Primary repair of the anterior cruciate ligament was a popular treatment in the late 19th century, particularly, during the 1970’s and the
‘80s on the lines of repairing MCL or the Achilles tendon, however, an open ACL repair allowed seldom healing owing to its intra-articular
position and lack of clot formation due to the presence of synovial fluid.
Basil Ike*, Alexander Sin and Lauren Simon
DOI: DOI: 10.37421/2161-0673.2022.12.261
As physicians we need to take into context other etiologies of injury in relation to their surrounding environment. Pain was localized in her anterior thighs with referred pain in her lower back, without neck pain or stiffness. According to her spouse, she was not sleeping at night due to worsening thigh pain and appeared very tired with intermittent episodes of confusion. Hypertonic saline was used to correct her hyponatremia.
Akpadi Kouma Tarsiba*, Kossi Metowogo, Gafarou-Toure Abdoul Alassane, Yendoube T. Kantati, Mabozou Kpemissi, Kwashie Eklu-Gadegbeku and Kodjo Akikokou
DOI: 10.37421/2161-0673.2023.13.285
Background: Asthma is the most common disease in school-aged children, and the prevalence rate is increasing every year. In Africa, the prevalence is high in schools and reaches 16.8% among students and more particularly during Physical Activities (PA), where physical exercises contribute to the increase of the frequency of cases of asthma attack. In Togo, the prevalence rate being very high, a survey on the management of this disease could be beneficial.
Objective: This study aims to assess students' knowledge, practices and self-management of asthma during physical activities.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study, by questionnaire, carried out from February to September 2020 among 40 asthmatics from secondary schools in Lome aged 11 to 18 years. The participants were students who had documentation proving that they had asthma and who had agreed to participate in the study. A questionnaire containing information on adherence with treatment, knowledge of inhalation technique. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS statistics version 19.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., an IBM Company, and Chicago, IL, USA).
Results: The participation rate was 60.6%. The average age was 14.1 ± 2.2 years, with the extremes of 11 and 18 years. The Sex Ratio (SR) of the participants was 1.22 with a predominance of men in the total number of this survey: 22 men (55%) and 18 women (45%). During an asthma attack, attitudes varied depending on how long the asthma lasted, but the difference is not significant. The majority (62.5%) had a low level of knowledge about their asthma treatment, and 50% had no adherence to treatment. Most of them (50%) ignore inhalation techniques.
Conclusion: There is insufficient knowledge of asthma treatment and treatment adherence among students with asthma in secondary schools in Lome. Awareness is essential.
Tesfaye Dolebo Awano* and Degent Fiker Fusse
DOI: 10.37421/2161-0673.2023.13.295
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of media coverage on the development of Hadiya Hosanna football club. Football and media has long historical relationships. Under this research, the researcher was study the relationship between social media and football. This study was employed by purposefully sampling method or the sampling techniques are purposeful sampling methods. The needed data was obtained by means of questioner and interview on players, coach and club manager from Hadiya Hosanna football club and the total population of Hadiya Hosanna football club was 29 and sampling size are 25 players, 3 coaches and 1 club manager based on analyzed media is very essential to develop football. In Hadiya Hosanna football club there was medium media coverage. In this cause there was impacts of on the development of the club. So the responsible body must work with medias.
Yun Zhou*, Yuliang Chen, Wenfeng Lu, Xueni Wang, Li Cai, Xuyang Guo, Chenghui Zhong, Binyan Zou, Xintong Chen, Lan Qiu, Han Zhang and Xiaoliang Li
DOI: 10.37421/2161-0673.2023.13.315
Background: Daily step count was associated with various health outcomes. However, the quantitative relationship between daily step count and lung function among general population is unclear to date.
Methods: We conducted a panel study with repeated measurement of daily step counts and lung function parameters in consecutive 11 days among 16 healthy male college students in a self-controlled study design. Linear mixed-effect model was used to assess the dose-response relationship between daily step count and lung function parameters.
Results: Compared with control days, subjects in intervention days had lower daily step counts and lung function parameters. Nonlinear associations of daily step count with FEV0.5, FEV0.5/FVC, and FEV1.0/FVC were observed in all observations, but become insignificant in subgroups of step count ≤ 8000 or >8000. Significant linear dose-response relationships were observed in those taking daily step counts ≤ 8000, showing that each 1000-increase in daily step was significantly associated with 36.81 ml, 20.29 ml, 1.36%, 0.48%, 1.88%, 1.38%, 2.06% and 0.76% increase in FEV0.5, FEV1.0, FEV0.5/FVC, FEV1.0/FVC, MMF%pred, FEF25%pred, FEF50%pred, and FEF75%pred, respectively.
Conclusion: Increased daily step count benefits lung function among healthy male adults, though the excess benefit was limited when taking more than 8000 steps per day.
DOI: 10.37421/2161-0673.2023.13.334
Smith Serr
Ski mountaineering is a physically demanding sport that requires a combination of endurance, strength, and technical skill. The biomechanics of ski mountaineering, particularly during uphill movement, play a crucial role in performance optimization and injury prevention. Understanding kinematics and muscle activation patterns provides insights into the mechanical demands of the sport and informs training strategies to enhance efficiency and reduce fatigue. The kinematics of uphill ski mountaineering involve complex lower limb movements that differ significantly from other endurance sports such as running or cycling. Skiers must maintain balance while moving uphill on variable terrain, often with different snow conditions that affect the mechanics of each step. Uphill movement typically consists of a diagonal stride, which requires precise coordination between the lower and upper body. The ankle, knee, and hip joints undergo continuous flexion and extension cycles, with particular emphasis on hip extension to generate forward propulsion. The center of mass shifts dynamically with each step, requiring constant neuromuscular adjustments to maintain stability and optimize force application.
Volga Amy
Fascia and muscle stiffness play a crucial role in the biomechanics of movement and injury prevention in soccer athletes. The interplay between these structural components influences flexibility, force transmission, and overall muscular performance. Soccer is a high-intensity sport that requires rapid acceleration, deceleration, and directional changes, all of which impose significant stress on the hamstring muscles. Understanding the differences in fascia and muscle stiffness between athletes with and without prior hamstring injuries is essential for optimizing rehabilitation and preventing re-injury. Muscle stiffness refers to the resistance of a muscle to deformation, which is influenced by the viscoelastic properties of muscle fibers and connective tissues. Fascia, a connective tissue network surrounding muscles, contributes to mechanical stability and force transmission. The combination of muscle and fascial stiffness determines an athlete's ability to generate force efficiently while maintaining mobility. In soccer athletes, maintaining an optimal balance between stiffness and flexibility is critical for performance and injury resilience.
Milla Marc
Female football players face unique injury risks due to anatomical, physiological, and biomechanical differences compared to their male counterparts. These differences contribute to a higher incidence of certain injuries, including Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) tears, stress fractures, and muscle strains. Understanding these sex-specific risks is crucial for developing effective injury prevention strategies that optimize performance while ensuring player safety. One of the most significant risk factors for female football players is the increased susceptibility to ACL injuries. Research has consistently shown that female athletes are two to eight times more likely to suffer an ACL tear than males. This disparity is attributed to multiple factors, including differences in neuromuscular control, ligament laxity, pelvic structure, and landing mechanics. Women tend to have a wider pelvis, which alters lower limb alignment and increases knee valgus, a position associated with higher ACL strain. Additionally, hormonal fluctuations throughout the menstrual cycle can affect ligament properties, potentially increasing injury risk during certain phases. To mitigate ACL injuries, structured neuromuscular training programs that focus on strength, proprioception, and biomechanics have proven effective.
Ruben Garrec
Athletic identity formation is a complex process influenced by various social, psychological, and environmental factors. For elite Gaelic athletes, the development of a strong athletic identity begins at an early age and continues to evolve throughout their sporting careers. Athletic identity refers to the extent to which an individual identifies with the athlete role and integrates it into their selfconcept. In elite sports, this identity is often reinforced by cultural expectations, training regimens, and the competitive nature of high-performance athletics. The early stages of athletic identity formation are shaped by exposure to sport within family, school, and community settings. Many Gaelic athletes begin engaging in sports at a young age, often influenced by parents, siblings, or local sports clubs. The Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) plays a significant role in fostering early athletic development, providing structured opportunities for children to participate in hurling, Gaelic football, and other traditional sports. The socialization process within these environments helps young athletes internalize values such as teamwork, discipline, and competitiveness, which contribute to their athletic identity.
Calix Andre
Exercise addiction is a behavioral phenomenon characterized by an uncontrollable urge to engage in physical activity despite potential negative consequences. Among elite athletes, particularly wrestlers, the drive for peak performance and rigorous training schedules may increase susceptibility to exercise addiction. A Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) aims to identify genetic variants associated with exercise addiction in elite wrestlers, providing insights into the biological mechanisms underlying this condition. Genetic factors are increasingly recognized as contributors to behavioral traits, including addiction tendencies. Previous research has established that dopamine pathways, stress response genes, and neurobiological mechanisms involved in reward and motivation play crucial roles in addictionrelated behaviors. The present study employs a GWAS approach to examine the genetic predisposition to exercise addiction in elite wrestlers, analyzing common Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with this condition.
Luca Júlio
Interocular timing variations in horizontal saccades are a critical aspect of visual processing in ball sport athletes, influencing their ability to track moving objects accurately and respond effectively during gameplay. Saccadic eye movements, which involve rapid shifts of the eyes to reposition the fovea onto a target, are essential for maintaining visual stability and acquiring relevant visual information in dynamic environments. Ball sport athletes, who rely heavily on quick visual perception and reaction times, exhibit specialized adaptations in their saccadic performance that distinguish them from non-athletes. The investigation of interocular timing differences in horizontal saccades provides insight into the neuromuscular control mechanisms that underpin visual-motor coordination and decision-making in sports. Saccades are executed through a complex interplay between neural structures, including the superior colliculus, frontal eye fields, and cerebellum. These structures work in tandem to initiate and control saccadic movements, ensuring precise and rapid gaze shifts. In ball sport athletes, the demand for accurate tracking of fast-moving objects leads to heightened neural efficiency in generating and executing saccades. Interocular timing variations, or the differences in latency and velocity between the two eyes during horizontal saccades, can reflect underlying asymmetries in neural processing or muscular coordination. Understanding these variations allows researchers and coaches to refine training protocols aimed at enhancing visual tracking and motor performance in athletes.
Rainer Fab
Oral health plays a crucial role in the overall well-being and performance of athletes, yet it is often overlooked in sports science. Dental caries and tooth erosion are common oral health concerns among athletes, influenced by various factors including nutritional habits, hydration strategies, and training intensity. The relationship between these oral health conditions and athletic performance highlights the need for a comprehensive understanding of how dietary patterns and sports-specific behaviors impact dental health in this population. Dental caries, commonly known as tooth decay, is caused by the demineralization of enamel due to the presence of fermentable carbohydrates, which are metabolized by oral bacteria to produce acid. Athletes, particularly those engaged in high-intensity training, often consume carbohydrate-rich diets to meet their energy demands. These diets frequently include sports drinks, energy gels, protein bars, and other high-sugar supplements that contribute to an increased risk of dental caries. Frequent snacking and prolonged exposure to sugary substances create an acidic oral environment, accelerating enamel breakdown and promoting bacterial proliferation. Unlike the general population, athletes tend to consume these carbohydrate sources during and after training, making their teeth vulnerable to decay due to inadequate saliva production while exercising.
Lipkens Krug
Singlet oxygen energy is an emerging area of interest in sports science and physiology due to its potential role in enhancing physiological function and athletic performance. Oxygen plays a fundamental role in energy metabolism, cellular function, and recovery processes, making its efficient utilization crucial for athletic endurance, strength, and overall performance. Singlet oxygen, an electronically excited form of molecular oxygen, has been studied for its unique properties in biological systems, particularly its ability to influence redox signaling, modulate oxidative stress, and support cellular resilience. The exploration of singlet oxygen energy as a means to optimize physiological function presents exciting opportunities for athletes and individuals seeking performance enhancement. The role of oxygen in metabolism and performance is well established, with aerobic and anaerobic pathways dictating energy production in response to exercise demands. During sustained physical activity, oxygen consumption increases, fueling mitochondrial respiration and ATP synthesis. The efficiency of this process directly impacts an athlete's ability to sustain effort, recover efficiently, and adapt to training stimuli. Singlet oxygen, as a high-energy oxygen species, has been proposed to enhance these processes by improving cellular efficiency, influencing oxidative balance, and supporting mitochondrial function.
Journal of Sports Medicine & Doping Studies received 1022 citations as per Google Scholar report
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